CHRONOLOGY, RELATIVE SEA-LEVEL HISTORY AND A NEW SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHIC MODEL FOR BASINAL CRETACEOUS FACIES OF COLOMBIA

1998 ◽  
pp. 161-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOMAS VILLAMIL
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Stratigraphic Model

Latest Pliensbachian–Toarcian eustatic calibration using shallow-marine sedimentological record coupled with basinal geochemical analyzes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
François-Nicolas Krencker ◽  
Alicia Fantasia ◽  
Mohamed El Ouali ◽  
Lahcen Kabiri ◽  
Stéphane Bodin
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Level Fluctuation ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Sea Level Fluctuations ◽  
Anoxic Events ◽  
Chemical Index Of Alteration ◽  
Sea Level Fluctuation

<p><span>Sea-level fluctuation is an important parameter controlling the sedimentation in deep-marine environments and influenced also the expansion of oxygen-depleted conditions in neritic settings during oceanic anoxic events (OAEs). Despite this fundamental role, sea-level fluctuation remains on a short timescale (<1 Myr) one of the least constrained parameters for numerous OAEs. Here we refine the sequence stratigraphic framework for the uppermost Pliensbachian–Toarcian with a special focus on the Toarcian OAE interval. This study is based on sedimentological and total organic carbon isotope data used to correlate 16 sections located in the central High Atlas (Morocco). Palinspastically, those sections formed a 50-kilometer proximal–distal transect along the northern Gondwana continental shelf, which allow reconstructing the shoreline migration through time and space. Our sequence stratigraphic interpretation is then compared to the geochemical signals (e.g. detrital index, chemical index of alteration) measured on samples collected in deep-environment settings from numerous basins distributed worldwide. Our study shows that the relative sea-level changes recorded in Morocco can be correlated over large distances across those basins, indicating that the relative sea-level changes were driven by eustatic fluctuations. This study gives insights into the relationship between relative sea-level fluctuations and the geochemical record.</span></p>

Surface temperature, sequence stratigraphy and deep burial diagenesis

Clay Minerals ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Worden ◽  
A. H. Ruffell ◽  
C. Cornford
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Temperature Cycle ◽  
Burial Diagenesis ◽  
Sea Level Changes ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Surface Changes

AbstractFourth-order relative sea level changes may have a significant impact upon burial diagenesis and reservoir quality through their effect upon surface and subsurface temperature. Relative sea level changes can induce sediment surface temperature changes of <20°C when the sediment surface changes from being close to or beneath the thermocline to being sub-aerially exposed. Such sea level changes typically occur on a timescale of half a million years. Approximately one quarter to one third of the magnitude of these temperature fluctuations will be propagated to 2500 m in the subsurface. Shorter timescale fluctuations of similar magnitude, resulting from glaciation, will not be significant below ~1000 m burial as there is not enough time to effect the change before the next surface temperature cycle occurs. Diagenesis is strongly controlled by temperature through its impact on the driving force and rate of geochemical processes. Burial diagenesis and cementation may thus be episodic on timescales associated with sequence stratigraphic events occurring on the surface, thousands of metres above the zone where diagenesis is occurring.

Assessment of Hirnantian synglacial eustacy and palaeogeography in a tectonically active setting: the Welsh Basin (UK)

2013 ◽  
Vol 151 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-471
Author(s):  
DAVID M. D. JAMES
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
Tectonic Control ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Tectonically Active ◽  
Gondwana Margin ◽  
Rule Out ◽  
Global Evidence

AbstractThe Hirnantian stratigraphy of Wales is critically assessed against the global evidence for two major Hirnantian synglacial eustatic lowstands. The evidence for two separate lowstands of relative sea level is locally suggestive in shelf sequences but generally only permissive in the basin. Nowhere can the possible candidate lowstands be separated biostratigraphically and thus basinwide correlation that might rule out local tectonic control is impossible to prove. Consistent with palaeolatitude evidence and a situation far removed from the Gondwana margin, there is no facies evidence (e.g. dropstones) for local glacial conditions and the diamictites are of mass-flow origin. Sequence stratigraphic reasoning proves helpful in the correlation of the basinal succession in Central Wales with the shelf sequences along the Tywi Lineament and the Variscan Front, and suggests that the first appearance ofNormalograptus persculptusin Wales does not correspond with the base of thepersculptusBiozone. Extensive new palaeocurrent data and sedimentological restudy is combined with review of earlier knowledge to argue for significant revisions to previous palaeogeographic maps for ‘generalized lowstand conditions’, notably along the Bala Lineament, the Variscan Front and the Central Wales Inliers.

