scholarly journals Another disappointing result, but how good is it?

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1426-1428
Author(s):  
Yasushi Goto
Keyword(s):  
Disappointing Result

scholarly journals Evaluation of Moxifloxacin-Containing Regimens in Pathologically Distinct Murine Tuberculosis Models

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 4026-4030 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si-Yang Li ◽  
Scott M. Irwin ◽  
Paul J. Converse ◽  
Khisi E. Mdluli ◽  
Anne J. Lenaerts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Strain ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Disappointing Result ◽  
Similar Treatment ◽  
Infection Models ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Aerosol Infection

ABSTRACTIn the recently concluded REMox-TB trial, two 4-month moxifloxacin-containing regimens did not meet the criteria for noninferiority compared to the current 6-month first-line regimen to treat tuberculosis (TB). Despite the disappointing result, this phase 3 clinical trial provides a rare opportunity to gauge the predictive accuracy of the nonclinical models used to support regimen development. In parallel with the REMox-TB trial, we compared the efficacy of the same three regimens against chronic TB infection in the commonly used BALB/c mouse strain and in C3HeB/FeJ mice, which have attracted recent interest as a nonclinical efficacy model because they develop caseous lung lesions which may better resemble human TB. In long-term treatment experiments at two institutions, using low-dose aerosol infection models with 6- to 8-week incubation periods in both mouse strains, control mice received rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol (RHZE), and test mice received the same regimen with moxifloxacin replacing isoniazid (RMZE) or ethambutol (RHZM). Outcome measures were lung CFU counts during treatment and relapse after various durations of treatment. At both institutions and in both mouse strains, RMZE and RHZM reduced by approximately 1 month and 0 to 1 month, respectively, the treatment duration needed to produce the same relapse rate as RHZE. These results demonstrating generally similar treatment-shortening effects of the moxifloxacin-containing regimens in each mouse strain, with effect sizes consistent with the REMox-TB trial results, reinforce the predictive value of murine models for TB regimen development.

A soil-site study for inland Douglas-fir

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 686-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Monserud ◽  
Ula Moody ◽  
David W. Breuer
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Type ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Western Montana ◽  
Disappointing Result ◽  
Site Factor ◽  
Soil Site ◽  
Northern Idaho ◽  
Factor Interactions

A soil-site study was conducted for inland Douglas-fir growing in northern Idaho and north western Montana. The hypothesis was that standard soil survey procedures would provide edaphic data that could predict site index in the absence of site trees. Soil profile descriptions and physical analyses were obtained on 133 plots, along with several physiographic site descriptors. Chemical analyses were performed on soil samples from a third of these plots, and moisture availability was determined on 60% of the plots. Site index was based on felled-tree stem analyses. Elevation was the strongest predictor, accounting for a third of the variation in site index. The addition of habitat type information resulted in a significant improvement (as did longitude and precipitation), but still left over half the variation unexplained. After examining numerous soil properties the standard error could only be reduced 0.3 m, a disappointing result in light of the considerable time and expense necessary for soil sampling. The causes of these low soil–site correlations could not be conclusively determined, but the most likely explanations are (i) that the number of important site factor interactions occurring in this large and complex study area far exceeded the sample size, and (ii) failure to measure the true causes of site productivity.

Simulation of the Intraseasonal Variance of the South American Summer Monsoon

2005 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-676 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasubandhu Misra
Keyword(s):  
Summer Monsoon ◽  
General Circulation ◽  
Intraseasonal Variability ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Longwave Radiation ◽  
Internal Variability ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
South American ◽  
The South ◽  
Disappointing Result

Abstract This study reveals the inadequacy of the Center for Ocean–Land–Atmosphere Studies (COLA) atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) and the National Centers for Environmental Prediction–National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP–NCAR) reanalysis to resolve the variance of the intraseasonal anomalies of outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) over the South American summer monsoon (SASM) domain and the equatorial eastern Pacific Ocean (EEPO) owing to their coarse horizontal resolution. However, when the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis is downscaled by roughly a factor of 2.5 using the Regional Spectral Model (RSM; control-A experiment), the simulation of the seasonal mean variance of intraseasonal anomalies of OLR improves significantly. But downscaling the results of the COLA AGCM (control-B experiment) by roughly a factor of 4 led to no further improvement. Using the novel technique of anomaly nesting, which replaces the climatology of the COLA AGCM of the nested variables at the lateral boundaries of the RSM with the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis climatology (AN experiment), the simulation of the intraseasonal variance of OLR improves significantly over control-B runs. This improvement is shown to coincide with a distinct diurnal variation of the intraseasonal scales displayed in the AN integrations, which compare reasonably well with control-A integrations. A disappointing result of this study is that the generated variance of intraseasonal anomalies of OLR in the AN integrations arises from the internal variability of the model. However, it is concluded that the systematic errors of the COLA AGCM imposed on RSM from the lateral boundary conditions suppress the generation of intraseasonal variability.

JURASSIC PETROLEUM SYSTEMS IN THE HOUTMAN SUB-BASIN, NORTHWESTERN OFFSHORE PERTH BASIN, WESTERN AUSTRALIA: A FRONTIER PETROLEUM PROVINCE ON THE DOORSTEP?

