Long-Term Treatment Effects of Sensory Motor Retuning in a Pianist with Focal Dystonia

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaume Rosset-Llobet ◽  
Sílvia Fàbregas-Molas
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Illness Onset ◽  
Focal Hand Dystonia ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
High Level ◽  
Hand Dystonia ◽  
Piano Playing

Here we present the case of a pianist suffering from unilateral focal hand dystonia for 10 yrs which affected his piano playing as well as other activities of daily life. The treatment applied was sensory motor retuning (SMR), a behavioral treatment for focal hand dystonia. Improvement was clearly achieved from the beginning of therapy. After 10 mos of treatment, performance levels were comparable to those before illness onset. The patient returned to high-level piano playing, and after 8 yrs of follow-up, performance remains normal.

scholarly journals The effect of long-term treatment with steroid hormones or tamoxifen on oestrogen receptors (alpha and beta) in the endometrium of ovariectomized cynomolgus macaques

2002 ◽  
Vol 175 (3) ◽  
pp. 673-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Wang ◽  
E Isaksson ◽  
B Von Schoultz ◽  
JM Cline ◽  
L Sahlin
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Oestrogen Receptors ◽  
Minor Variation ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
High Level ◽  
Er Alpha

The effects of oestrogen are mediated by two specific intracellular receptors, oestrogen receptors (ER) alpha and beta, which function as ligand-activated transcriptional regulators. Ovariectomized macaques (Macaca fascicularis) were used to study the regulation of ERalpha and ERbeta in the endometrium by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization after long-term hormone treatment. Animals were treated continuously for 35 Months with either conjugated equine oestrogen (CEE), medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), combined CEE/MPA, or tamoxifen (TAM). Treatment with CEE/MPA down-regulated ERalpha in the superficial glands. In the superficial stroma the ERalpha level was lower in the CEE/MPA group than in the CEE and MPA groups. ERbeta immunostaining was faint with minor variation in response to treatment, but increased in the superficial stroma after MPA treatment. The ratio of ERbeta/ERalpha increased in superficial stroma and gland after CEE/MPA treatment, and also in stroma after MPA and TAM. Cystic endometrial hyperplasia was observed in TAM-treated animals, in combination with a high level of ERalpha protein expression. The present data show that long-term hormone treatment affects the ERalpha and ERbeta protein levels in the endometrium. The balance between ERalpha and ERbeta seems to be important for the proliferative response to oestrogen.

Lithium and related mood stabilizers

2012 ◽  
pp. 1198-1208
Author(s):  
Robert M. Post
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Mood Stabilizer ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Mood Stabilizers ◽  
Illness Onset ◽  
Predictors Of Response ◽  
Long Term Treatment

