Sound Pressure Levels Experienced by the High School Band Director

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas T Owens
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Band Directors ◽  
High School Band ◽  
Industrial Noise ◽  
Sound Pressure Levels ◽  
The Mean

Portable noise dosimeters were used to determine the levels of noise exposure experienced by high school band directors. In addition, sound reverberation times were measured to determine the appropriateness of existing acoustic conditions for the band rehearsal environment. A total of 63 sound pressure measurements were taken during the rehearsals of 10 high school bands located in cities along the Front Range of Colorado. Single sample t-tests and effect size calculations were employed to compare the sound pressure levels of all band rehearsals with the industrial noise standards of the Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA), the American Conference of Governmental and Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), and the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the effect of room environmental factors on the sound pressure levels. While conducting high school ensembles, 60% of participating band directors experienced sound pressure levels at or exceeding 90 dBA. These levels and the mean noise doses and 8-hour projected noise doses observed were within the OSHA standards for industrial noise exposure, but exceeded the industrial noise exposure standards set by ACGIH and NIOSH. Multiple regression analysis performed on the room volume (cubic feet), the level of acoustic treatment, and the mean reverberation time were found to predict 77.8% of the variance in sound pressure levels in this study.

Changes Over Time in the Determinants of Sport Commitment

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Carpenter ◽  
Tara K. Scanlan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Sport Commitment ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Changes Over Time ◽  
Over Time

The purpose of this study was to examine whether changes over time in the determinants of sport commitment would be related to predicted changes in commitment. Male and female (N = 103) high school soccer players completed surveys toward the middle and at the end of their regular season. A simultaneous multiple regression analysis indicated that commitment was significantly predicted by changes in involvement opportunities. Examination of the mean magnitude of changes in the determinants and corresponding changes in commitment using a series of correlated t-tests revealed significant effects for sport enjoyment and involvement opportunities. For those players whose sport enjoyment and involvement opportunities had declined, there was a corresponding decrease in their commitment. For those players whose involvement opportunities had increased, there was a corresponding increase in their commitment. Combined, these results provided support for a priori hypotheses regarding changes in the determinants of commitment over time and corresponding changes in commitment.

High School Band Directors’ Perceptions and Applications of Democratic Rehearsal Procedures in Concert Band Rehearsals

2021 ◽  
pp. 875512332198929
Author(s):  
Alec D. Scherer
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Music Education ◽  
Concert Band ◽  
Band Directors ◽  
School Level ◽  
High School Level ◽  
Classroom Dynamics ◽  
High School Band ◽  
Student Ownership ◽  
School Band

The purpose of this study was to examine inservice high school band directors’ perceptions and applications of democratic rehearsal procedures in concert band rehearsals. Respondents ( N = 216) were members of the National Association for Music Education who were currently teaching concert band at the high school level. Respondents indicated that “identify and describe opportunities for individual and ensemble performance improvement” and “student-led sectionals” were considered the most important democratic rehearsal procedures for their students to experience. These same procedures were also the most frequently used democratic rehearsal procedures. Analysis of open-ended responses revealed that respondents believed student ownership, student engagement, and student growth as musicians and leaders were advantages to implementing democratic rehearsal procedures. Potential disadvantages included issues related to student ability, rehearsal time limitations, unfamiliar classroom dynamics, and availability of classroom resources. Implications for music teachers are discussed.

Relationship of Specific and Nonspecific Variables to Successful Basketball Performance among High School Players

1987 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 823-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Brooks ◽  
Larry W. Boleach ◽  
J. L. Mayhew
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
The Third ◽  
Male High School ◽  
Relationship Of

To determine the predictive potential of selected cognitive and psychomotor variables to estimate basketball performance, 50 male high school players from 3 schools in the same conference were evaluated. One team won the Iowa state championship; the second team had a 12 and 10 record while the third team had a 4 and 16 record. The 3 coaches rated each player's ability from 1 to 10. Multiple regression analysis to predict coaches' rating of ability from vertical jump, hand reaction time, weight, and playing experience gave an R of .76. However, discriminant analysis to classify players on the 3 teams indicated as important knowledge about basketball, dribbling, shooting accuracy, and height. The canonical correlation for the 4 variables and team membership was .64. Using the 4 variables, 60% of the players could be correctly classified to their teams.

Environmental noise-induced cardiovascular responses during sleep

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastien Lechat ◽  
Hannah Scott ◽  
Felix Decup ◽  
Kristy L Hansen ◽  
Gorica Micic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Farm ◽  
Wave Amplitude ◽  
Sound Pressure ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Environmental Noise ◽  
Pulse Wave Amplitude ◽  
Sound Pressure Levels

