scholarly journals Pengembangan Instrumen Tes Keterampilan Pemecahan Masalah pada Materi Getaran, Gelombang, dan Bunyi

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syarif Rokhmat Hidayat ◽  
Anggi Hanif Setyadin ◽  
Hermawan Hermawan ◽  
Ida Kaniawati ◽  
Endi Suhendi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Instrument Development ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Test Instrument ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Test Sets ◽  
Data Collections ◽  
Instrument Reliability

Abstract Problem-solving is one of the fundamental skills in the 21st century. Students’ problem-solving skill is defined as students’ abilities to use their knowledge to solve the daily life problems. This study main goal is to develop a test instrument of junior high school students’ problem-solving skills on oscillation, wave, and sound concepts. The test items are arranged based on problem-solving skills indicator that proposed by Doctor and Heler (2009), there are problems visualization/description, physics approach, mathematic procedure, and logically conclusion. This study used 4D (define, design, develop, and disseminate) model of research and development method. Fifteen test sets are designed based on five problem-solving skill indicators that grouped to each oscillation, wave, and sound sub concept. The result of instrument development shows all test items are valid through Pearson moment correlation coefficient test. Alpha Cronbach test the instrument shows the instrument reliability is 0.88 with the criteria of reliability is high. Based on expert judgment and data collections, the test instruments were well developed and could be used to measure students’ problem-solving skills on oscillation, wave, and sound wave concepts. Keywords: problem solving skills; problem solving skills instrument; oscillation, wave, and sound concept. Abstrak Pemecahan masalah adalah salah satu keterampilan yang penting di abad ke-21. Keterampilan pemecahan masalah siswa adalah kemampuan siswa menggunakan pengetahuan-pengetahuan yang dimilikinya untuk memecahkan masalah dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan instrumen tes untuk mengukur keterampilan pemecahan masalah pada siswa SMP terkait materi getaran, gelombang, dan bunyi. Instrumen tes disusun berdasarkan indikator keterampilan pemecahan masalah yang dikembangkan oleh Doctor dan Heler (2009) yaitu visualisasi/deskripsi masalah, pendekatan fisika, prosedur matematika, dan kesimpulan logis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan model 4D (define, design, develop, and disseminate). Sebanyak lima belas soal dibuat berdasarkan lima indikator keterampilan pemecahan masalah yang dikelompokkan menjadi tiga pokok soal materi getaran, gelombang, dan bunyi. Hasil pengembangan menunjukkan keseluruhan item tes bersifat valid dengan menggunakan uji koefisien korelasi momen Pearson. Uji alpha cronbach pada instrumen tes menunjukkan bahwa tingkat reliabel instrumen tes adalah 0,88 dengan kriteria reliabel tinggi. Berdasarkan hasil penilaian ahli dan uji coba pada beberapa sampel, instrumen tes yang telah dikembangkan dapat digunakan untuk mengukur keterampilan pemecahan masalah siswa pada materi getaran, gelombang, dan bunyi. Kata-kata Kunci: keterampilan pemecahan masalah; instrumen tes keterampilan pemecahan masalah; materi getaran, gelombang, dan bunyi.

scholarly journals TACTIC FULFILLMENTS OF THREE CORRELATIONS FOR PROBLEM-SOLVING MAPS AND ANIMATED PRESENTATIONS TO ASSESS STUDENTS’ STOICHIOMETRY PERFORMANCES

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 733-745
Author(s):  
King-Dow Su
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Achievement Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Learning Groups ◽  
Test Items ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Case Based

This research focuses on students’ tactic assessments of 3 correlations with illustrated 2-step strategic map and animated presentations in stoichiometry. The participants were divided into 2 learning groups: the experimental and the control group by quasi-experimental approach. Most of all, experimental group participants have been contingent on critical performances of thinking capabilities in accordance with tactic fulfillments of 3 correlations helpfully. In contrast with statistic findings of post-tests, experimental group participants get more formulated goals of individual learning in answering 5 algorithmic and conceptual pairs of achievement test items than those of control group participants. Students’ shift of reasoning from model-based to case-based requires them to explore an effective mental cognition and responses for full-fledged performances of problem-solving skills. After tactic fulfillments for 3 study objectives of visualized developments, experimental group participants have upgraded a distinct learning accumulation and project-based feedback at their best learning performances. Key words: problem-solving, stoichiometry, three correlations, tactic fulfillments.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN TES KETERAMPILAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH PADA KONSEP USAHA DAN ENERGI DI SMA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-168
Author(s):  
Putri Eka Lestari ◽  
Andik Purwanto ◽  
Indra Sakti
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Percentage Score ◽  
Validation Test ◽  
Test Instrument ◽  
Validation Tests ◽  
Student Problem ◽  
Expert Validation ◽  
Work And Energy

