scholarly journals What did Iliya Mechnikov explored in his PhD Thesis?

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
K. V. Rusanov
Keyword(s):  
Nobel Prize Winner ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Prominent Researcher ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The University ◽  
Phd Thesis ◽  
University Council ◽  
Scientific Life

Scientific activity of Ilia I. Mechnikov (1845–1916), Nobel Prize winner was discussed in a large number of publications whereas some of his scientific life remains obscure. In particular, what did the researcher write in his doctoral dissertation “The study of Fabricia of the Northern Sea” submitted to the Imperial Kharkov University? This work evidences that in 1864 the University Council, under the active participation of Prof. A. F. Maslovsky, approved and validated I. I. Mechnikov’s PhD Thesis and awarded him PhD Degree in nat- ural sciences. The manuscript is considered lost, its content hence unknown; the pertinent publications in Russian do not hold a guess about the taxon of marine organisms the prominent researcher explored. Having surveyed all available literature, the following hypothesis are proposed: 1) after studying annelid Fabricia sabella at Helgoland island in summer 1864, I. I. Mechnikov included results of the investigation in the dissertation which he sent to Kharkov not later than in September; 2) the manuscript was hand-written, the number of its copies – very limited; 3) when the applicant was temporary absent, he and Prof. A. F. Maslovsky were in correspondence about the forthcoming defense and the related procedure; and 4) in the beginning of 1865, the PhD Thesis of I. I. Mechnikov together with other related documentation were sent to the Department of Public Education. In conclusion, the pertinent information retrieval was explaned.

scholarly journals Analysis of the dynamics of the publication activity of the university in terms of employee categories

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 566-576
Author(s):  
Evgeny A. Pitukhin ◽  
◽  
Olga A. Zyateva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Transition Probabilities ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Publication Activity ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Management Scenarios ◽  
Statistical Estimates ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
The University

Introduction. In recent years, the goal of the state policy in the field of science and higher education was to make the universities occupy competing positions in international assessment systems, including scientific potential. Therefore, the universities need constructive solutions able to ensure the growth of the corresponding indicators. The purpose of the research is to analyze the dynamics of the publication activity of the university staff. Materials and methods. Data on the number of publications of university employees in the world's leading scientometric databases Web of Science and Scopus for the period from 2000-2020 served as the research materials. The study used classification, descriptive statistics and comparative data analysis. Research results. The categories of the teaching staff were determined, which to a greater extent affect the publication activity of the institution as a whole. As a result of a comparative analysis, all employees were divided into four categories according to the type of work (full-time teaching staff, external part-time workers, internal part-time workers and non-teaching staff), as well as into 6 groups depending on the number of publications ("0", "1-2", "3-4","5-6","7-8", "> 9"). The probabilities were calculated and matrices of statistical estimates of the transitions of employees of various categories from one group to another for each status were formed (the employees who continue to work at the university, newly hired or dismissed during the year). It was revealed that the drivers of scientific activity are the full-time teaching staff, except for those included in the group "0". Discussion and conclusion. The obtained matrices of transition probabilities will form the basis for modeling the number of employees in various groups and predicting the total number of publications of an institution. As a result, it will be possible not only to predict the total number of articles of the university while maintaining current trends, but also to consider various management scenarios in order to improve efficiency and meet the goals of the institution. This will help universities not only conduct self-analysis, but also manage the performance indicators of the institutions and departments, in terms of the growth of publication activity results.

scholarly journals DRIVERS OF SCIENTIFIC-TECHNOLOGICAL PRODUCTION IN BRAZILIAN HIGHER EDUCATION AND RESEARCH INSTITUTIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Gabriela Pinheiro Duarte ◽  
Eduardo Gonçalves ◽  
Flávia Chein ◽  
Juliana Gonçalves Taveira
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Administrative Personnel ◽  
Technological Production ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
The University

ABSTRACT This article estimates a knowledge production function for Brazilian universities, relating their inputs of scientific activity, such as the total of academic and administrative personnel and investments in scientific research, among others, to their outputs, such as the number of publications and patents. The article applies econometric models for count data, such as the Negative Binomial, for the 2003-2011 period. The overall results show that the main determinants of Brazilian scientific and technological production are the size of the university, its nature (whether public or private), the ratio of teaching staff and graduate students, and total investments in research and research support.

