scholarly journals GENERATING RESPONSES IMMUNE IN CELLULAR AND HUMORAL TREATMENT WITH EPITOPE SPIKE, EPITOPE ENVELOPE PROTEIN, AND EPITOPE MEMBRANE PROTEIN SARS-COV-2, HONEY, SAUSSUREA LAPPA, AND NIGELLA SATIVA

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2s) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Sumarno Reto Prawiro ◽  
Meike Tiya Kusuma ◽  
Reyhan Amiruddin ◽  
Irma Nur Sukmawati ◽  
Yuyun Kusnaningrum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Envelope Protein ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Control Design ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Th 17 ◽  
Cellular Immune

Background:Covid-19 has become pandemic in the World, including Indonesia. Our last study showed that HSF could serve as an immunomodulator. Using the exact search, we found that the most immuno-dominant SARS-COV2 epitope, namely A spike protein epitope, B envelope protein epitope, and C membrane protein epitope, we concise to be HF Materials and Methods:We used to post only control design study and mice as an animal model. The research divided mice into four groups, and the first group as control received PBS as a placebo. The second, three, and last four groups gave HF, HSN, and HFHSN (combine HF and HSN). All of the regiment enters the mouth with a special sonde to reach the gastrointestinal organ. We gave HF every week three times and HSN once a day. After administration regiments for a long three weeks, we sacrificed the mice. We evaluated cellular immune responses that are Th-2, Th-17, and NK cells. We check for humoral immune response, TGF-β,IL-17A, IL-4, IgG,IL-4, β-defensin, and s-IgA. Results:Highest profile cellular immunity HF, HSN, and HFHSN were NK cell, Th-2 and Th-17, and the last NK cell, respectively. After that which in humoral immunity, the domination response IgG and IL-4 were HF. But HSN and HFHSN dominated for s-IgA and β-defensin production. By using the study Bio-Informatica, we found HF. Conclusion: If the results of this study are continued to the clinical trial level, it is necessary to recommend additional markers such as CTL (s-IgA and β-defensin in lung tissue)and CPE assay.

scholarly journals A highly specific assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in COVID-19 patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henning Zelba ◽  
David Worbs ◽  
Johannes Harter ◽  
Natalia Pieper ◽  
Christina Kyzirakos-Feger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune

Gaining detailed insights into the role of host immune responses in viral clearance is critical for understanding COVID-19 pathogenesis and future treatment strategies. While studies analyzing humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 were available rather early during the pandemic, cellular immunity came into focus of investigations just recently. For the present work, we have adapted a protocol, designed for the detection of rare neoantigen-specific Memory T cells in cancer patients for studying cellular immune responses against SARS-CoV-2. Both, CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were detected after 6 days of in vitro expansion using overlapping peptide libraries representing the whole viral protein. The assay readout was an Intracellular cytokine staining and flow cytometric analysis detecting four functional markers simultaneously (CD154, TNF, IL-2, IFN-γ). We were able to detect SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in 9 of 9 COVID-19 patients with mild symptoms. All patients had reactive T cells against at least one of 12 analyzed viral antigens and all patients had Spike-specific T cells. While some antigens were detected by CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, Membrane protein was mainly recognized by CD4+ T cells. Strikingly, we were not able to detect SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in 9 unexposed healthy individuals. We are presenting a highly specific protocol for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells. Our data confirmed the important role of cellular immune responses in understanding SARS-CoV-2 clearance. We showed that Spike is the most immunogenic antigen. We have introduced Membrane protein as interesting target for studying humoral immune responses in convalescent COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals mRNA vaccination in people over 80 years of age induces strong humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 with cross neutralization of P.1 Brazilian variant

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Parry ◽  
Gokhan Tut ◽  
Rachel Bruton ◽  
Sian Faustini ◽  
Christine Stephens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Antibody Responses ◽  
Vaccine Platform ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Vaccine Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune

