scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMOTONGAN BUNGA, PUCUK DAN PENGHENTIAN PENAMBAHAN CAHAYA PADA TANAMAN MENTHA (Mentha piperita L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
ROSIHAN ROSMAN ◽  
SRI SETYATI HARJAD ◽  
SUGENG SUDIATSO ◽  
SUDIRMAN YAHYA ◽  
BAMBANG SAPTA PURWOKO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Peppermint Oil ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Terminal Bud ◽  
Medicinal Crops ◽  
Normal Light ◽  
Experimental Garden

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh pemotongan bunga, pucuk<br />dan penghentian pencahayaan pada tanaman M. piperita L. Penelitian<br />dilakukan di Instalasi Penelitian Lembang, Balai Penelitian Tanaman<br />Rempah dan Obat, Jawa Barat, dari bulan Januari sampai Juli 2000, dalam<br />dua tahap : tahap pertama membuat variasi lingkungan cahaya dan habitus<br />tanaman, dan tahap kedua penyulingan dan analisis komponen minyak<br />dengan kromatografi gas spektrometer massa. Penelitian menggunakan<br />tanaman yang tidak berbunga akibat panjang hari normal dan tanaman<br />berbunga akibat penambahan cahaya empat jam, pukul 18.00-22.00 mulai<br />umur 30 hari. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok 5<br />perlakuan, yaitu B 0 (tanaman berbunga dibiarkan), B 1 (tanaman berbunga<br />dipotong bunganya), B 2 (tanaman berbunga diletakkan pada kondisi<br />normal), B 3  (tanaman tidak berbunga dibiarkan), dan B 4 (tanaman tidak<br />berbunga dipotong pucuk). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa<br />pemotongan bunga meningkatkan mentol dan menekan menthofuran.<br />Penghentian penambahan cahaya 4 jam pada tanaman berbunga<br />menjadikan tanaman merunduk, kadar mentol menurun dan menthofuran<br />meningkat. Pemotongan pucuk dapat menurunkan kandungan mentol dan<br />meningkatkan kandungan menthofuran.<br />Kata kunci : Mentha, Mentha piperita L., pemotongan bunga, pucuk,<br />pencahayaan, kandungan mentol, kandungan menthofuran</p><p><br />ABSTRACT<br />The effect of inflorescent pinching , bud pinching, and<br />normal light period on peppermint (Mentha piperita L)<br />Experiment on the effect of pinching the inflorescent, pinching the<br />bud, and normal light period on peppermint (Mentha piperita L) was<br />carried out at the experimental garden Lembang of Research Institute for<br />Spice and Medicinal Crops, West Java, from January to July, 2000. The<br />study was conducted with two steps i.e. The first step was manipulation of<br />photo period using TL lamps and the second step was distillation and<br />analisis of peppermint oil from their products with gas chromatography<br />and mass spectrometry. The experiment, 5 treatments were given i.e.<br />using long day treated plants, 3 treatments are given i.e. control, pinching<br />the inflorescent and with holding light supplement (four hours light<br />supplement at the age of 30 days), and using control plants, 2 treaments<br />are given i.e. no pinching and pinching of terminal bud (control or normal<br />light period). The result showed that pinching the inflorescent elevate the<br />menthol and reduce the menthofuran content. Pinching the bud of non<br />flowering plants can reduce the menthol and increase the menthofuran<br />content.<br />Key words : Peppermint, Mentha piperita L, inflorescent pinching, bud,<br />pinching, light period, menthol content, menthofuran content</p>

scholarly journals PENGARUH PERIODE PENCAHAYAAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN, HASIL DAN KOMPONEN MINYAK TANAMAN MENTHA (Mentha piperita L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
ROSIHAN ROSMAN ◽  
SRI SETYATI HARJADI ◽  
SUGENG SUDIATSO ◽  
SUDIRMAN YAHYA ◽  
BAMBANG SAPTA PURWOKO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Yield ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Peppermint Oil ◽  
Growth Morphology ◽  
Medicinal Crops ◽  
Normal Light ◽  
Vegetative And Reproductive Growth ◽  
Effect Of Light

