scholarly journals Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Cost-Related Prescription Nonredemption, Health care Seeking and Hospitalization in Hungary: A Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayu Begashaw Bekele ◽  
Bahaa Aldin Alhaffar ◽  
Rahul Naresh Wasnik ◽  
János Sándor
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Care Use ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Specialist Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The Social ◽  
Nationally Representative

Background: Although, negative repercussions of inadequate health service use on the health outcomes has been presumably exacerbated by COVID-19, the impact of the pandemic measures has been not evaluated properly yet. Objective: Our study aimed to quantify the COVID-19 pandemic measures’ effect on the general practitioner (GP) visit, specialist care, hospitalization and cost-related prescription nonredemption (CRPNR) among adults in Hungary, and to identify the social strata susceptible to the pandemic effect. Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study based on nationally representative data of 6,611 (Nprepandemic=5,603 and Npandemic=1,008) subjects aged 18 years and above. Data were obtained from the European Health Interview Survey 2019 (EHIS) and International Social Survey Program 2021 (ISSP) for prepandemic and pandemic, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to determine the sociodemographic and clinical factors influencing the health care use by odds ratios (OR) along with the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI). To identify the social strata susceptible to pandemic effect, the interaction of the time of data collection with level of education, marital status, and ethnicity, was also tested. Results: While, the CRPNR did not changed, the frequency of GP visit, specialist care and hospitalization rate were remarkably reduced by 22.2%, 26.4%, and 6.7%, respectively, during the pandemic in Hungary. Roma proved to be not specifically affected by the pandemic in any studied respect. The pandemic restructuring of health care impacted the social subgroups evenly with respect to hospital care. However, the pandemic effect was weaker among primary educated adults (ORhigh-school vs primary-education =0.434; 95% CI 0.243-0.776, ORhigh-school vs primary-education =0.598; 95% CI 0.364-0.985), and among widows (ORwidowed vs married =2.284; 95% CI 1.043-4.998, ORwidowed vs married=1.915; 95% CI 1.157-3.168) on the frequency of GP visit and specialist visit; and the prepandemic CRPNR inequality by level of education was increased (ORhigh-school vs primary-education =0.236; 95% CI 0.075-0.743). Conclusion: Primary educated and widowed did not follow the general trend, and their prepandemic limited health care use was not reduced further during pandemic, resulting in an inequality reduction. The vulnerability of primary educated to CRPNR was the only gap widened in the pandemic period. This shows that although the management of pandemic health care use restrictions was implemented by increasing the social inequality in Hungary, the prevention of inequity in drug availability for primary educated individuals could require more support.

scholarly journals Satisfaction with Health Care Among Individuals with Overweight and Obesity: A Nationally Representative Cross-sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1397-1399
Author(s):  
Young-Rock Hong ◽  
Gregory Pavela ◽  
Alexandra M. Lee ◽  
Victoria G. Williamson ◽  
Michelle I. Cardel
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nationally Representative

The Use of Mobile Phones by Women Accessing Health Care Services in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Mosharaf Hossain ◽  
Ruhani Mat Min ◽  
Madihah Mohd
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Care Services ◽  
To Receive

Background: Maternal and neonatal mortality rates still pose a global challenge. Objectives: The present study aimed to identify the socio-demographic characteristics of mobile users trying to access antenatal care services, transportation to facilities, and postnatal care for mothers and newborns. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that used data collected from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2014. Data were gathered using a questionnaire. Participants comprised 4,494 mothers aged between 14 and 49. Models of logistic regression were used to determine associations. Results: The overall sample size was 4494, with only 22.23% of women using mobile phones. Among these, 29.9% used their mobile phones to obtain health services or advice and 70.1% did not. Women with mobile phones who had a higher level of education used them to receive more health care (secondary and higher: OR = 1.922, 95%CI = 1.225−3.014; primary: OR = 1.982, 95% CI = 1.738−2.654); they were of higher socio-economic status (rich: OR = 1.228, 95% CI = 1.009&−1.494; middle income: OR = 1.691, 95% CI = 1.256−2.333); they accessed more prenatal care (yes: OR = 1.993, 95% CI = 1.425−1.987) and antenatal care (yes: OR = 1.951, 95% CI = 1.765−1.998); they checked their health status after delivery (yes: OR = 1.966, 95% CI = 1.639−2.357). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that young women who had a higher level of education and income and resided in urban areas were more likely to use a mobile phone to receive health care facilities in Bangladesh. Intervention studies are essential in recognising that mobile phone-based facilities improve maternal health care.

scholarly journals The social network around influenza vaccination in health care workers: a cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Llupià ◽  
Joaquim Puig ◽  
Guillermo Mena ◽  
José M. Bayas ◽  
Antoni Trilla
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Social

scholarly journals The Effect of Social Isolation on Physical Activity during the COVID-19 Pandemic in France