Lithium is the paradigmatic mood stabilizer. It is effective in the acute and prophylactic treatment of both mania and, to a lesser magnitude, depression. These characteristics are generally paralleled by the widely accepted anticonvulsant mood stabilizers valproate, carbamazepine (Table 6.2.4.1), and potentially by the less well studied putative mood stabilizers oxcarbazepine, zonisamide, and the dihydropyridine L-type calcium channel blocker nimodipine. In contrast, lamotrigine has a profile of better antidepressant effects acutely and prophylactically than antimanic effects. Having grouped lithium, valproate, and carbamazepine together, it is important to note they have subtle differences in their therapeutic profiles and differential clinical predictors of response (Table 6.2.4.1). Response to one of these agents is not predictive of either a positive or negative response to the others. Thus, clinicians are left with only rough estimates and guesses about which drug may be preferentially effective in which patients. Only sequential clinical trials of agents either alone or in combination can verify responsivity in an individual patient. Individual response trumps FDA-approval. Given this clinical conundrum, it is advisable that patients, family members, clinicians, or others carefully rate patients on a longitudinal scale in order to most carefully assess responses and side effects. These are available from the Depression Bipolar Support Alliance (DBSA), the STEP-BD NIMH Network, or www.bipolarnetworknews.org and are highly recommended. The importance of careful longitudinal documentation of symptoms and side effects is highlighted by the increasing use of multiple drugs in combination. This is often required because patients may delay treatment-seeking until after many episodes, and very different patterns and frequencies of depressions, manias, mixed states, as well as multiple comorbidities may be present. Treating patients to the new accepted goal of remission of their mood and other anxillary symptoms usually requires use of several medications. If each component of the regimen is kept below an individual's side-effects threshold, judicious use of multiple agents can reduce rather than increase the overall side-effect burden. There is increasing evidence of reliable abnormalities of biochemistry, function, and anatomy in the brains of patients with bipolar disorder, and some of these are directly related to either duration of illness or number of episodes. Therefore, as treatment resistance to most therapeutic agents is related to number of prior episodes, and brain abnormalities may also increase as well, it behooves the patient to begin and sustain acute and long-term treatment as early as possible. Despite the above academic, personal, and public health recommendations, bipolar disorder often takes ten years or more to diagnose and, hence, treat properly. In fact, a younger age of onset is highly related to presence of a longer delay from illness onset to first treatment, and as well, to a poorer outcome assessed both retrospectively and prospectively. New data indicate that the brain growth factor BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) which is initially important to synaptogenesis and neural development, and later neuroplasticity and long-term memory in the adult is involved in all phases of bipolar disorder and its treatment. It appears to be: 1) both a genetic (the val-66-val allele of BDNF) and environmental (low BDNF from childhood adversity) risk factor; 2) episode-related (serum BDNF decreasing with each episode of depression or mania in proportion to symptom severity; 3) related to some substance abuse comorbidity (BDNF increases in the VTA with defeat stress and cocaine self-administration); and 4) related to treatment. Lithium, valproate, and carbamazepine increase BDNF and quetiapine and ziprasidone block the decreases in hippocampal BDNF that occur with stress (as do antidepressants). A greater number of prior episodes is related to increased likelihood of: 1) a rapid cycling course; 2) more severe depressive symptoms; 3) more disability; 4) more cognitive dysfunction; and 5) even the incidence of late life dementia. Taken together, the new data suggest a new view not only of bipolar disorder, but its treatment. Adequate effective treatment may not only (a) prevent affective episodes (with their accompanying risk of morbidity, dysfunction, and even death by suicide or the increased medical mortality associated with depression), but may also (b) reverse or prevent some of the biological abnormalities associated with the illness from progressing. Thus, patients should be given timely information pertinent to their stage of illness and recovery that emphasizes not only the risk of treatments, but also their potential, figuratively and literally, life-saving benefits. Long-term treatment and education and targeted psychotherapies are critical to a good outcome. We next highlight several attributes of each mood stabilizer, but recognize that the choice of each agent itself is based on inadequate information from the literature, and sequencing of treatments and their combinations is currently more an art than an evidence-based science. We look forward to these informational and clinical trial deficits being reduced in the near future and the development of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and other neurobiological predictors of individual clinical response to individual drugs. In the meantime, patients and clinicians must struggle with treatment choice based on: 1) the most appropriate targetting of the predominant symptom picture with the most likely effective agent (Table 6.2.4.1 and 6.2.4.2) the best side-effects profile for that patient (Table 6.2.4.2 and 6.2.4.3) using combinations of drugs with different therapeutic targets and mechanisms of action (Table 6.2.4.3 and 6.2.4.4) careful consideration of potential advantageous pharmacodynamic interactions and disadvantageous pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions that need to be avoided or anticipated.

scholarly journals Sensory motor retuning: A behavioral treatment for focal hand dystonia of pianists and guitarists

2002 ◽  
Vol 83 (10) ◽  
pp. 1342-1348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Candia ◽  
Thomas Schäfer ◽  
Edward Taub ◽  
Harald Rau ◽  
Eckart Altenmüller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Focal Hand Dystonia ◽  
Sensory Motor ◽  
Hand Dystonia

High Level of Soluble Programmed Death-1 Is Associated with Functional Cure in Chronic Hepatitis B Upon Long-Term Treatment

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Tan ◽  
Hao Luo ◽  
Qian Kang ◽  
Jiali Pan ◽  
Ran Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis B ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Functional Cure ◽  
Programmed Death ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Programmed Death 1 ◽  
High Level

EVIDENCE FOR PLASMIN-MEDIATED FIBRINOLYSIS AFTER /RELEASE OF TISSUE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR BY DESMOPRESSIN INFUSION

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
G D O Lowe ◽  
J T Douglas ◽  
M Small ◽  
C Kluft ◽  
C D Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Fibrin Plate ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Post Infusion ◽  
Control Of Diabetes ◽  
High Level