<p>Penelitian yang betujuan mcngkaji pengaruh periode pcncahayaan terhadap petumbuhan, hasil dan komponen minyak tanaman M. piperita L, telah dilakukan di Instalasi Penelitian Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat, Lembang, Jawa Barat, dai bulan Januari 2000 hingga Juli 2000. Penelitian dilakukan dua tahap. Tahap pertama membuat variasi lingkungan cahaya dan tahap kedua penyulingan dan analisis komponen minyak dengan kromatograi gas spektrometer massa. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok 5 perlakuan, yaitu I^&gt; (panjang hari normal sebagai kontrol), L, (pemutusan periode gelap 1 jam, pukul 21.00-22.00 mulai umur 30 hari), Lj (pemutusan peiode gelap 1 jam, pukul 21.00-22.00 mulai umur 60 hai), Lj (penambahan cahaya 4 jam, pukul 18.00-22.00 mulai umur 30 hai), dan U (penambahan cahaya 4 jam, pukul 18.00-22.00 mulai umur 60 hari). Hasil penelitian menunjuk¬ kan bahwa perubahan lingkungan mengubah fcnologi tanaman M. piperita L, meliputi petumbuhan vegetatif dan reproduktif, yang selanjutnya mempengaruhi sintesis menthol. Penambahan cahaya 4 jam mulai umur 30 hari setelah tanam (Li) memberikan petumbuhan vegetatif dan reproduktif paling baik, dengan ciri-ciri morfologi tanaman sebagai berikut tanaman berbunga, batang tegak (tidak rebah), tanaman tinggi, diameter batang besar, jumlah ruas banyak, stolon sedikit, jumlah daun banyak dan lebar. Fcnologi tanaman yang mcmiliki petumbuhan vegetatif dan reproduktif yang baik dapat menghasilkan produksi tema dan minyak yang tinggi. Perubahan fcnologi tanaman akibat manipulasi lingkungan mengubah komponen minyak dan mutu menthol. Fcnologi tanaman yang memiliki petumbuhan vegetatif maupun reproduktif yang baik menghasil¬ kan menthol tinggi dan menthofuran rendah. Penambahan cahaya 4 jam mulai umur 30 hari setelah tanam menghasilkan minyak dengan kadar menthol paling tinggi yaitu 54.89% dan menthofuran paling rendah yaitu 7.83%.<br /><br />Kata kunci: Hasil, komponen, minyak peppermint, Mentha piperita L., peiode pcncahayaan</p><p> </p><p><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p>Effect ofphotoperiod on the growth, yield and component ofpeppermint oil<br /><br />Research on the effect of photoperiod on the growth, yield and component of peppermints oil of M. piperita, was carried out in the expeimental garden of the Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops, Lembang West Java, from January to July, 2000. The study was conducted in two steps, i.e. The irst step was manipulation of photo peiod using TL lamps and the second step was distillation and analisis of peppermint oil from their products with gas chromatography and mass spectromctry. The experiment used ive treatments, i.e. (1) control or normal light peiod, (2) four hours light supplement at the age of 30 days and 60 days ater planting, and (3) one hour interruption of dark peiod at the age of 30 days and 60 days. The result showed that the changes in light peiod affected the phenology of the crop. Four hours light supplement at the age of 30 days gave the best vegetative and reproductive growth (morphology of Mentha piperita i.e. flowering, erect stem, tall, wide, large stem, more internodes, leafy, and developed only few stolons). This morphology also resulted in the highest resh mateial and oil product. The change of phenology as the effect of light peiode manipulation could change oil component and inally the quality of menthol. Four hours light supplement at 30 days ater planting showed (he highest menthol content (54.89%) and the lowest menthofuran (7.83%).<br /><br />Keywords: Mentha piperita L., component, photoperiod, yield, peppermint oil</p>

scholarly journals BIOSINTESIS MENTHOL PADA BERBAGAI PERIODE PENCAHAYAAN TANAMAN MENTHA (Mentha piperita L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
ROSIHAN ROSMAN
Keyword(s):  
No Reduction ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
West Java ◽  
Period 2 ◽  
Normal Light