Age is the major risk factor for mortality after SARS-CoV-2 infection and older people have received priority consideration for COVID-19 vaccination. However, vaccine responses are often suboptimal in this age group and few people over the age of 80 years were included in vaccine registration trials. We determined the serological and cellular response to spike protein in 100 people aged 80–96 years at 2 weeks after the second vaccination with the Pfizer BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. Antibody responses were seen in every donor with high titers in 98%. Spike-specific cellular immune responses were detectable in only 63% and correlated with humoral response. Previous SARS-CoV-2 infection substantially increased antibody responses after one vaccine and antibody and cellular responses remained 28-fold and 3-fold higher, respectively, after dual vaccination. Post-vaccine sera mediated strong neutralization of live Victoria infection and although neutralization titers were reduced 14-fold against the P.1 variant first discovered in Brazil they remained largely effective. These data demonstrate that the mRNA vaccine platform delivers strong humoral immunity in people up to 96 years of age and retains broad efficacy against the P.1 variant of concern.

scholarly journals Cure of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Resolution of Gastritis by Adoptive Transfer of Splenocytes in Mice

2001 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 1025-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn A. Eaton ◽  
Megan E. Mefford
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Adoptive Transfer ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Bacterial Colonization ◽  
Scid Mice ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Cellular Immune

ABSTRACT Vaccination suppresses Helicobacter pylori colonization but does not cure infection. Furthermore, postvaccination gastritis, likely induced by enhanced host response to residual colonization, may exacerbate disease. The goal of this study was to determine if adoptive transfer of C57BL/6 splenocytes to C57BL/6scid/scid (severe combined immunodeficient [SCID]) mice cures infection without exacerbating gastritis. H. pylori-infected and uninfected C57BL/6 mice and SCID recipients of normal splenocytes were killed at intervals between 5 and 51 weeks after infection. Colonization and gastritis were quantified, humoral immune responses were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and cellular immune responses were determined by delayed-type hypersensitivity response and by a proliferative response of cultured splenocytes to H. pylorisonicate. In infected C57BL/6 mice, gastritis developed gradually and bacterial colonization diminished but persisted throughout the experiment. In contrast, gastritis in infected recipient SCID mice developed rapidly and bacterial colonization decreased precipitously. Gastritis in those mice peaked 9 weeks after adoptive transfer, however, and began to resolve. By 45 weeks after transfer, gastritis had returned to background levels and bacteria were no longer detectable. Resolution of gastritis and elimination of infection were associated with a cellular but not humoral immune response to H. pylori antigens. These results demonstrate that although the host response fails to clear bacterial colonization in normal mice, enhanced cellular immune responses in recipient SCID mice are capable of clearing H. pylori infection and allowing resolution of gastritis. Thus, immune mechanisms of cure exist, and effective and safe vaccination protocols may be feasible.

scholarly journals Priming with Chlamydia trachomatis Major Outer Membrane Protein (MOMP) DNA followed by MOMP ISCOM Boosting Enhances Protection and Is Associated with Increased Immunoglobulin A and Th1 Cellular Immune Responses

2000 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 3074-3078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Dong-Ji ◽  
Xi Yang ◽  
Caixia Shen ◽  
Hong Lu ◽  
Andrew Murdin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Membrane Protein ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Outer Membrane Protein ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Major Outer Membrane Protein ◽  
Delayed Type Hypersensitivity ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune

ABSTRACT We previously reported that DNA vaccination was able to elicit cellular immune responses and partial protection againstChlamydia trachomatis infection. However, DNA immunization alone did not generate immune responses or protection as great as that induced by using live organisms. In this study, we evaluated the immunologic effects of a combinational vaccination approach usingC. trachomatis mouse pneumonitis (MoPn) major outer membrane protein (MOMP) DNA priming followed by boosting with immune-stimulating complexes (ISCOM) of MOMP protein (MOMP ISCOM) for protection of BALB/c mice against MoPn lung infection. Substantially better protection to challenge infection was observed in mice given combinational vaccination compared with mice given MOMP ISCOM immunization alone, and the protection approximated that induced by live organisms. Enhanced protection was correlated with stronger delayed-type hypersensitivity, higher levels of gamma interferon production, and increased immunoglobulin A antibody responses in lung homogenates. The results indicate that DNA priming followed by ISCOM protein boosting may be useful in designing a fully protective chlamydial vaccine.