A relationship between tPA activity and plasmin-mediated fibrinolysis in vivo (plasma levels of Bβ15-42-containing peptides) has been suggested by our previous studies: inverse correlations of Bβ15-42 levels with obesity and triglyceride levels (both associated with high tPA inhibition) in an epidemiological study; and increased levels of Bβ15-42 following improved control of diabetes, or treatment with oral or intramuscular stanozolol (which decrease tPA inhibition). The aim of the present study was to establish whether or not intravenous infusion of desamino-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP, desmopressin) is followed by increases in plasmin-mediated fibrinolysis in vivo (plasma Bβ15-42 levels). Desmopressin (0.3 μg/kg body weight) was infused intravenously over 15 mins in 22 subjects. Venous blood was obtained by separate venepuncture before and 15 mins after the end of the infusion, for assay of plasminogen activator activity of the euglobulin fraction on fibrin plates, tPA activity, and Bβ15-42 levels (RIA,IMCO). 18 subjects showed normal increases in fibrin plate lysis and in tPA activity after desmopressin (median tPA activity 120 mU/ml pre-, 5000 mU/ml post-infusion, p<0.001). In these 18 subjects, Bβ15-42 levels rose significantly (median 1.5pmol/ml pre-, 4.2 pmol/ml post-infusion, p<0.001). Four subjects showed no significant increases in fibrin plate lysis or in tPA activity after desmopressin (non-responders): all had significantly elevated levels of tPA-inhibition. In these 4 subjects no increases in Bβ15-42 levels were observed. In one nonresponder, who suffered a large myocardial infarction due to angiographic thrombosis with no atheroma at the age of 22 years, long-term treatment with stanozolol normalised the high level of tPA-inhibition, as well as the fibrin plate lysis and tPA activity responses to desmopressin: Bβ15-42 level then showed a normal response after desmopressin infusion (2.2 to 5 pmol/ml). We conclude that desmopressin infusion increases plasmin-mediated fibrinolysis in vivo, but only in the presence of normal increases in tPA activity.

IL-3 and ribavirin induce high level expression of megakaryocytic markers and messages during long-term treatment of a megakaryocytic leukemia cell line

1994 ◽  
Vol 160 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alokes Majumdar ◽  
Stephen Kerby ◽  
Brian Mullikin ◽  
Michael M. Seidman ◽  
Paula E. Stenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Leukemia Cell ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Leukemia Cell Line ◽  
High Level Expression ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals Study of the destructive activity of microorganisms isolated from soil contaminated by pesticides

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 05007
Author(s):  
Azhar Malik ◽  
Gulzhamal Abdieva ◽  
Perizat Ualieva ◽  
Nuraly Akimbekov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Plant Protection Products ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
High Level ◽  
Organic Pesticides

Chemical pollution of natural and agricultural habitats is a growing global problem and a serious threat to the sustainability and health of people. Among various chemical ecotoxicants of anthropogenic origin, organochlorine pesticides are among the most stable and dangerous for the environment and humans. Pesticides are chemical plant protection products, the intensive and not always justified the use of which has led to the fact that recently they are also considered among the most dangerous pollutants. One of the serious environmental problems is the pollution of natural objects with organic pesticides with high toxicity and persistence. Toxic substances can enter the environment and pose a threat to all living organisms, including the microbial population of the soil. Microorganisms isolated from ecosystems exposed to long-term treatment with pesticides can quickly decompose these compounds. The problem related to the decomposition of pesticide residues in the soil is an important environmental issue. Microorganisms are able to most effectively decompose xenobiotic substances foreign to the biosphere. The ability of microorganisms to decompose pesticides is associated with biochemical reactions and a high level of their adaptation. In this study, the microbial diversity of the soil in the territories adjacent to the pesticide burial sites was studied.

Complete Suppression of the Symptoms of Congenital Erythropoietic Porphyria by Long-Term Treatment with High-Level Transfusions

1986 ◽  
Vol 314 (16) ◽  
pp. 1029-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Piomelli ◽  
Maureen B. Poh-Fitzpatrick ◽  
Carol Seaman ◽  
Lawrence M. Skolnick ◽  
Walter E. Berdon
Keyword(s):  
Term Treatment ◽  
Complete Suppression ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
Congenital Erythropoietic Porphyria ◽  
High Level
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