Topical hemostatic agents for bone bleeding in humans. A quantitative comparison of gelatin paste, gelatin sponge plus bovine thrombin, and microfibrillar collagen.

1978 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
W H Harris ◽  
O D Crothers ◽  
B J Moyen ◽  
R B Bourne
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Comparison ◽  
Gelatin Sponge ◽  
Bovine Thrombin ◽  
Hemostatic Agents

scholarly journals GELFOAM INDUCED CAUDA EQUINA SYNDROME: A CASE REPORT WITH REVIEW OF LITERATURE

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Nazim Mughal ◽  
Deepankar Mishra ◽  
Ajay Srivastava ◽  
Nikhat Naaz
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Surgery ◽  
Cauda Equina Syndrome ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Neurological Complications ◽  
Lumbar Discectomy ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Gelatin Sponge ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Hemostatic Agents ◽  
Dural Sac

Gelatin sponge (Gelfoam) is quite often used for haemostasis during spine surgery. However due to its property of osmotic expansion after coming in contact with blood, it has the potential to cause serious complications as a result of compression of nearby vital neurological tissues. We report a case of cauda equina syndrome due to retained Gelfoam during spinal surgery. A 35 year old female patient presented with complaints of pain and numbness in lower limbs for 5 months. MRI was suggestive of disc herniation at L4/L5. Lumbar discectomy was done and gelfoam was used for haemostasis. However, patient developed post-operative neurological complications suggestive of cauda equina syndrome. MRI showed gelfoam induced compression of dural sac. Gelfoam removal was done after which marked improvement in symptoms was observed. Conclusion: Hemostatic agents like Gelfoam which are often used during surgeries have the potential to cause compression of vital structures. Therefore, these should be removed once haemostatic control is accomplished and if it is to be retained, prompt post operatively monitoring is essential.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Hemostatic Effect of a Combination of Hemostatic Agents and Fibrin Glue in a Rabbit Venous Hemorrhage Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsumi Takizawa ◽  
Daiki Okazaki ◽  
Yoshitaka Takegawa ◽  
Yuki Koga ◽  
Masataka Sagata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fibrin Glue ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Gelatin Sponge ◽  
Oxidized Cellulose ◽  
Bleeding Point ◽  
Hemostatic Agents ◽  
Hemostatic Effect ◽  
Value Range ◽  
Group 2

Abstract BackgroundIn neurosurgery, it is important to use local hemostatic agents. We have explored a more powerful method of hemostasis by the combination of commercially available hemostatic agents with fibrin glue in the hopes of synergistic effects.MethodA bleeding model was constructed by puncturing the rabbit posterior vena cava with a needle. After applying the sample to the bleeding point, compression was performed for 10 seconds. If temporary hemostasis was achieved after pressure release, a 30 second wash was performed to confirm that ultimate hemostasis was achieved. Up to three hemostasis attempts were performed on the same bleeding point until hemostasis was achieved, and the number of attempts required for hemostasis was counted. If hemostasis was not achieved after three attempts, it was counted as four times. Four groups were evaluated: (1) gelatin sponge alone, (2) gelatin sponge + fibrin glue, (3) oxidized cellulose alone, and (4) oxidized cellulose + fibrin glue; each group was tested 16 times.ResultsThe median value (range minimum value–maximum value) of the number of hemostatic attempts in Group 1 to Group 4 was 3 (1–4), 1 (1–1), 4 (4–4), and 4 (2–4). In Group 2, there were two test exclusions owing to deviations of the test procedure.ConclusionsThe compatibility of gelatin sponge and fibrin glue was very good, with a very strong and rapid hemostatic effect compared to other methods, showed its usefulness. This combination method may be effective for a variety of venous hemorrhages in neurosurgery.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the hemostatic effect of a combination of hemostatic agents and fibrin glue in a rabbit venous hemorrhage model

BMC Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsumi Takizawa ◽  
Daiki Okazaki ◽  
Yoshitaka Takegawa ◽  
Yuki Koga ◽  
Masataka Sagata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fibrin Glue ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Gelatin Sponge ◽  
Oxidized Cellulose ◽  
Bleeding Point ◽  
Hemostatic Agents ◽  
Hemostatic Effect

