Sanitary and medical services for german refugees from the occupied regions of Ukraine in 1943-1944.

Aim of the article. The article reveals the main aspects related to the organization of sanitary and medical services for ethnic Germans, exported by the Nazi authorities from the occupied regions of Ukraine in 1943-1944. Research methods. Problem-chronological, descriptive and comparative methods were used. Scientific novelty. Based on the involvement of a wide range of archival documents, for the first time in historiography, it was possible to highlight in detail one of the littleknown and at the same time essential subjects of the evacuation of ethnic Germans from the occupied Ukrainian regions in 1943-1944. Conclusions. The level of health care for German refugees depended mostly on the territory of their stay. At the first stage of the evacuation, the Nazi authorities were unable to pay due attention to this significant issue since many resources were at the Wehrmacht disposal. The negligent attitude of indeed responsible authorities to the evacuated ethnic Germans' problems also played an important role. Very significant changes in refugees' situation took place only after moving to German territory in early 1944. Trying to prevent the mass spread of various infectious diseases among them, the Nazi administration was forced to take several urgent measures (such as disinfection, quarantine, and vaccination), which helped stabilize the sanitary and epidemiological situation gradually.

Free lyricists of Bukovina, as bearers of a competitive worldview

The need to address this problem is due to increased interest in the origins of traditional national culture and spirituality of our people, growing interest in authentic culture of the Ukrainian ethnic group, and in particular its component – the life of wandering elders-singers. The music of the Ukrainian lyre (kobza) is an organic part of people's worldviews, their thoughts and aspirations, diverse and rich spiritual life. One of the important roles in awakening the spirituality of our people was played by lyre players and kobzars, who carried the fiery Ukrainian word to the people, called for the struggle for freedom, for Cossack glory, for the ancient ancestral Orthodox faith. The article presents an analysis of the formation of lyricism (kobzarism) as a significant part of the cultural heritage of the Ukrainian population of Bukovina. The lyricists are portrayed as witnesses of the life and development of the people in different historical epochs, as well as their influence on knowledge of history, education of patriotism, love for the native land and respect for their ancestors. The purpose. Based on the analysis of literature sources and available historical documents to trace the peculiarities of the process of formation and reproduction of the history of lyricism in Bukovina, as part of the historical heritage of the Ukrainian people. Research methods: retrospective, synthetic analytical and generalizing methods. The scientific novelty lies in the generalization of information about the representatives of Ukrainian epic singing in Bukovina and Bukovina Hutsul region. Conclusions. The biographies of lyricists of Bukovyna, recollections about them, features of Hutsul lyre are given. Lyricism as a unique cultural phenomenon was spread all over Ukraine and in Hutsul region and Bukovyna as well from XVI century till 30ies of the twentieth century. As in the territory of Bukovina, as well as in all Ukraine, industrial production of lyres was not developed - in comparison with similar tools from other countries such lyres were much simpler in the design. The lyre in the Bukovynian Hutsul region had a layer of religiosity, so in addition to the heroic epic, the repertoire included chants and psalms. Well-known lyricists in Bukovyna were Yuriy Fedkovych (“Bukovynskyi Solovyi”), from the village of Putyla, Vasyl Tonievych from the village of Samakova, Petro Dzurak from the village of Dytynets, Dmytro Hentsar from the village of Ryzha (Pylypkove hamlet), Vasyl Hrytsko, Ivan Pokhovych (Hnat) from Sadhora (Chernivtsi).

The state of hospitals in Pidkarpatska Rus during the first decade of czechoslovak rule (1919-1929)

The article traces the process of activity of hospitals in Transcarpathia during the first decade of the land being a part of Czechoslovakia. Research methods. First of all, comparative-historical and structural-system methods of analysis, generalization and synthesis, as well as problem-chronological way of presenting the material have been used. Scientific novelty. The outlined problematics is considered in historiography for the first time. Conclusions. It is noted that at the time of the incorporation of Transcarpathia into Czechoslovakia there were four county hospitals, three of which were in a rather deplorable condition. The Czechoslovak administration had to make considerable efforts to modernize them. Emphasis was placed on the activities of doctors who came to Transcarpathia mainly from the Czech and Moravian lands. They were usually graduates of the Medical Faculty of the University of Prague, and some even underwent internships at leading European clinics. It is thanks to their ascetic work that the condition of hospitals and medical care of the population had improved.