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan instrumen tes keterampilan pemecahan masalah peserta didik yang valid dan reliabel pada konsep usaha dan energi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan model pengembangan 4D yang terdiri dari tahap define, design, develop, dan disseminate. Hasil uji  validasi oleh ahli  dan praktisi ditinjau dari aspek materi, aspek konstruksi, dan  aspek bahasa. Berdasarkan hasil uji validasi ahli diperoleh presentase skor 94.23% untuk aspek materi, 89.00% untuk aspek konstruksi, 80.00% untuk aspek bahasa dan berdasarkan uji validasi praktisi di peroleh presentase skor 97.95% untuk aspek materi, 96.00% untuk aspek konstruksi, 92.50% untuk aspek bahasa serta dinyatakan valid pada uji validasi empiris dengan reliabilitas 0,839805 kategori tinggi pada uji terbatas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, dapat disimpulkan instrumen tes yang dikembangkan telah valid dan reliabel. Kata Kunci: Instrumen tes, Keterampilan Pemecahan Masalah, Usaha (Kerja) dan Energi ABSTRACT This research was aimed to develop test instrument that was valid and reliable for student problem solving skills on the concept of work and energy. This research was conducted with a 4D development model which consisted of define, design, develop, and disseminate. Validation tests by experts and practitioners were in terms of material aspects, construction aspects, and language aspects. Based on the results of expert validation tests, the percentage score of 94.23% was obtained for material aspects, 89.00% for construction aspects, 80.00% for language aspects and based on practitioners' validation test the scores were 97.95% for material aspects, 96.00% for construction aspects, 92.50% for aspects language and stated as valid in the empirical validation test with a reliability of 0.839805 in high category on the limited test. So it could be concluded that the test instrument was valid and reliable. Keywords: Test instruments, Problem Solving Skills, Work and Energy

scholarly journals Mathematics Teachers’ Perceptions about Problem-Solving: The case of Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Ernest Ampadu
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
High School ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Mathematics Teachers ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Cape Coast ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Problem Solving Strategies

Most students experience different levels of difficulties in learning mathematics. TIMSS results have shown that most students in Ghana do not perform well in higher level tasks designed to assess applications and non-routine problems. This study, therefore, aimed at examining Ghanaian Junior and Senior High School mathematics teachers problem-solving strategies and their professional development needs about problem-solving. 114 mathematics teachers from 28 Junior High School (JHS) and Senior High School (SHS) in the Cape Coast Metropolis took part in the study. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. The results from the study show that although teachers appreciate the importance of problem-solving in improving mathematics teaching and learning, there has not been the needed problem-solving training to support teachers in this regard. The researcher, therefore, argue that despite the numerous advantages associated with problem-solving strategy of teaching and learning, continuous professional development training for teachers should be paramount in our quest for helping students develop problem solving skills. Ghanaian JHS and SHS students can be in a disadvantageous position as they compete with their peers from other countries in international comparison examinations if our teachers are not given the needed support to become proficient in the use of problem-solving strategies in the classrooms.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA BERDASARKAN GAYA KOGNITIF

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-243
Author(s):  
Lihar Raudina Izzati ◽  
Erlinda Rahma Dewi ◽  
Andika Wisnu
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Cognitive Style ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Mathematical Problem Solving ◽  
School Students ◽  
Ability Test ◽  
Test Instrument ◽  
The Difference

Problem-solving ability is a characteristic of mathematical activities and a major ability in developing mathematical understanding. Mathematical problem-solving ability can be seen from several dimensions, one of which is cognitive style. Cognitive style is a unique way for each individual to acquire, process, store, use the information to respond to tasks or situations, and build knowledge. FD and FI cognitive styles are one type of cognitive style that are categorized by general ways of thinking, solving problems, learning, and dealing with other people so that they have a relationship with problem-solving abilities. The subjects in this study involved 72 students (around the age of 13-14 years), namely 33 students with FD cognitive style and 39 students with FI cognitive style. The problem-solving ability test instrument in this study was a mathematical problem-solving ability test that had been validated by experts and tested for reliability. The cognitive style test instrument is the Group Embedded Figure Test (GEFT) item developed by Witkin. The problem-solving ability of junior high school students with FI cognitive style is better than FD students even though the difference is not much different.