Abstract Background In neurosurgery, it is important to use local hemostatic agents. We have explored a more powerful method of hemostasis by the combination of commercially available hemostatic agents with fibrin glue in the hopes of synergistic effects. Method A bleeding model was constructed by puncturing the rabbit posterior vena cava with a needle. After applying the sample to the bleeding point, compression was performed for 10 s. If temporary hemostasis was achieved after pressure release, a 30 s wash was performed to confirm that ultimate hemostasis was achieved. Up to three hemostasis attempts were performed on the same bleeding point until hemostasis was achieved, and the number of attempts required for hemostasis was counted. If hemostasis was not achieved after three attempts, it was counted as four times. Four groups were evaluated: (1) gelatin sponge alone, (2) gelatin sponge + fibrin glue, (3) oxidized cellulose alone, and (4) oxidized cellulose + fibrin glue; each group was tested 16 times. Results The median value (range minimum value–maximum value) of the number of hemostatic attempts in Group 1 to Group 4 was 3 (1–4), 1 (1–1), 4 (4–4), and 4 (2–4). In Group 2, there were two test exclusions owing to deviations of the test procedure. Conclusions The compatibility of gelatin sponge and fibrin glue was very good, with a very strong and rapid hemostatic effect compared to other methods, showed its usefulness. This combination method may be effective for a variety of venous hemorrhages in neurosurgery.

scholarly journals Factor V Inhibitors: A Diagnostic and Therapeutic Challenge

2017 ◽  
Vol 141 (12) ◽  
pp. 1728-1731 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Olson ◽  
Deborah L. Ornstein
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Coagulation Factor ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Bovine Thrombin ◽  
Hemostatic Agents ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Coagulation Factor V

Historically, inhibitors to coagulation factor V (FV) most often have developed in patients treated with bovine thrombin, a topical hemostatic agent used during surgical procedures. With the advent of newer hemostatic agents, and the concurrent diminished use of bovine thrombin, the incidence of FV inhibitors has fallen. Nevertheless, FV inhibitors are occasionally seen on an idiopathic basis as well as in association with medications, malignancies, autoimmune disorders, pregnancy, and infections. Factor V inhibitors may present with life-threatening bleeding or thrombosis, or they may be discovered incidentally as a coagulation screening test abnormality. Management of patients with FV inhibitors is challenging and consists of control of bleeding and eradication of the inhibitor. In this short overview we review the role of platelet and plasma FV in hemostasis and discuss the unique characteristics, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis associated with FV inhibitors.

Toward an alignment of the actin molecule within the actin filament

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 450-451
Author(s):  
P.R. Smith ◽  
W.E. Fowler ◽  
U. Aebi
Keyword(s):  
Actin Filament ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Quantitative Estimate ◽  
Molecular Model ◽  
Quantitative Comparison ◽  
Regulatory Proteins ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Maximum Resolution ◽  
Lack Of Information

An understanding of the specific interactions of actin with regulatory proteins has been limited by the lack of information about the structure of the actin filament. Molecular actin has been studied in actin-DNase I complexes by single crystal X-ray analysis, to a resolution of about 0.6nm, and in the electron microscope where two dimensional actin sheets have been reconstructed to a maximum resolution of 1.5nm. While these studies have shown something of the structure of individual actin molecules, essential information about the orientation of actin in the filament is still unavailable.The work of Egelman & DeRosier has, however, suggested a method which could be used to provide an initial quantitative estimate of the orientation of actin within the filament. This method involves the quantitative comparison of computed diffraction data from single actin filaments with diffraction data derived from synthetic filaments constructed using the molecular model of actin as a building block. Their preliminary work was conducted using a model consisting of two juxtaposed spheres of equal size.

The quantitative comparison of experimental and simulated diffraction contrast images

1995 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 102-103
Author(s):  
Stuart McKernan
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Personal Computer ◽  
Close Agreement ◽  
Quantitative Comparison ◽  
Image Simulation ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
Diffraction Contrast ◽  
Simulated Images ◽  
Made In

For many years the concept of quantitative diffraction contrast experiments might have consisted of the determination of dislocation Burgers vectors using a g.b = 0 criterion from several different 2-beam images. Since the advent of the personal computer revolution, the available computing power for performing image-processing and image-simulation calculations is enormous and ubiquitous. Several programs now exist to perform simulations of diffraction contrast images using various approximations. The most common approximations are the use of only 2-beams or a single systematic row to calculate the image contrast, or calculating the image using a column approximation. The increasing amount of literature showing comparisons of experimental and simulated images shows that it is possible to obtain very close agreement between the two images; although the choice of parameters used, and the assumptions made, in performing the calculation must be properly dealt with. The simulation of the images of defects in materials has, in many cases, therefore become a tractable problem.

