scholarly journals Sustainable Infrastructure 4.0 - Value Chain Integration through Federated Digital Platforms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Nübel ◽  
Michael Bühler ◽  
Thorsten Jelinek
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
First Century ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Cost Overruns ◽  
Sustainable Infrastructure ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Shared Infrastructure ◽  
Changing Demographics ◽  
Responsible Governance

Twenty-first century infrastructure needs to respond to changing demographics, becoming climate neutral, resilient, and economically affordable, while remaining a driver for development and shared prosperity. However, the infrastructure sector remains one of the least innovative and digitalized, plagued by delays, cost overruns, and benefit shortfalls [1-4]. The root cause is the prevailing fragmentation of the infrastructure value chain [5]. To support overcoming the shortcomings, an integration of the value chain is needed. This could be achieved through a use-cased-based creation of federated digital platforms applied to infrastructure projects. Such digital platforms enable full-lifecycle participation and responsible governance guided by a shared infrastructure vision.

scholarly journals Federated Digital Platforms: Value Chain Integration for Sustainable Infrastructure Planning and Delivery

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 8996
Author(s):  
Konrad Nübel ◽  
Michael Max Bühler ◽  
Thorsten Jelinek
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
First Century ◽  
Cost Overruns ◽  
Sustainable Infrastructure ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Shared Infrastructure ◽  
Changing Demographics

Twenty-first century infrastructure needs to respond to changing demographics, becoming climate neutral, resilient, and economically affordable, while remaining a driver for development and shared prosperity. However, the infrastructure sector remains one of the least innovative and digitalized, plagued by delays, cost overruns, and benefit shortfalls. The authors assessed trends and barriers in the planning and delivery of infrastructure based on secondary research, qualitative interviews with internationally leading experts, and expert workshops. The analysis concludes that the root-cause of the industry’s problems is the prevailing fragmentation of the infrastructure value chain and a lacking long-term vision for infrastructure. To help overcome these challenges, an integration of the value chain is needed. The authors propose that this could be achieved through a use-case-based, as well as vision and governance-driven creation of federated digital platforms applied to infrastructure projects and outline a concept. Digital platforms enable full-lifecycle participation and responsible governance guided by a shared infrastructure vision. This paper has contributed as policy recommendation to the Group of Twenty (G20) in 2021.

Resources for a Democratic Catholic Church

Horizons ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-226
Author(s):  
Eugene C. Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Church History ◽  
First Century ◽  
Early Church ◽  
Church Reform ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Democratic Tradition ◽  
Catholic History ◽  
Reform Needs

AbstractThis article explores sources in the Christian tradition that can be helpful for re-shaping present Roman Catholic ecclesial polity. The underlying theme is that the Catholic Church, in order to enhance efforts at church reform, needs to re-structure itself from a monarchical polity to a democratic one. A theological subtheme argues that the monarchical polity is not mandated by the gospel, but is rather a creature of history. Furthermore, the monarchical polity is a root cause obstructing reform in specific areas. By selecting loci from early church history to the present time, democratic movements and ideas are highlighted as constituting an important part of Catholic history. Certain of these loci have not yet been examined for their democratic potential. This democratic tradition can be a springboard for moving toward a democratic church in the twenty-first century.

Cooperative strategies in the platform economy

2019 ◽  
pp. 123-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Child ◽  
David Faulkner ◽  
Stephen Tallman ◽  
Linda Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Network Effects ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Platform Governance ◽  
Cooperative Strategies ◽  
Asymmetric Growth ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Platform System ◽  
Innovation Platform

Chapter 6 analyzes a new form of economy, enabled by ICTs, digital platforms, and smart devices to connect transactors (sharers or buyers and sellers) who may not have been able to cooperate otherwise. It provides an overview of the phenomenon of “the platform revolution” (from classic value chain logic to platform business logic). It goes on to explain different types of platform (innovation platform, transaction platform, integration platform), the principles of platform business (network effects, the distribution power law, asymmetric growth and competition) and the tacit cooperative strategies of suppliers, platform providers, and customers. Cooperation is tacit—providers do not interact and customers do not interact, except through ratings. The platform system is set up to maintain this condition. The chapter concludes with an overview of platform governance.

scholarly journals Toward a Systemic View to Cost Overrun Causation in Infrastructure Projects: A Review and Implications for Research

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic D. Ahiaga-Dagbui ◽  
Peter E. D. Love ◽  
Simon D. Smith ◽  
Fran Ackermann
Keyword(s):  
Systems Thinking ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Popular Press ◽  
Cost Overrun ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Cost Overruns ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Multiple Factors ◽  
High Level ◽  
Systemic View