Organizational staff formation and financing of the Department of Military Settlements in 1835–1857

The article examines the organizational staffing and financing of the Department of Military Settlements from 1835 to 1857 in a specific historical study. Research methods. An important aspect of the methodological basis is the use of general scientific methods as historical method and elements of the statistical method (coverage of staffing and funding of the Department of Military Settlements of the considered period); and special-historical method as problem-chronological (consideration of the dynamics of events in chronological order analysing the formation of the Department of Military Settlements and its development). The scientific novelty of the work is that the article, for the first time and on the basis of legislative acts comprehensively examines the historical experience of the Department of Military Settlements of the Ministry of War which was one of the important administrative structures during 1835-1857 in the Russian Empire. It has been found that the organization of the Department of Military Settlements was divided into two periods: 1) 1835–1843 and 2) 1843–1857. Conclusions. The establishment of the Department of Military Settlements of the Cavalry during the reign of Emperors Mykola I and Alexander II in the structure of the Ministry of War was a natural requirement of the time, due to the need of increasing efficiency and mobility of management of the cavalry military settlements. The analysis of the organizational structure of the staff list of the Department of Military Settlements shows that since 1843 the powers and responsibilities of the staff have been expanded, management structures have been modernized, and funding has been increased. The activities of the Department of Military Settlements had a systemic and structural structure of all management levels; the division of functions and responsibilities was clearly regulated by law.

Khotyn battle 1621. Іgnored source in ukrainian historiography

The article offers a historiographical consideration of the description of the Khotyn battle 1621with an emphasis on the historical value of M. Kostin's “Chronicle of the Land of Moldova” in the coverage of theevent. The relevance of the study is dictated by the 400th anniversary of the battle. The purpose of the study is to clarify the historical significance of thechronicle in revealing the theme of the Battle of Khotyn in 1621. Methodology describes the work of M. Kostin, its source base, comparison with other historical sources, review of its use. Conclusions. “Chronicle of the Land of Moldova” by Myron Kostin, being the only source for studying the history of Moldova in the early and mid seventeenth century. at the same time it is a true description of the events of the Khotyn War (1620–1621). Although the chronicler is not a contemporary of the events, his account of the Battle of Khotyn is based on serious Polish sources of the relevant era, oral information from contemporaries of the fighting, the traditions of the princely family of Movileshty, and so on. The work is positively characterized by a deep and detailed description of events, impartiality, clear analysis of military operations of a participant in many battles, education of the author and his broad outlook, which allowed him to understand the causal links of actions, actions of the parties, unconditional literary talent M. Kostin. His disregard for the events of the Khotyn War of 1621 by a number of Ukrainian historians shows a reluctance to consider the event comprehensively, using all sources. Moreover, we see a focus on showing only one fragment of this historical event, the participation of the Ukrainian side in it. The language barrier to the use of the Chronicle is no more a problem than a political motive.

Paradigmatic relations between lexical-semantic groups of adjectives in the scientific style of the english language

The article is dedicated to the study of paradigmatic relations of adjectives on the semantic level in the scientific style. Paradigmatic ties in the nucleus and the first periphery are determined and compared. The object of study is adjectives in the scientific style. The subject of the study is paradigmatic ties on the semantic level. The goal is to investigate and compare paradigmatic ties of adjectives in the scientific style. The topicality is caused by the necessity of study of paradigmatic ties of adjectives in the scientific style as they have not been investigated yet. In our study the statistical method was used such as the correlation analysis which helps to determine intensity and character of ties. The more there is the dependence between signs, the more the quantity of coefficient of correlation will approach to 1. In case of the absence of the statistical dependence the quantity of coefficient of correlation will be about zero or equals zero. Using the quantity of usage LSG of adjectives were divided into the nucleus and the first periphery. Due to the correlation analysis paradigmatic ties of LSG of adjectives within the nucleus and within the first periphery and between them were found and analyzed. In our study the statistical method was used such as χІ -which shows presence or absence of a tie. The coefficient K indicates the force (intensity) of ties. Due to it the ties are divided into strong, mean and weak ones. Statistically meaningful ties of lexical-semantic groups (LSG) of adjectives were analyzed. A scientific novelty is in distinguishing the nucleus and the first periphery and investigating paradigmatic ties between them. Conclusions. LSG of adjectives within the first periphery create not a big number of ties in comparison with the number of ties with LSG of adjectives of the nucleus. LSG of adjectives “Natural and physical state” and “Space value of distance and duration” are distinguished as making up the biggest number of ties with nucleus. The study shows that LSG of adjectives within of the first periphery are more independent between themselves and are able to have free ties. Paradigmatic ties of LSG of adjectives within the nucleus have the tendency to dependence and a mutual influence.