In Memoriam. Professor Stefan ERNST

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 665-666
Author(s):  
Mirosław Chorazewski
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Unexpected Death ◽  
Uranyl Compounds ◽  
Liquid Phases ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
In Memoriam ◽  
The University ◽  
Phd Thesis ◽  
Molecular Acoustics

Abstract It is with great sadness that we inform our readers about the recent death of Professor Stefan Ernst. Stefan Ernst was born in Piaśniki, Upper Silesia, on November 03, 1934, to parents of Polish-German descent. His primary education started during the war at a German-speaking school in Wirek and continued in Olesno, where he also got his secondary education. As chemistry studies were not yet available at the University ofWrocław in 1953, he started studying biology and switched to chemistry a year later. He received his master’s degree in chemistry in 1959, as one of the first graduates in that major. Then, he started his work on application of thermodynamics and molecular acoustics in investigation of liquid phases under the guidance of the Prof. Bogusława Jeżowska-Trzebiatowska. On 28 November 1967, he defended his PhD thesis entitled “Association-Dissociation Equilibria and the Structure of Uranyl Compounds in Organic Solvents” at the University of Wrocław. Professor Stefan Ernst was a linguist, a polyglot, a renowned thermodynamisist and a researcher of molecular acoustics. With great regret and shock we have learned of his sudden and unexpected death on August 03, 2014, in a hospital in Kraków.

DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC AND RESEARCH WORK OF STUDENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY IN ENGLISH CLASSES

2020 ◽  
pp. 141-149
Author(s):  
Tat'yana V. Baranova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
State University ◽  
English Classes ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Objective Reasoning ◽  
Oriental Studies ◽  
The University

The present article is dedicated to the problems of the organization and planning of scientific and research work of students of the University in English classes, gives grounds for the purposes and tasks of such competence-forming activity as part of the “Oriental studies” speciality program, the Russian State University for the Humanities. The article analyzes these competences, as well as forms and methods of their formation and development. The author presents demarcation of scientific knowledge and gives its characteristics: using most general qualities of a subject, objective reasoning, argumentativeness, results verifiability and reproducibility, consistency, practicality, capability to change, anticipating the future, making forecasts, methodological reflection. The author tried to analyze the reflexive component of scientific and research work of students in more detail. The article presents possible reflexive positions in the interaction between the teacher and the student and shows the dynamics of this interaction, i.e. gives a hierarchy of positions which the student can occupy in the educational process depending on how independent they are in their activity. The article also highlights the content of scientific and research work of students of the University in English classes on the basis of work with foreign texts in the macro-discourse for the “Oriental studies” speciality. The given foundations of the organization and content of scientific and research work of students have been regularly used in English language classes, as well as in optional forms of scientific activity. The students have shown good results and passion for this kind of work, which confirms the correctness of this approach.

PROFESSORS' PERCEPTION OF SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY IN THE FACULTY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF GUAYAQUIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
Jorge Daher Nader ◽  
Amelia Patricia Panunzio ◽  
Marlene Hernández Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Research ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
University Environment ◽  
Empirical Level ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Scientific Nature ◽  
The University

Research is considered a function aimed at obtaining new knowledge and its application for the solution to problems or questions of a scientific nature, The universities framed in the fulfillment of their social function have a complex task given by training a competent professional who assumes research as part of their training and who learns to ask questions that they are able to solve through scientific research.  Scientific research is an indicator of the quality of processes in the university environment, so it must be increased by virtue of the results of the work carried out by research teachers and students the objective of this work is to know the perception of the teachers of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the University of Guayaquil about the scientific activity. Objective: to know the perception of the teachers of the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the University of Guayaquil about the scientific activity. Methods: theoretical and empirical level were used, a questionnaire with closed questions aimed at knowing the opinions on the research activity in this institution was applied. Result: that of the sample analyzed 309 (39.3%) said they agreed with the training for the writing of scientific articles. 38.6% said they agree with the training on research projects. Conclusion: that teacher’s research should be enhanced to ensure the formation and development of research skills in students.