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.D. Gorter ◽  
D.J. Hearty ◽  
A.J. Bond
Keyword(s):  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Disappointing Result ◽  
Oil Migration ◽  
Petroleum Systems ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Southwestern Australia ◽  
Seismic Acquisition ◽  
Reservoir Sandstones ◽  
Coal Measures

The under-explored Houtman Sub-basin, a northwestern offshore extension of the hydrocarbon-productive Perth Basin of southwestern Australia, formed during Jurassic rifting of Gondwana. The sub-basin contains the ingredients for an exciting frontier petroleum province with typical rift architecture. Permian, Triassic and Jurassic petroleum systems are proven from the onshore region, with a productive Triassic-sourced hydrocarbon system recently demonstrated in the adjacent Abrolhos Sub-basin by the Cliff Head oil discovery, and several basal Triassic-sourced oil shows. Gas and oil shows from the Early to Middle Jurassic Cattamarra Coal Measures in Houtman–1, the only well drilled in the 32,000 km2 Houtman Sub-basin, are most likely sourced from the organic-rich Cattamarra Coal Measures and are sealed by intraformational shales and the overlying regional marine shale of the Cadda Formation. The disappointing result of Houtman–1 has coloured perceptions of the prospectivity of the Houtman Sub-basin. Despite this negativity, recent seismic acquisition and reprocessing have demonstrated the presence of large structural closures in the sub-basin that could contain substantial oil reserves as indicated by geochemical modelling of the Cattamarra Coal Measures source rocks. Analyses on GOI indicate a palaeo-oil zone at the top of the Cattamarra Coal Measures in Houtman–1 indicating that the gas-prone perception may not be true. QGF intensities from Houtman–1 suggest oil migration in sandstones beneath intra-formational seals in both the Late Jurassic Yarragadee Formation and the Cattamarra Coal Measures. In addition to reservoir sandstones, source rock intervals occur in the lower Yarragadee Formation, but regional sealing units in this formation are to be confirmed.

Brazil oil auctions fall short of expectations

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Investor ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Disappointing Result ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
The Government ◽  
Political Uncertainties ◽  
Dominant Operator

Subject Pre-salt oil auctions. Significance Two major oil auctions on November 6 and 7 frustrated the government’s expectations of achieving inflows of more than 110 billion reais (26.4 billion dollars). Major oil companies stayed away despite initial interest, and only three out of nine areas attracted bids. High prices, investments by state-controlled Petrobras in the areas and uncertainties about Brazil were key factors in the disappointing result. Impacts Petrobras will consolidate as the dominant operator of Brazil’s large oil reserves. Political uncertainties and high costs will continue to limit foreign investor enthusiasm. The government is likely to change the exploratory regime for future offshore auctions.

scholarly journals Barriers to obtaining reliable results from evaluations of teaching quality in undergraduate medical education

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zemiao Zhang ◽  
Qi Wu ◽  
Xinping Zhang ◽  
Juyang Xiong ◽  
Lan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Evaluation Process ◽  
Teaching Quality ◽  
Disappointing Result ◽  
Teaching Management ◽  
Operation Process ◽  
The Index System ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Background Medical education is characterized by numerous features that are different from other higher education programmes, and evaluations of teaching quality are an integral part of medical education. Although scholars have made extensive efforts to enhance the quality of teaching, various issues unrelated to teaching that interfere with the accuracy of evaluation results remain. The purpose of this study is to identify the barriers that prevent objective and reliable results from being obtained during the evaluation process. Methods This study used mixed methods (3 data sources) to collect opinions from different stakeholders. Based on purposive sampling, 16 experts familiar with teaching management and 12 s- and third-year students were invited to participate in interviews and discussions, respectively. Additionally, based on systematic random sampling, 74 teachers were invited to complete a questionnaire survey. All qualitative data were imported into NVivo software and analysed using thematic analysis in chronological order and based on grounded theory. Statistical analyses of the questionnaire results were conducted using SPSS software. Results Sixty-nine valid questionnaires (93.24%) were recovered. A total of 29 open codes were extracted, and 14 axial codes were summarized and divided into four selective codes: evaluation preparation, the index system, the operation process, and the consequences of evaluation. The main barriers to obtaining reliable evaluation results included inadequate attention, unreasonable weighting, poor teaching facilities, an index without pertinence and appropriate descriptions, bad time-points, incomplete information on the system, lagged feedback, and disappointing result application. Almost all participants suggested lowering the weight of students as subjects, with a weight of 50–60% being appropriate. Students showed dissatisfaction with evaluation software, and the participants disagreed over the definition of good teaching and the management of student attendance. Conclusions This study reveals the difficulties and problems in current evaluations of teaching in medical education. Collecting data from multiple stakeholders helps in better understanding the evaluation process. Educators need to be aware of various issues that may affect the final results when designing the evaluation system and interpreting the results. More research on solutions to these problems and the development of a reasonable evaluation system is warranted.

scholarly journals GUIDING THE IMPLEMENTATION OF QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS: A TOC APPROACH

2014 ◽  
pp. 289-295
Author(s):  
PAPIYA BHOWMIK ◽  
SUJIT KUMAR PATTANAYAK ◽  
SHIBAMAY MITRA
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Theory Of Constraints ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Disappointing Result ◽  
Better Than

Many research has shown that approximately 70% of every medium to large scale industries have some type of quality improvement (QI) program. Depending on various independent studies, researchers have concluded that only onefifth of all QI projects show attractive output. The reason for this disappointing result is most of the QI programs are not result oriented. The main aim of this paper is to elaborate the value of using the Theory of Constraints (TOC), so that a result-oriented QI program can be achieved with a better bottom-line impact, which will be better than the traditional cost based selection process.

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