scholarly journals MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH SISWA SMP MELALUI METODE PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (October) ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
Adi Ihsan Imami
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Alternative Model ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Junior High School Students ◽  
School Students ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Learning Mathematics ◽  
Better Than

One alternative model of learning that is expected to improve problem-solving skills is the Problem Based Learning model. This research aims to examine the problem-solving abilities of junior high school students. This study is classified as Quasi Experiments that was conducted at SMP Nurul Huda in Karawang. This research was an experimental design with 80 seventh grade student as a sample, it is divided into two different classes as a Problem Based Learning class and conventional learning class. The two classes were given pretest and posttest to determine students' problem-solving abilities. The results showed that problem solving abilities students who obtained learning with Problem Based Learning were better than students who received conventional learning. The success of students in learning mathematics with Problem Based Learning and problem-solving problems shows good results.   Salah satu alternatif model dan pendekatan pembelajaran yang diperkirakan dapat meningkatkan kemampuan tersebut adalah model Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menelaah kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan minat belajar siswa SMP. Penelitian ini termasuk Kuasi Eksperimen yang dilakukan pada salah satu SMP di kota Karawang, Penelitian ini adalah suatu eksperimen berdisain  dengan sampel 80 siswa kelas VII pada dua kelas yang berbeda sebagai kelas Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah dan kelas pembelajaran konvensional. Kedua kelas yang diteliti diberikan pretes dan postes untuk mengetahui kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan minat belajar siswa.  Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kemampuan  pemecahan masalah dan minat belajar siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran dengan Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah lebih baik dari pada siswa yang memperoleh pembelajaran konvensional. Keberhasilan siswa terhadap pelajaran matematika dengan Pembelajaran Berbasis Masalah serta terhadap soal-soal pemecahan masalah menunjukkan hasil yang baik.  

scholarly journals Analysis of the Ability of Junior High School Students to Solve the Physics Problems in Various Forms of Problem Representations

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
I Wayan Gede Sutirta ◽  
Muslimin Muslimin ◽  
Marungkil Pasaribu
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Problem Solving ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Junior High School Students ◽  
Problem Representation ◽  
School Students ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Physics Problems

This research is a descriptive study with a qualitative approach, which aims to describe the ability of junior high school students to solve physics problems in various forms of problem representation. The subjects in this study were the IX grade junior high school students in six Palu city schools. Respondents for interviews in the study amounted to 4 people for each form of problem representation, with the criteria of students who answered right, students who answered ± 50% correct, students who answered incorrectly, and who did not answer. The instrument used was a test of problem solving skills and interviews. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively including data reduction, presenting data and verification while descriptive analysis was performed by calculating the total score, calculating the percentage and categorizing problem solving abilities. The results obtained by the average ability of junior high school students to solve physics problems in various forms of problem representation 21.86% (less category), with the percentage of each form of representation ie verbal representation 36.09% (less category), image/picture representation 23.78% (less category), diagram representation 19.47% (poor category) and graphic representation 8.10% (poor category).

scholarly journals Application of Mathematical Problem Solving Sheets in Polya's Learning Strategy in Social Arithmetic Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 707-717
Author(s):  
Hastri Rosiyanti ◽  
Dyah Ayu Ratnaningsih ◽  
Herwina Bahar ◽  
Is wan ◽  
Fai sal
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Mathematics Learning ◽  
Mathematical Problem ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Mathematical Problem Solving ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Better Than

This research is motivated by the students 'mathematical problem solving ability is still low, because mathematics learning in the classroom is not built to hone problem solving skills and the student worksheets used do not help students in honing students' mathematical problem solving skills, so the writer applies Polya's learning strategy with the help of problem solving sheet on social arithmetic material. This study aims to describe the steps of implementing Polya's learning strategy with the help of problem solving sheets in solving mathematical problems in social arithmetic material and to test mathematical problem solving skills by applying Polya's learning strategies with the help of problem solving sheets is it better than not implementing learning strategies Polya. This research was conducted using a quasi experimental method, with a population of all students of class VII Junior High School 3 Cisauk, Indonesia. The sample was selected using purposive sampling technique, namely students of class VII-6 and grade VII-7. Collecting data on students' mathematical problem-solving abilities using the final test (posttest). The results showed that Polya's learning strategy with the help of problem solving sheets on social arithmetic material was implemented properly and in accordance with Polya's steps. Based on the statistical test, it shows that the mathematical problem solving ability of students whose learning applies Polya's learning strategy with the help of problem-solving sheets is better than students whose learning does not apply Polya's learning strategy on class VII social arithmetic material at SMP Negeri 3 Cisauk, Indonesia.

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