scholarly journals Heating and Cooling Degree-Days Climate Change Projections for Portugal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Andrade ◽  
Sandra Mourato ◽  
João Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Climate Change Projections ◽  
Degree Day ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Cooling Degree Days ◽  
Heating Energy Demand

Climate change is expected to influence cooling and heating energy demand of residential buildings and affect overall thermal comfort. Towards this end, the heating degree-day (HDD), the cooling degree-day (CDD) and the HDD+CDD were computed from an ensemble of 7 high-resolution bias-corrected simulations attained from EURO-CORDEX under RCP4.5 and RCP8.5. These three indicators were analyzed for 1971-2000 (from E-OBS) and 2011-2040 and 2041-2070, under both RCPs. Results show that the overall spatial distribution of HDD trends for the 3 time-periods points out an increase of energy demand to heat internal environments in Portugal's northern-eastern regions, most significant under RCP8.5. It is projected an increase of CDD values for both scenarios; however, statistically significant linear trends were only found for 2041-2070 under RCP4.5. The need for cooling is almost negligible for the remaining periods, though linear trend values are still considerably higher for 2041-2070 under RCP8.5. By the end of 2070, higher amplitudes for all indicators are depicted for southern Algarve and Alentejo regions, mainly under RCP8.5. For 2041-2070 the Centre and Alentejo (North and Centre) regions present major positive differences for HDD(CDD) under RCP4.5(RCP8.5), within the 5 NUTS II regions predicting higher heating(cooling) requirements for some locations.

scholarly journals Heating and Cooling Degree-Days Climate Change Projections for Portugal

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 715
Author(s):  
Cristina Andrade ◽  
Sandra Mourato ◽  
João Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Climate Change Projections ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Cooling Degree Days ◽  
Heating Energy Demand

Climate change is expected to influence cooling and heating energy demand of residential buildings and affect overall thermal comfort. Towards this end, the heating (HDD) and cooling (CDD) degree-days along with HDD + CDD were computed from an ensemble of seven high-resolution bias-corrected simulations attained from EURO-CORDEX under two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP4.5 and RCP8.5). These three indicators were analyzed for 1971–2000 (from E-OBS) and 2011–2040, and 2041–2070, under both RCPs. Results predict a decrease in HDDs most significant under RCP8.5. Conversely, it is projected an increase of CDD values for both scenarios. The decrease in HDDs is projected to be higher than the increase in CDDs hinting to an increase in the energy demand to cool internal environments in Portugal. Statistically significant linear CDD trends were only found for 2041–2070 under RCP4.5. Towards 2070, higher(lower) CDD (HDD and HDD + CDD) anomaly amplitudes are depicted, mainly under RCP8.5. Within the five NUTS II

scholarly journals Future climate change impacts on residential heating and cooling degree days in Serbia

Időjárás ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Janković ◽  
Zorica Podraščanin ◽  
Vladimir Djurdjevic
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Impacts ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Residential Heating ◽  
Cooling Degree Days

scholarly journals Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Heating and Cooling Degree-Days Over Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Sadeqi ◽  
Hossein Tabari ◽  
Yagob Dinpashoh
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Cooling Degree Days ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Heating Degree Days ◽  
Cooling Energy Demand

Abstract Climate change affects the energy demand in different sectors of the society. To investigate this possible impact, in this research, temporal trends and change points in heating degree-days (HDD), cooling degree-days (CDD), and their simultaneous combination (HDD+CDD) were analysed for a 60-year period (1960-2019) in Iran. The results show that less than 20% of the study stations had significant trends (either upward or downward) in HDD time series, while more than 80% of the stations had significant increasing trends in CDD and HDD+CDD time series. Abrupt changes in HDD time series mostly occurred in the early 1980s, but those in CDD time series were mostly observed in the 1990s. The cooling energy demand in Iran has dramatically increased as CDD values have raised up from 690 ºC-days to 1010 ºC-days in the last 60 years. HDD, however, almost remained constant in the same period. The results suggest that if global warming continues with the current pace, cooling energy demand in the residential sector will considerably increase in the future, calling for a change in residential energy consumption policies.

scholarly journals Impact of Climate Change on Electricity Demand: A Case Study of Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafat Mahmood ◽  
Sundus Saleemi ◽  
Sajid Amin
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
National Level ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Electricity Demand ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Weather Patterns ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Cooling Degree Days ◽  
The Impact

The energy sector is sensitive to changing weather patterns and Pakistan is one of those countries where temperature rise induced by climate change is expected to be above the world average. In this backdrop the present study aims at finding the impact of climate change on electricity demand in Pakistan at the regional and national level. Using monthly data on temperatures to find heating and cooling degree days, the relationship between monthly electricity demand and temperature is explored which is then used to find the impact of projected climate change on electricity demand. The results suggest surging peak loads in summer season due to climatic effect which calls for capacity instalments over and above that needed to cater to rise in electricity demand attributable to economic growth. JEL Classification: Q47, Q54 Keywords: Energy, Climate Change, Electricity Demand, Degree Days, Pakistan

scholarly journals Future heating and cooling degree days for Belgium under a high-end climate change scenario