Binary terminological units containing the basic seme “erythema”

The article is studied for the first time status of terminological phrases with the basic sema "Erythema" in the structure of the Latin medical terminology.Verbal codification of the selected is traced terminological phrases in modern medical encyclopedic dictionaries. Carried out etymological, morphological, syntactic analysis of binary attributive components of functioning terminological phrases in medical oral and written discourse. Methods research. In the study, the method of continuous sampling, which allowed the selection of actual material; descriptive the method by which the inventory and internalinterpretation of selected terminological phrases; structural method for establishing connections and relationships between linguistic elements. Conclusions. According to the study found that the attributive component in the structure of binary terminological phrases with the basic sema "erythema"outlines the etiological sign, symptoms of the disease, form, consequence, clinical expressiveness, ie, attributive component in each case carries outclassification detail of the denoted phenomenon and thus contributes to the specification of clinical forms of erythema and allows avoid misunderstandings when making a diagnosis. Predominant most terminological phrases with sema "Erythema" consists of binary terminological phrases, formed according to the scheme Subst. nom. sing. + Adject. nom. sing .; model formation of terminological phrases according to the scheme Subst. nom. sing. + Subst. gen. sing./gen. plur. is unproductive; terminological phrases using prepositions refer to unproductive model of term formation.

The symbolic imaginary specific to the wedding in Oltenia

In the work of Arnold Van Gennep “Les rites de passage "carried out a typology of rites. Wedding ceremonies are influential to change the status, the formation of personalities of young people, integrating them into a larger village community. The article is covered features of wedding ceremonies in Oltenia in comparison with other Romanian regions. The stages of the wedding are very rich symbolic features, in addition, can be distinguished numerousrites concerning unmarried youth, restrictive rites or aggregation rites. Arnold Van Gennep's theory may continue to help carry out new ethnological research.

Skills of distance teaching of physiology to students of Bukovina State Medical University

The use of information technology in teaching process has increased, especially in the last decade. Modern computer programs allow for the transfer of knowledge and access to a variety of educational information, and new ones technologies such as interactive e-learning manuals, multimedia content, Internet, contribute to more active involvement of students in the process teaching. Distance learning has not gone unnoticed and medicine. The purpose of the article is to reveal achievements and problems distance teaching of theoretical disciplines in Bukovynian State Medical University, already has been working with a distance learning server for more than 10 years "Moodle", which over the years of its existence constantly is improving. The novelty of the article is to find out the reasons popularity of the resource among students, because it is known that students-physicians are primarily trying to obtain information in Moodle. On the server there are: methodical materials for training, lecture material, textbooks, calendar plans, guides for students, information about working off, results of working off of the missed employment. The methodology of the article includes comparative and analyticalmethods of assessing the achievements and problems of distance learning subject "Physiology" to students of BSMU. Our task the study began to draw intermediate conclusions about the shortcomings and advantages of distance learning in the study of physiology 2nd year students of BSMU. Conclusions. Department of Physiology BSMU has gained some experience during teaching distance learning. The staff of the department in progress teaching, improved computer skills, have been updated and enhanced Moodle servers. Distance learning reduces learning time due to communication speed teacher and student. Access to medical information is significant expanded and it is possible to use all forms of learning, c including independent work in the electronic library. IN in rural areas an electronic medical library can become one of the most effective uses information progress in clinical medicine. Timely and prompt implementation of distance learning in medical university allowed to interest students and in as a result, to develop a distance learning format into a single one information and educational environment of the university, to expand electronic educational and methodical base of the university andpreserve the former educational potential. The disadvantage distance learning is the impossibility of acquiring and practice manual skills and perform various medical manipulations under the control of the teacher that is the basis of quality training in medical universities.

The phenomenon of methodological pluralism as a sign of the development of historical science

The purpose of the research is to study the influence of methodological pluralism as a meta-approach on the formation of modern historical science; to examine the role that diverse approaches played in the scientific study of the past; to demonstrate the importance of a multi-vector view of history as an integral part of the study of the past. The relevance of the research: these are interdisciplinary interactions between both socio-humanitarian and natural sciences. The consequence of this is the emergence of the phenomenon of methodological pluralism as the basis of modern historical science. Conclusions: in the process of research we discovered that diverse methodological approaches influence the historical science, which ultimately leads to the emergence of the new directions in historical knowledge.