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5070
Author(s):  
Alessandro Porrovecchio ◽  
Pedro R. Olivares ◽  
Philippe Masson ◽  
Thierry Pezé ◽  
Linda Lombi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Logistic Regressions

The objective of this cross-sectional study is to analyze the changes in physical activity (PA) practice of a sample of 2099 French adults, mostly females, who answered an online questionnaire during the first COVID-19 lockdown (March–May 2020). A descriptive analysis of participants was performed using relative frequencies. Chi-squared tests were performed to compare the responses of selected variables. Multinomial logistic regressions were performed to compare the variations of PA with all the variables identified. The age of participants ranged from 18 to 88. Among people who practiced PAs before the first lockdown, the probability to keep practicing PAs is higher among those with a lower level of education, among housewives and retirees and among those who lived in cities of 10,000–19,999 inhabitants. For those who did not practice PAs before the social distancing, the probability of starting to practice is greater in those with a lower level of education and for those who suffered from a chronic disease. Our results place the emphasis on the complexity and multifactoriality of the changes that emerged during the first lockdown. The “education” factor emerges, as a significant determinant of PA that should certainly be explored further.

Care Barriers for Patients With Nonsyndromic Orofacial Clefts in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110265
Author(s):  
Hanaa Allaf ◽  
Narmin Helal ◽  
Osama Basri ◽  
Ahmad AlShadwi ◽  
Heba Sabbagh
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Orofacial Clefts ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Waiting Room ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Education

Objective: To evaluate the barriers faced by patients with nonsyndromic orofacial clefts (NSOFC) throughout their treatment course in Saudi Arabia. Design: A cross-sectional study. Setting: Eleven different governmental health care centers across Saudi Arabia. Patients: Records of pediatric patients with NSOFC. Interventions: A questionnaire with multiple validation stages was designed to assess the barriers in care of these patients through telephonic interviews with the parents or guardians of patients with NSOFC. Main Outcome Measures: We identified 3 care-barrier–related factors: (1) geographic accessibility, (2) appointment availability and accessibility, and (3) scheduling-related barriers. Results: Overall, 240 participants of both sexes, with orofacial cleft of various types and with various demographic characteristics (residence, family monthly income, and caregiver level of education) were included. The highest mean score of care barriers was reported for scheduling-related barriers. Overall, 186 individuals reported sometimes/often not receiving the required medical care for the following reasons: scheduling difficulties (89%; 37.1%), prolonged waiting room time (40%; 16.7%), and transportation difficulties (36%; 15.0%). A linear regression showed that parents cited late appointments as the main reason for patients with NSOFC not receiving adequate medical care. Care-barrier factors were significantly related to gender ( P = .035), patient age ( P < .001), place of residency ( P < .001), and caregiver’s level of education ( P = .015). Conclusions: Gaps in the health care system directly related to common care barriers need to be addressed to ensure adequate care for patients with NSOFC.

scholarly journals Evaluating drug prescription patterns in children according to World Health Organisation's indicators, Kigali, Rwanda: A cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaspard HABIMANA ◽  
Theogene Nyandwi ◽  
Jean Claude Kabayiza ◽  
Pierre Claver Kayumba
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Drug Prescription ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Care Use ◽  
World Health ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Prescribing Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prescription Patterns ◽  
Essential Drug List

Abstract Background Irrational drug use is a worldwide problem at all levels of health care, especially in hospitals. Prescribers in community tend to omit hospital prescribing practices, thus this problem is present at all levels of health care. Use of medicines can be greatly improved and wastage reduced if simple principles of drug management are followed. To help in solving this problem, World Health Organization (WHO) has designed prescribing core indicators that were used to evaluate drug prescription patterns in Rwanda Social Security Board (RSSB) affiliated patients.Material and Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study with quantitative analysis was carried out for a period of six months. Among the 1000 prescriptions collected, 18 of them were rejected for not fulfilling the inclusion criteria, the remaining 982 prescriptions were almost distributed equally from either private and public hospital or clinics. The study analyzed prescriptions from health facilities located in Kigali City, Rwanda. The results were presented in table with comparisons with the WHO prescription indicators.Results The average number of drugs per prescription is 2.4 which is higher than 1.8 recommended by WHO. The percentages of drugs prescribed with a generic name and those from National Essential drug List are 28.5% and 61.1% respectively, which are very low compared to WHO target of 100% for both core prescribing indicators. The percentage of encounters with an antibiotic prescribed is 42.5% and the encounters who received an injections account 1.2%.Conclusion This study revealed that there is a big gap in implementing WHO core indicators of prescription and concerned stakeholders should take measures to address this issue.

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