Thromboelastometie overestimate the need for hemostatic agents

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (S 01) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.H. Kiessling ◽  
K. Gillen ◽  
A. Beiras-Fernandez ◽  
A. Kornberger ◽  
A. Zierer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemostatic Agents

Immunologic Assessment of Patients Treated with Bovine Fibrin as a Hemostatic Agent

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (06) ◽  
pp. 0925-0931 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F Carroll ◽  
Keith A Moskowitz ◽  
Niloo M Edwards ◽  
Thomas J Hickey ◽  
Eric A Rose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Human Fibrinogen ◽  
Bovine Thrombin ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Clinically Significant

SummaryTwenty-one cardiothoracic surgical patients have been treated with fibrin as a topical hemostatic/sealing agent, prepared from bovine fibrinogen clotted with bovine thrombin. Serum samples have been collected before treatment with fibrin and postoperatively between 1 and 9 days, 3 and 12 weeks, and 6 and 8 months. The titers of anti-bovine fibrinogen antibodies, measured by ELISA specific for immunoglobulins IgG or IgM, increased to maximal values after about 8 or 6 weeks, respectively. After 8 months, IgG titers were on average 20-fold lower than the mean maximal value, while IgM titers returned to the normal range. IgG was the predominant anti-bovine fibrinogen immunoglobulin as documented by ELISA, affinity chromatography and electrophoresis. Anti-bovine fibrinogen antibodies present in patients reacted readily with bovine fibrinogen, but did not cross-react with human fibrinogen as measured by ELISA or by immunoelectrophoresis. A significant amount of antibodies against bovine thrombin and factor V has been found, many cross-reacting with the human counterparts. No hemorrhagic or thrombotic complications, or clinically significant allergic reactions, occurred in any patient, in spite of antibody presence against some bovine and human coagulation factors. The treatment of patients with bovine fibrin, without induction of immunologic response against human fibrinogen, appeared to be an effective topical hemostatic/sealing measure.

The Effects of Amines on the Esterase Activities of Thrombin and Thrombokinase and on Several Clotting Tests

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (02) ◽  
pp. 309-318
Author(s):  
Phyllis S Roberts ◽  
Raphael M Ottenbrite ◽  
Patricia B Fleming ◽  
James Wigand
Keyword(s):  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Bovine Thrombin ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Human Proteins ◽  
Rate Of Hydrolysis ◽  
The One ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Esters ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Summary1. Choline chloride, 0.1 M (in 0.25 M Tris. HCl buffer, pH 7.4 or 8.0, 37°), doubles the rate of hydrolysis of TAME by bovine thrombokinase but has no effect on the hydrolysis of this ester by either human or bovine thrombin. Only when 1.0 M or more choline chloride is present is the hydrolysis of BAME by thrombokinase or thrombin weakly inhibited. Evidence is presented that shows that these effects are due to the quaternary amine group.2. Tetramethyl ammonium bromide or chloride has about the same effects on the hydrolysis of esters by these enzymes as does choline chloride but tetra-ethyl, -n.propyl and -n.butyl ammonium bromides (0.1 M) are stronger accelerators of the thrombokinase-TAME reaction and they also accelerate, but to a lesser degree, the thrombin-TAME reaction. In addition, they inhibit the hydrolysis of BAME by both enzymes. Their effects on these reactions, however, do not follow any regular order. The tetraethyl compound is the strongest accelerator of the thrombokinase-TAME reaction but the tetra-ethyl and -butyl compounds are the strongest accelerators of the thrombin-TAME reaction. The ethyl and propyl compounds are the best (although weak) inhibitors of the thrombokinase-BAME and the propyl compound of the thrombin-BAME reactions.3. Tetra-methyl, -ethyl, -n.propyl and -n.butyl ammonium bromides (0.01 M) inhibit the clotting of fibrinogen by thrombin (bovine and human proteins) at pH 7.4, imidazole or pH 6.1, phosphate buffers and they also inhibit, but to a lesser degree, a modified one-stage prothrombin test. In all cases the inhibition increases regularly as the size of the alkyl group increases from methyl to butyl. Only the ethyl com pound (0.025 M but not 0.01 M), however, significantly inhibits the polymerization of bovine fibrin monomers. It was concluded that inhibition of the fibrinogen-thrombin and the one-stage tests by the quaternary amines is not due to any effect of the com pounds on the polymerization process but probably due to inhibition of thrombin’s action on fibrinogen by the quaternary amines.

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