ABSTRAK<br />Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji mekanisme sintesis menthol<br />pada berbagai periode pencahayaan tanaman M. piperita L. Penelitian<br />dilakukan di Instalasi Penelitian Balai Penelitian Tanaman Obat dan<br />Aromatik, Lembang, Jawa Barat, dari bulan Januari 2000 hingga Juli 2000.<br />Penelitian dilakukan tiga tahap. Tahap pertama membuat variasi<br />lingkungan cahaya, tahap kedua penyulingan dan analisis komponen<br />minyak dengan kromatografi gas spektrometer massa dan tahap ketiga<br />merunut lintasan biosintesis menthol. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan<br />acak kelompok 5 perlakuan, yaitu L 0 (panjang hari normal sebagai<br />kontrol), L 1 (pemutusan periode gelap 1 jam, pukul 21.00-22.00 mulai<br />umur 30 hari), L 2  (pemutusan periode gelap 1 jam, pukul 21.00-22.00<br />mulai umur 60 hari), L 3 (penambahan cahaya 4 jam, pukul 18.00-22.00<br />mulai umur 30 hari), dan L 4 (penambahan cahaya 4 jam, pukul 18.00-<br />22.00 mulai umur 60 hari). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa<br />perubahan lingkungan mempengaruhi mekanisme sintesis menthol di<br />dalam tanaman Mentha piperita L. Perubahan lingkungan mengubah<br />lintasan menthol yang selanjutnya mengubah komponen minyak dan mutu<br />menthol. Tingginya kadar menthol dan rendahnya menthofuran pada<br />penambahan cahaya 4 jam terjadi melalui penghambatan pembentukan<br />senyawa menthofuran dengan mereduksi pulegon menjadi menthol,<br />sehingga menthol meningkat, sedangkan pada perlakuan kontrol terjadi<br />oksidasi pulegon ke menthofuran sehingga menthol rendah. Penambahan<br />cahaya 4 jam mulai umur 30 hari setelah tanam menghasilkan minyak<br />dengan kadar menthol paling tinggi yaitu 54,89% dan menthofuran paling<br />rendah yaitu 7,83%.<br />Kata kunci :  Mentha, Mentha piperita L., periode pencahayaan, hasil,<br />komposisi minyak, Jawa Barat<br />ABSTRACT<br />The effect of photoperiod on menthol sysnthesis of<br />Mentha piperita L.<br />Research on the effect of photoperiod on menthol synthesis of<br />Mentha piperita L, was carried out at the Experimental Garden of Institute<br />Reseach for Medicinal and Aromatic Crops, Lembang, West Java, from<br />January until July, 2000. The objective is to study the machanism of<br />menthol synthesis in relation with the manipulation of light periode, three<br />steps were taken: The first step was manipulation of environment using TL<br />lamps (two experiments), the second step was distillation and analisis of<br />peppermint oil from their products with gas chromatography and mass<br />spectrometry, and the third step was tracing the pathway on menthol<br />biosynthesis. At the first experiment, 5 treatments were given i.e. (1)<br />control or normal light period, (2) four hours light supplement at the age of<br />30 days and 60 days after planting, and (3) one hour interruption of dark<br />period at the age of 30 days and 60 days. The result showed that the effect<br />of light period manipulation can change the pathway of menthol<br />biosynthesis and oil component and finally the quality of menthol. Four<br />hours light supplement at the age of 30 days after planting could enhance<br />the menthol content and reduce menthofuran by blocking the reaction from<br />pulegone to menthofuran, so the pulegone was reduced into menthon and<br />menthol. Four hours light supplement at 30 days after planting showed the<br />highest menthol content (54.89%) and the lowest menthofuran (7.83%).<br />Control treatment (normal light period) showed the lowest menthol<br />content, due to no reduction of pulegone into menthon, but pulegone was<br />oxidized into menthofuran. Without additional light the menthol content<br />decreased and the menthofuran content increased.<br />Key words : Mentha, Mentha piperita L., oil composition, photoperiod,<br />yield, West Java

scholarly journals Gibberellic acid flower formation and stem elongation in Silene armeria.