Astrobiology in Brazil: early history and perspectives

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Rodrigues ◽  
Douglas Galante ◽  
Ivan G. Paulino-Lima ◽  
Rubens T.D. Duarte ◽  
Amancio C.S. Friaça ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Formal Group ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
Funding Agencies ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Review Reports ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
Brazilian History ◽  
The University

AbstractThis review reports the Brazilian history in astrobiology, as well as the first delineation of a vision of the future development of the field in the country, exploring its abundant biodiversity, highly capable human resources and state-of-the-art facilities, reflecting the last few years of stable governmental investments in science, technology and education, all conditions providing good perspectives on continued and steadily growing funding for astrobiology-related research. Brazil is growing steadily and fast in terms of its worldwide economic power, an effect being reflected in different areas of the Brazilian society, including industry, technology, education, social care and scientific production. In the field of astrobiology, the country has had some important landmarks, more intensely after the First Brazilian Workshop on Astrobiology in 2006. The history of astrobiology in Brazil, however, is not so recent and had its first occurrence in 1958. Since then, researchers carried out many individual initiatives across the country in astrobiology-related fields, resulting in an ever growing and expressive scientific production. The number of publications, including articles and theses, has particularly increased in the last decade, but still counting with the effort of researchers working individually. That scenario started to change in 2009, when a formal group of Brazilian researchers working with astrobiology was organized, aiming at congregating the scientific community interested in the subject and to promote the necessary interactions to achieve a multidisciplinary work, receiving facilities and funding from the University de Sao Paulo and other funding agencies.

NEWS AND ANNOUNCEMENTS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-322
Keyword(s):  
Los Angeles ◽  
University Of Pennsylvania ◽  
University Of Southern California ◽  
Helping Professions ◽  
University Policy ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Curriculum Vitae ◽  
Piagetian Theory ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
The University

Advertisement of Professorship: In accordance with University policy, the School of Medicine of the University of Pennsylvania invites qualified persons to apply for the position of Professor and Chairman of the Department of Pediatrics. A complete curriculum vitae and bibliography, together with any other pertinent information, should be sent to: Office of the Dean, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, for the attention of the Chairman of the Pediatric Search Committee. Conference of Piacetian Theory: The University Affiliated Program at Children's Hospital of Los Angeles and the School of Education of the University of Southern California will sponsor a conference entitled Piagetian Theory: The Helping Professions and the School Age Child on February 16, 1973.

scholarly journals The academic productivity and impact of the University of Toronto Neurosurgery Program as assessed by manuscripts published and their number of citations

2015 ◽  
Vol 123 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher S. Lozano ◽  
Joseph Tam ◽  
Abhaya V. Kulkarni ◽  
Andres M. Lozano
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Gini Coefficients ◽  
Academic Activity ◽  
University Of Toronto ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
The University ◽  
Number Of Citations ◽  
The Impact

OBJECT Recent works have assessed academic output across neurosurgical programs using various analyses of accumulated citations as a proxy for academic activity and productivity. These assessments have emphasized North American neurosurgical training centers and have largely excluded centers outside the United States. Because of the long tradition and level of academic activity in neurosurgery at the University of Toronto, the authors sought to compare that program's publication and citation metrics with those of established programs in the US as documented in the literature. So as to not rely on historical achievements that may be of less relevance, they focused on recent works, that is, those published in the most recent complete 5-year period. METHODS The authors sought to make their data comparable to existing published data from other programs. To this end, they compiled a list of published papers by neurosurgical faculty at the University of Toronto for the period from 2009 through 2013 using the Scopus database. Individual author names were disambiguated; the total numbers of papers and citations were compiled on a yearly basis. They computed a number of indices, including the ih(5)-index (i.e., the number of citations the papers received over a 5-year period), the summed h-index of the current faculty over time, and a number of secondary measures, including the ig(5), ie(5), and i10(5)-indices. They also determined the impact of individual authors in driving the results using Gini coefficients. To address the issue of author ambiguity, which can be problematic in multicenter bibliometric analyses, they have provided a source dataset used to determine the ih(5) index for the Toronto program. RESULTS The University of Toronto Neurosurgery Program had approximately 29 full-time surgically active faculty per year (not including nonneurosurgical faculty) in the 5-year period from 2009 to 2013. These faculty published a total of 1217 papers in these 5 years. The total number of citations from these papers was 13,434. The ih(5)-index at the University of Toronto was 50. CONCLUSIONS On the basis of comparison with published bibliometric data of US programs, the University of Toronto ranks first in terms of number of publications, number of citations, and ih(5)-index among neurosurgical programs in North America and most likely in the world.

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