Abstract Study Objectives This study was designed to test the utility of cardiovascular responses as markers of potentially different environmental noise disruption effects of wind farm compared to traffic noise exposure during sleep. Methods Twenty participants underwent polysomnography. In random order, and at six sound pressure levels from 33 dBA to 48 dBA in 3 dB increments, three types of wind farm and two types of road traffic noise recordings of 20-sec duration were played during established N2 or deeper sleep, each separated by 20 seconds without noise. Each noise sequence also included a no-noise control. Electrocardiogram and finger pulse oximeter recorded pulse wave amplitude changes from the pre-noise onset baseline following each noise exposure and were assessed algorithmically to quantify the magnitude of heart rate and finger vasoconstriction responses to noise exposure. Results Higher sound pressure levels were more likely to induce drops in pulse wave amplitude. Sound pressure levels as low as 39 dBA evoked a pulse wave amplitude response (Odds ratio [95% confidence interval]; 1.52 [1.15, 2.02]). Wind farm noise with amplitude modulation was less likely to evoke a pulse wave amplitude response than the other noise types, but warrants cautious interpretation given low numbers of replications within each noise type. Conclusion These preliminary data support that drops in pulse wave amplitude are a particularly sensitive marker of noise-induced cardiovascular responses during. Larger trials are clearly warranted to further assess relationships between recurrent cardiovascular activation responses to environmental noise and potential long-term health effects.

scholarly journals Proposing an Endotracheal Tube Selection Tool Based on Multivariate Analysis of Airway Imaging

2020 ◽  
pp. 014556131990039
Author(s):  
Yousef Aljathlany ◽  
Abdullah Aljasser ◽  
Abdullah Alhelali ◽  
Manal Bukhari ◽  
Mohammed Almohizea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Endotracheal Tube ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Transverse Diameter ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Objectives: We aimed to comprehensively investigate different upper airway segments in adults, determine the predictors of the size of each segment, and identify an appropriate endotracheal tube (ETT) size chart. Study Design: Retrospective chart review. Setting: Tertiary care center. Materials and Methods: The data for patients aged >18 years who underwent neck computed tomography were screened. Patients with existing tumors, trauma, or any pathology that can alter the normal airway anatomy and those with intubation, tracheostomy, or nasogastric tubes were excluded. Computed tomography software was used to measure the anteroposterior diameter (APD), transverse diameter (TD), and cross-sectional area (CSA) at the glottic, proximal subglottic, distal subglottic, and tracheal levels. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify the predictors of the airway size. Results: One hundred patients were reviewed. The TD was consistently smaller than or equal to the APD at each level in all but 3 patients. The mean CSA and TD (170 mm2 and 11.3 mm, respectively) of the glottis indicated that the glottis was most often the narrowest level, followed by the proximal subglottis where the mean CSA and TD were 192.1 mm2 and 12.7 mm, respectively. Moreover, the mean APD was the smallest at the level of the trachea (20.1 mm). Multiple regression analysis confirmed that height and sex were the predominant predictors of measurements for the 4 airway segments. In addition, age was associated with the TD and CSA of the distal subglottic and tracheal segments, respectively. Conclusion: One-third of our participants exhibited a proximal subglottic diameter that was equal to or smaller than the glottic diameter. Our findings also suggested that the height and sex of the patients are important variables for the selection of an appropriate ETT size.

Multiple regression analysis of factors influencing dominant hand grip strength in an adult Malaysian population

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Hossain ◽  
R. Zyroul ◽  
B. P. Pereira ◽  
T. Kamarul
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Asian Ethnicity ◽  
Malaysian Population ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
The Mean

Grip strength is an important measure used to monitor the progression of a condition, and to evaluate outcomes of treatment. We assessed how various physical and social factors predict normal grip strength in an adult Malaysian population of mixed Asian ethnicity (254 men, 246 women). Grip strength was recorded using the Jamar dynamometer. The mean grip strength for the dominant hand was 29.8 kg for men and 17.6 kg for women. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that the dominant hand grip strength was positively associated with height and body mass index, and negatively associated with age for both sexes. Dominant hand grip strength was related to work status for men ( p < 0.05) but not for women. However, there was no difference in grip strength among ethnic groups.

High School Band Students’ and Directors’ Perceptions of Verbal and Nonverbal Teaching Behaviors

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Whitaker
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Band Directors ◽  
Teacher Talk ◽  
Student Response ◽  
Teaching Behaviors ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
High School Band ◽  
Band Students ◽  
School Band ◽  
Expressive Conducting

This study was designed to examine the use and perception of selected teaching behaviors of high school band directors. Videotaped rehearsals of six band directors’ top-performing ensembles were analyzed for conductor magnitude, sequential pattern components, and instructional pacing. Directors and students rated video excerpts of their rehearsals, completed a questionnaire, and participated in interviews. Teaching behaviors were generally consistent with previous research. Student evaluations of excerpts containing drill, all strict conducting, and more teacher talk were rated lowest. Highest rated excerpts contained more or relatively equal amounts of student response and teacher talk, some expressive conducting, and varying facial expressions. Directors rated excerpts containing little variety in facial expression and more or equal amounts of teacher talk highest. Lowest rated excerpts contained drill or structured rehearsal; all or mostly strict, or no conducting; and longer student activity times. Students were able to identify and discuss their director’s teaching behaviors, had a respect for their director’s musical abilities and knowledge regardless of rapport, desired more praise, and thought of disapproving feedback as necessary critique. Directors were most critical of their conducting behaviors, spent time reflecting on their teaching, and believed self-assessment was beneficial to improve one’s teaching.

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