Significance of Terrace Deposits in Fluvial Sequence Stratigraphy

2013 ◽  
Vol 318 ◽  
pp. 423-427
Author(s):  
Guang Ming Hu ◽  
Shun She Luo ◽  
Marjorie A. Chan ◽  
Hong Ping Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphy ◽  
Controlling Factors ◽  
Controlling Factor ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Half Cycle ◽  
Fluvial System ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Base Level ◽  
Stratigraphic Model

The terrace deposits in a river valley are key records to the research of fluvial sequence stratigraphy. Terrace deposits and the basal sequence boundary comprise the half-cycle of base level fall, and the fluvial infillings belong to the half-cycle of base level rise. Thus, terrace deposits and the basal sequence boundary are part of the regressive systems tract, and should be separated from the transgressive or lowstand systems tracts in previously published littoral fluvial sequence stratigraphic models. In addition, in the upstream portions of the fluvial system where sea level cannot reach, the fluvial sequence is influenced by tectonism and/or climate. The terrace deposits can provide specific information about the main controlling factor (e.g., tectonism or climate) and its varying pattern during the half-cycle of base level fall. Because the two half-cycles of base level fall and rise are at the same stratigraphic levels and belong to the same base level cycle, it is possible to research the controlling factor and its varying pattern during the rising half-cycle, which will be significant to an inland fluvial sequence stratigraphic model. Finally, the authors assert that seeking isochronous parasequence correlation based on 4-division models (4 different systems tracts), along with the blend of sedimentology and geomorphology and diversification of models based on different controlling factors will collectively produce more robust-interpretations of fluvial sequence stratigraphy in the future.

Astronomical pacing of relative sea level during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2: Preliminary studies of the expanded SH#1 Core, Utah, USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 131 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1702-1722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew M. Jones ◽  
Bradley B. Sageman ◽  
Rosie L. Oakes ◽  
Amanda L. Parker ◽  
R. Mark Leckie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Cycle ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Carbon Isotope ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Oceanic Anoxic Event ◽  
Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 ◽  
Anoxic Event

AbstractProximal marine strata of the North American Western Interior Basin (WIB) preserve a rich record of biotic turnover during Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 (OAE2; ca. 94 Ma), a pronounced Late Cretaceous carbon cycle perturbation interpreted to reflect global warming, widespread hypoxia, and possible ocean acidification. To develop a more robust synthesis of paleobiologic and geochemical data sets spanning this Earth-life transition, we drilled the 131 m Smoky Hollow #1 Core (SH#1), on the Kaiparowits Plateau of southern Utah, USA, recovering the Cenomanian–Turonian Boundary (CTB) interval in the Tropic Shale Formation. A 17.5 m positive excursion in high-resolution bulk carbon isotope chemostratigraphy (δ13Corg) of SH#1 characterizes the most expanded OAE2 record recovered from the mid-latitudes of the WIB.Depleted values in a paired carbonate carbon isotope (δ13Ccarb) chemostratigraphy cyclically punctuate the OAE2 excursion. These depletions correspond to intervals in the core with a higher degree of carbonate diagenesis and correlate well to an existing sequence stratigraphic framework of flooding surfaces in the shoreface facies of the Markagunt Plateau (∼100 km west). We detect statistically significant evidence for astronomical cycles in the δ13Ccarb data set, imparted by diagenesis at flooding surfaces, and develop a floating astronomical time scale (ATS) for the study interval. Stable eccentricity cycles (405 k.y.) align with stratigraphic sequences and associated trends in sedimentation rate, and short eccentricity cycles (∼100 k.y.) pace nested parasequences. These results confirm an astronomical signal and, therefore, climatic forcing of relative sea level during OAE2 in the WIB. Furthermore, cross-basin correlation of the ATS and expanded δ13C chemostratigraphy of SH#1 suggests that these transgressive-regressive parasequences modulated siliciclastic sediment delivery in the seaway and contributed to deposition of prominent rhythmically bedded CTB units across the WIB, including the Bridge Creek Limestone. The presented approach to analysis of these proximal offshore siliciclastic facies links early diagenetic influences on chemostratigraphy to astronomically modulated sequence stratigraphic horizons, and helps to resolve rates of paleobiologic and paleoenvironmental change during a significant Mesozoic carbon cycle perturbation.