1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-255
Author(s):  
S.J. Wellensiek
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Plant Age ◽  
Flower Formation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Silene Armeria

Several selected S. armeria lines differing in their reaction to GA3 were treated with GA3 at various concentrations under short-day (SD) or long-day conditions. With SD treatment one application of GA3 at high concentration (10 000 p.p.m. or greater) induced flower formation in certain lines. Stem elongation increased with GA3 concentration and with plant age and was much greater on flowering plants than on non-flowering ones. [For previous related work see HcA 41, 4400.]. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

Environmental Effects on Peppermint (Mentha piperita L.). I. Effect of Daylength, Photon Flux Density, Night Temperature and Day Temperature on the Yield and Composition of Peppermint Oil

1980 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 685 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Clark ◽  
RC Menary
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Flux Density ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Peppermint Oil ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Night Temperature ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
High Concentrations

Long days (16 h light), high photon flux density (1200 �Em-2 s-1.) and high night temperature (20°C) resulted in the highest oil yield. : Daylength, night temperature, day temperature and photon flux density were important interacting factors determining oil composition. The photosynthate model proposed by Burbott and Loomis (Plant Physiol., 1967, <B.42, 20-8) explained the effect of environmental factors with respect to pulegone, menthone and menthofuran. Factors favouring the maintenance of high levels of photosynthate resulted in high concentrations of menthone and low concentrations of pulegone and menthofuran. The photosynthate model does not explain the effect of environmental factors on several other monoterpenes.

Tagesperiodische antagonistische Schwankungen der Blauviolett- und Gelbrot-Empfindlichkeit als Grundlage der photoperiodischen Diapause-Induktion bei Pieris brassicae

1960 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 205-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin Bünning ◽  
Gabriele Joerrens
Keyword(s):  
Dark Period ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Pieris Brassicae ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Measuring Process ◽  
The Third ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Critical Daylength ◽  
Qualitative Responses ◽  
Short Days

In Pieris brassicae, diapause is inhibited if long-day conditions are imposed during and immediately after the third molting. The critical daylength is approximately 14 hours. Under short-day conditions with a main light period of 6 or 12 hours’ duration, supplementary light given in the period from 14 to 16 hours after the beginning of the main light period will inhibit diapause. In contrast to this effect of late exposures to light, light given from 1 to 12 hours after the beginning of the main light period promotes diapause. Experiments with extremely long light periods (10—35 hours), but always with a dark period of 10 hours, show that these diurnal fluctuations in quantitative and qualitative responses to light can continue endogenously for several days. Thus, this time-measuring process operates through the mechanism of endogenous diurnal oscillations in just the same way as do photoperiodic reactions in plants.The inhibition of diapause by light in the second half of the diurnal oscillation (under long days or by light interruptions in the dark period) and the promotion by light in the first half (under short days) occur only with light of short wavelengths: ultraviolet, violet, and blue up to about 550 mμ. Yellow and red light act in the opposite fashion, giving diapause inhibition in the first half of the cycle and promotion in the second half. In white light the violet reaction predominates, so that diapause is promoted by short days and inhibited by long days.

scholarly journals Inflorescence Initiation in Lolium Temulentum l. II. Evidence for Inhibitory and Promotive Photoperiodic Processes Involving Transmissible Products

1960 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 429 ◽  
Author(s):  
LT Evans
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Continuous Illumination ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Lolium Temulentum ◽  
Short Day ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Inductive Treatment ◽  
Short Days

Plants of Lolium temulentum, raised in short days, were given an inductive treatment by exposure of one leaf blade to a 32-hr period of continuous illumination. Then either the leaf exposed to this one long light period or varying areas of lower leaves which were simultaneously in short-day conditions were removed at intervals after the long-day exposure. The longer the long-day leaves remained on the plants, the greater was the proportion of plants which initiated inflorescences and the greater the rate of development of their inflorescences. This was so even when short-day leaves were present above the long-day ones. The longer the short-day leaves remained, and the greater their area, the lower was the proportion of plants which initiated inflorescences.