scholarly journals Homologous prime-boost with Zika virus envelope protein and poly (I:C) induces robust specific humoral and cellular immune responses

Vaccine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (20) ◽  
pp. 3653-3664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Pires Amaral ◽  
Juliana de Souza Apostolico ◽  
Nádia Tomita ◽  
Fernanda Caroline Coirada ◽  
Victória Alves Santos Lunardelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Envelope Protein ◽  
Poly I:C ◽  
Virus Envelope ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Virus Envelope Protein ◽  
Cellular Immune

scholarly journals Reduced schedule of human anti rabies immunization with Fuenzalida & Palacios vaccine

1989 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Roberto Zanetti ◽  
Silvana Regina Favoretto ◽  
Milene Silva Tino ◽  
Avelino Albas ◽  
Elizabeth Juliana G. Valentini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Humoral Immune Response ◽  
The Other ◽  
Double Dose ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Lymphoblastic Transformation ◽  
Cellular Immune

The present study evaluates the humoral and cellular immune responses in 35 volunteers submited to short antirabies vaccination schedules with the Fuenzalida & Palacios vaccine based on the administration of doses on non consecutive days. The volunteers were divided into two groups. The first group received a total number of five doses given on days 0, 4, 7, 20 and 35. The other group received four doses, the first one being a double dose given on day 0 and than three other single doses on days 7, 20 and 35. The evaluation of humoral immune response was carried out by serum neutralization (SN) and indirect immunofluorescense (IIF) tests, while the cellular immune response was evaluated by lymphoblastic transformation assay (LTA) and skin test (ST). According to our results these reduced schedules elicited early and effective humoral and cellulafimmune responses to rabies antigen suggesting that new reduced schedules should be extensively studied in order to give the proper bases to the proposition of changes in the current long-term schedule.

scholarly journals Induction of humoral and cellular immune responses against the HIV-1 envelope protein using γ-retroviral virus-like particles

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tea Kirkegaard ◽  
Adam Wheatley ◽  
Jesper Melchjorsen ◽  
Shervin Bahrami ◽  
Finn S Pedersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Envelope Protein ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Effects of a multispecies synbiotic on intestinal mucosa immune responses

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alpha Fardah Athiyyah ◽  
Nur Aisiyah Widjaja ◽  
Pramira Fitri ◽  
Ariani Setiowati ◽  
Andy Darma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Streptococcus Thermophilus ◽  
Orogastric Tube ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Cellular Immune Responses ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Cellular Immune

Background and Objectives: Probiotics and prebiotics are known to regulate immune responses. A synbiotic is a product that combines probiotics and prebiotics in a single dosage form. In this study, we attempt to present the effects of a multispe- cies synbiotic on intestinal mucosa immune responses after exposure to Escherichia coli O55:B5 lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Materials and Methods: Totally 21 male Balb/c mice were randomly classified into two groups. The K-I group received LPS and a synbiotic, and the K-II group received LPS alone. The synbiotic was administered for 21 consecutive days, where- as LPS was administered once on the 15th day. Specifically, a synbiotic containing 1 × 109 colony forming units (CFUs) of the probiotic combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus PXN 35, L. casei subsp. casei PXN 37, L. rhamnosus PXN 54, L. bul- garicus PXN 39, Bifidobacterium breve PXN 25, B. infantis PXN 27 and Streptococcus thermophilus PXN 66 and the prebi- otic fructo-oligosaccharide was administered through an orogastric tube. Immunohistochemistry was performed to measure immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels for humoral immune responses and CD4+ and CD8+ levels for cellular immune responses. Results: An independent-samples t-test revealed significant increases of the numbers of IgA- (p = 0.027) and CD4-express- ing cells (p = 0.009) but not the number of CD8-expressing cells in the K-I group compared with those in the K-II group. Conclusion: The multispecies synbiotic had immunoregulatory effects on IgA and CD4 expression in LPS-exposed mice.

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