Eifelian–Givetian (Middle Devonian) high-paleolatitude storm- and wave-dominated shallow-marine depositional systems from the Bidouw Subgroup (Bokkeveld Group) of South Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (11) ◽  
pp. 1140-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron R. Penn-Clarke ◽  
Bruce S. Rubidge ◽  
Zubair A. Jinnah
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Middle Devonian ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sea Level Change ◽  
Relative Sea Level ◽  
Shallow Marine ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Level Change ◽  
Depositional Systems

ABSTRACT The sedimentology of the Eifelian–Givetian (Middle Devonian) Bidouw Subgroup in the Clanwilliam Sub-basin of South Africa has been reassessed. Four distinct lithofacies associations are recognized (A–D) and are representative of the deposits of offshore (Os), offshore transition zone to distal lower shoreface (OTZ-dLSF), proximal lower shoreface (pLSF), and upper shoreface–beach (USF-Beach) paleoenvironments. These paleoenvironments are arranged as several T-R-controlled storm- and wave-dominated shallow-marine depositional systems. The presence of storm- and wave-dominated shallow-marine depositional systems in the Bidouw Subgroup, as well as the preceding Emsian–Eifelian (Early–Middle Devonian) Ceres Subgroup provides an alternative explanation to storm- and wave-dominated delta and mixed wave- and-tide-dominated delta models that have previously been proposed for the Bokkeveld Group. Sequence-stratigraphic analysis of the Bidouw Subgroup suggests that although sedimentation occurred during two large-scale second-order transgressive events, the succession was predominantly regressive. Third-order and fourth-order transgressive–regressive (T-R) sequences are more numerous with respect to the preceding Ceres Subgroup, suggesting that the driver for T-R cyclicity and relative sea-level change was more active during the Eifelian–Givetian than in the Emsian–Eifelian of South Africa. These data are important since relative sea-level change and its effects on paleoenvironmental change at high paleolatitudes during the Devonian Period are poorly known.

scholarly journals High-resolution Sequence Stratigraphic Architecture of Barremian/Aptian Carbonate Systems in Northern Oman and the United Arab Emirates (Kharaib and Shu’aiba Formations)

GeoArabia ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frans S.P. van Buchem ◽  
Bernard Pittet ◽  
Heiko Hillgärtner ◽  
Jürgen Grötsch ◽  
Abdullah I. Al Mansouri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Abu Dhabi ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Depositional Sequences ◽  
Sequence Stratigraphic ◽  
Stratigraphic Model ◽  
Intrashelf Basin

ABSTRACT A regional sequence stratigraphic model for the Kharaib and Shu’aiba formations (Barremian, Aptian) is proposed based on outcrop and subsurface transects in Oman and the United Arab Emirates. The model shows distinct variations in depositional facies and geometrical patterns in relation to third-order sequences. The sedimentary systems evolved from a low-angle carbonate ramp (Kharaib Formation), to an organic-rich intrashelf basin surrounded by carbonate platforms (Hawar Member and Lower Shu’aiba), to a clay-dominated sedimentation restricted to the intrashelf basin (Upper Shu’aiba). Eustatic sea-level changes and, to a lesser extent, local tectonic controls influenced the development of the systems. This high-resolution sequence stratigraphic model has implications for both exploration and production strategies. This study presents a revised sedimentological facies interpretation based on detailed outcrop observations with geological constraints provided by a regional well-log correlation from Oman and the United Arab Emirates. Time control was provided by biostratigraphy (including new nannofossil data), and carbon isotope stratigraphy. Four third-order depositional sequences bounded by regional exposure surfaces were defined that are composed of at least two higher-order sequences (fourth- and fifth-order). Depositional sequences I and II have a flat ramp setting. The typical ecological succession was orbitolinid and/or miliolid wackestone-packstone deposited in a low-energy, inner ramp environment during early transgression; a mixed-fauna mudstone-wackestone in an open lagoon during maximum flooding and early highstand; and a rudist/miliolid wackestone-packstone-grainstone-framestone of the succeeding late highstand in a high-energy, inner- to mid-ramp environment. The doubling in thickness of the sequences from Oman to Abu Dhabi is attributed to differential subsidence. The Sequence III succession was somewhat similar, but differences were caused by the creation of the intrashelf Bab Basin, and by well-developed microbial boundstones. The basin morphology was primarily due to differential accumulation rates and tectonism was of only minor importance. Rapidly aggrading and backstepping microbial boundstones formed the platform, whereas condensed sedimentation and the accumulation of carbonate source rocks occurred in the basin. Highstand deposits were primarily grainy, high-energy rudist-dominated facies. The sequence ended with a forced regressive wedge along the basin margins. Sequence IV was restricted to the Bab Basin and sedimentation consisted of a clay-rich infill phase. At that time, the Oman and Abu Dhabi platforms were exposed on both sides of the basin. Nannofossils dated this major relative fall in sea level to the early-late Aptian.

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