Vegetative Activity of the Main Stem Terminal Bud Under Photoperiod and Flower Removal Treatments in Soybean

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 475 ◽  
Author(s):  
SV Caffaro ◽  
F Nakayama
Keyword(s):  
Main Stem ◽  
Internode Elongation ◽  
Apical Bud ◽  
Apical Buds ◽  
Long Day ◽  
Flower Abortion ◽  
Terminal Bud ◽  
Photoperiodic Treatment ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Short Days

Effects of photoperiod and flower removal on vegetative activity of the main stem apical bud were examined for an indeterminate ('Williams') and a determinate ('Bragg') soybean cultivar. Plants grew under long day conditions until the V2 stage. Then, they were subjected to three photoperiodic treatments: (1) short days of 9 h of solar radiation during all the experiment (SD); (2) 10 short days followed by long days until the end of the experiment (SD + LD); and (3) long days during all the experiment (LD). From the moment anthesis was reached, half of the plants of each photoperiodic treatment were periodically deflowered. Flower removal induced an additional but limited vegetative growth of the main stem apex, due to the elongation of the youngest internodes. This effect was only seen under SD because long day applications (SD+LD and LD) induced a high flower abortion. On the contrary, long days stimulated internode elongation, leaf expansion and, under LD, delayed anthesis which resulted in enhanced vegetative activity of apical buds and a greater production of nodes and branches. Thus, a close but inverse relation was observed between flower induction and vegetative structure differentiation by apical buds. As in Bragg, Williams may stop vegetative activity of buds by their simple transition to a terminal raceme hence, only posterior differentiated internode elongation will be either limited or stimulated depending on SD or LD conditions, respectively.

scholarly journals Natural Insecticidal Activity of Mentha piperita (Peppermint) Oil Nanoemulsion against Agricultural Pest Aulacophora foveicollis (Red Pumpkin Beetle) for Environmental Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhath Matheen Iqbal ◽  
Ananthi Rachel Livingstone ◽  
Kalaiyarasi Lingam ◽  
Pavithra Suyambu
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Peppermint Oil ◽  
Agricultural Pest ◽  
Plant Essential Oils ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Aulacophora Foveicollis ◽  
Chemical Pesticides

Background: Red pumpkin beetle, Aulacophora foveicollis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is a serious agricultural pest of cucurbit plants. Chemical pesticides have been in practice for many years to control the pests. Recently, the plant essential oils were formulated as nanoemulsion, have gained interest for their effectiveness and eco-friendly nature. The current study was aimed to assess the efficacy of Mentha piperita nanoemulsion against an agricultural pest A. foveicollis. Methods: M. piperita essential oil was analyzed by GC-MS technique. Ulrasonication method was used to formulate the nanoemulsion. The stable nanoemulsion was investigated and characterized by DLS. The efficacy of the nanoemulsion was screened against the pest of cucurbits, A. foveicollis at different concentrations and compared with its own bulk emulsion. Result: In GC-MS technique, menthol was found to be the major component with the highest percentage of 16.47 and the nanoemuslion was prepared in different ratios comprising of peppermint oil, surfactant, acetone and water. The stable nanoemulsion was investigated and characterized by DLS with mean droplet size of 10.84nm, PDI was 0.1 and zeta potential was -45 mv, altogether proves to be the good stability of nanoemulsion. The Bioassay was conducted for about 96 hours and the highest mortality was recorded in the nanoemulsion than the bulk emulsion. The resulted LC50 value of nanoemulsion is 22.38% v/v is found to be effective than the LC50 value of bulk emulsion is 87% v/v, respectively. Thus, from the results obtained the nanoemulsion was found to be highly significance than that of the bulk emulsion. So, nanoemuslion may be used as an eco-friendly agent against the agricultural pest management.

New pyridine derivatives and basic components in spearmint oil (Mentha gentilis f. cardiaca) and peppermint oil (Mentha piperita)

1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1647-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masakazu. Ishihara ◽  
Tomoyuki. Tsuneya ◽  
Minoru. Shiga ◽  
Shigeyasu. Kawashima ◽  
Keiichi. Yamagishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Peppermint Oil ◽  
Pyridine Derivatives ◽  
Spearmint Oil
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