Infrastructure cost overruns receive a significant amount of attention in the academic literature as well as the popular press. The methodological weaknesses in the dominant approaches adopted to explain cost overrun causation on infrastructure projects are explored in this article. A considerable amount of cost overrun research is superficial, replicative, and thus has stagnated the development of a robust theory to mitigate and contain the problem. Future research should move from single-cause identification and the traditional net-effect correlational analysis to a search for causal recipes through systems thinking and retrospective sensemaking to address the high-level interactions between multiple factors.

scholarly journals Cost Overrun Causative Factors in Road Infrastructure Projects: A Frequency and Importance Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 5506
Author(s):  
Rodrigo F. Herrera ◽  
Omar Sánchez ◽  
Karen Castañeda ◽  
Hernán Porras
Keyword(s):  
Project Planning ◽  
Cost Overrun ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Price Variation ◽  
Cost Overruns ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Causative Factors ◽  
Evidence Collection ◽  
Importance Analysis

Road infrastructure projects are essential for a country’s economic and social development. Due to the magnitude, the projects are associated with considerable economic investments that in the case of failure can seriously affect regions’ economies. Despite the importance, roads from different countries are affected by cost overruns, hence, it is essential to identify and analyze the causative factors to focus the search for mitigation solutions. There are several studies focused on the cost factors identification, however, studies are lacking that synthesize and analyze the frequency and importance with which the factors have been reported to obtain a phenomenon overview. Therefore, this paper focuses on analyzing the frequency and importance with which cost overrun factors are reported in road projects. The research method consisted of a systematic review compound of five principal stages: (1) question formulation; (2) searching of relevant documents; (3) document selection; (4) evidence collection, analysis and synthesis; and (5) results’ report. Thirty-eight cost overrun factors were identified and classified into 14 categories. According to the Influence Index, the five most important and frequent cost overrun factors were: (1) failures in design, (2) price variation of materials, (3) inadequate project planning, (4) project scope changes, and (5) design changes.

IDBG Framework for Planning, Preparing, and Financing Sustainable Infrastructure Projects: IDB Sustainable Infrastructure Platform

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomás Serebrisky ◽  
Graham Watkins ◽  
Maria Cecilia Ramirez ◽  
Hendrik Meller ◽  
Rahissa Melo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Sustainable Infrastructure

The Anatomy of Geotechnical Risk Factors in Transportation Infrastructure Projects

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Amadi Alolote
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Transportation Infrastructure ◽  
Infrastructure Projects ◽  
Selection Algorithm ◽  
Cost Overruns ◽  
Highway Projects ◽  
Contractor Selection ◽  
Project Completion ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Geotechnical Risk

Ground conditions constitute a key risk factor that can ultimately determine the successful performance of construction contracts, with the literature reporting statistics of projects which have significantly exceeded their initial budget due to geotechnical uncertainties. The study explores the nature of geotechnical risk factors in transportation infrastructure projects, which potentially lead to cost overruns. The study provides a kaleidoscopic view of the various routes to managing risks due to the ground, at the preconstruction phases of highway projects, and how a lack thereof, can culminate to determine the trend of high-cost overruns in highway projects. The study findings reveal arguments and widely contested issues in geotechnical practice, which to various degrees, can have a significant financial impact on project completion cost in highway projects. The findings uncover various error traps and gaps in practice such as the lack of deterministic costing methods that better reflect heterogeneous ground conditions; insufficiency of preliminary geotechnical exploration; poor geotechnical risk containment in contracts as well as non-deployment of multi-dimensional geotechnically bespoke contractor selection algorithm. The study submits that these gaps in practice constitute the various trajectories through which geotechnical risk can trigger inefficiency and wastage of financial resources, leading to cost overruns in transportation infrastructure projects.

Global Value Chains, Industrial Hubs, and Economic Development in the Twenty-first Century

2020 ◽  
pp. 1048-1068
Author(s):  
Gary Gereffi ◽  
Xinyi Wu
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Century ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Global Value Chain ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Trade War ◽  
Athletic Footwear

This chapter uses the global value chain (GVC) framework to analyse the shifting strategies of key lead firms and first-tier suppliers in the athletic footwear and electronics industries. Growing cost pressures for labour and raw materials, as well as the potential political disruption from the escalating ‘trade war’ between the United States and China and the accelerating technological disruption sparked by the digital economy on both the demand side (e.g. e-commerce) and the supply side (e.g. automation) of GVCs, are encouraging brand leaders and major suppliers in both GVCs (such as Adidas and Nike in footwear, and Apple and Foxconn in electronics) to pursue automation in select factories in their supply chains. However, the industrial hubs where athletic footwear and electronics production is concentrated remain overwhelmingly labour-intensive, both in China and elsewhere in Asia (such as Vietnam and Indonesia) where big suppliers are moving to diversify their options.

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