2020 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 109935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delphine Ramon ◽  
Karen Allacker ◽  
Frank De Troyer ◽  
Hendrik Wouters ◽  
Nicole P.M. van Lipzig
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Scenario ◽  
Change Scenario ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Cooling Degree Days

scholarly journals A Review of Studies Involving the Effects of Climate Change on the Energy Consumption for Building Heating and Cooling

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Yuanzheng Li ◽  
Wenjing Wang ◽  
Yating Wang ◽  
Yashu Xin ◽  
Tian He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Physical Model ◽  
Climate Change Impact ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Model Method ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Cooling Degree Days ◽  
Change Impact

The world is faced with significant climate change, rapid urbanization, massive energy consumption, and tremendous pressure to reduce greenhouse gases. Building heating and cooling is one primary source of energy consumption and anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. First, this review presents previous studies that estimate the specific amount of climate change impact on building heating and cooling energy consumption, using the statistical method, physical model method, comprehensive assessment model method, and the combination method of statistical and physical model methods. Then, because the heating and cooling degree days indices can simply and reliably indicate the effects of climate on building heating and cooling energy consumption, previous studies were reviewed from the aspects of heating and cooling degree days indices, regional spatial-temporal variations in degree days and related indices, influencing factors of the spatial distributions of degree days, and the impacts of urbanization on degree days. Finally, several potential key issues or research directions were presented according to the research gaps or fields that need to be studied further in the future, such as developing methods to simply and accurately estimate the specified amounts of climate change impact on building cooling and heating energy consumption; using more effective methods to analyze the daytime, nighttime, and all-day spatial-temporal changes in different seasons in the past and future under various environment contexts by considering not only the air temperature but also the relative humidity, solar radiation, population, etc., and further exploring the corresponding more kinds of driving forces, including the various remotely sensed indices, albedo, nighttime light intensity, etc.; estimating the daytime, nighttime, and all-day impacts of urbanization on heating degree days (HDDs), cooling degree days (CDDs), and their sum (HDDs + CDDs) for vast cities in different environmental contexts at the station site, city, regional and global scales; producing and sharing of the related datasets; and analyzing the subsequent effects induced by climate change on the energy consumption for building heating and cooling, etc.

scholarly journals What is the Uncertainty in Degree-Day Projections due to Different Calibration Methodologies?

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (22) ◽  
pp. 9059-9075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Holmes ◽  
Simon Tett ◽  
Adam Butler
Keyword(s):  
Energy Use ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Temperature Index ◽  
Degree Day ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Cooling Degree Days ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Impact

Degree-days are a temperature index used for understanding the impact of climate change. Different methods to deal with climate model biases, termed bias correction or more generally calibration, yield different projections of such indices, something not widely understood for temperature indices in many impact sectors. An analytical expression is derived for the expected value of degree-days given parameters of the underlying statistical distribution (assumed to be Gaussian). It is demonstrated that the uncertainty introduced by calibration methodology is driven by the magnitude of the nonlinearity in this expression. In a climate where mean temperature is, and remains, far from (approximately three standard deviations) the threshold used in defining the index, the equation is approximately linear, and methodological choice makes little difference relative to the absolute number of degree-days. However, case studies for U.K. cities London and Glasgow for heating and cooling degree-days (HDD and CDD; these are degree-day indices used in the estimation of energy use for heating and cooling buildings) demonstrate that, when temperatures are close to the threshold, unrealistic results may arise if appropriate calibration is not performed. Seasonally varying temperature biases in the 11-member perturbed parameter ensemble HadRM3 are discussed, and different calibration strategies are applied to this ensemble. For projections of U.K. HDD, the difference between results from simple and advanced methodologies is relatively small, as the expression for HDD is approximately linear in many months and locations. For U.K. CDD, an inappropriate method has a large relative impact on projections because of the proximity to the threshold. In both cases, the uncertainty caused by methodology is comparable to that caused by ensemble spread.

scholarly journals Large uncertainties in trends of energy demand for heating and cooling under climate change

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrien Deroubaix ◽  
Inga Labuhn ◽  
Marie Camredon ◽  
Benjamin Gaubert ◽  
Paul-Arthur Monerie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Global Climate Model ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Cooling Degree Days ◽  
Climate Model Simulations ◽  
Increasing Trends ◽  
Cooling Energy Demand

AbstractThe energy demand for heating and cooling buildings is changing with global warming. Using proxies of climate-driven energy demand based on the heating and cooling Degree-Days methodology applied to thirty global climate model simulations, we show that, over all continental areas, the climate-driven energy demand trends for heating and cooling were weak, changing by less than 10% from 1950 to 1990, but become stronger from 1990 to 2030, changing by more than 10%. With the multi-model mean, the increasing trends in cooling energy demand are more pronounced than the decreasing trends in heating. The changes in cooling, however, are highly variable depending on individual simulations, ranging from a few to several hundred percent in most of the densely populated mid-latitude areas. This work presents an example of the challenges that accompany future energy demand quantification as a result of the uncertainty in the projected climate.

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