Body mass index and other risk factors for kidney cancer in men: a cohort study in Lithuania

Abstract Introduction Occupational disability among military service members is an important target for preventive screening. The specific aim of this study was to quantify disability risk levels among soldiers with selected risk factors (body mass index extremes, poor or absent physical fitness scores, and tobacco and opioid use) and combinations thereof, suggesting priorities for preventive actions. Materials and Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of 607,006 active-duty soldiers who served in the U.S. Army during 2011–2014. Official medical and administrative data were combined to produce a person-month-based panel dataset with identifiers removed. The subjects were observed longitudinally for incident disability (termed medical nonreadiness) during 1,305,618 person-years at risk. We employed Weibull parametric survival regression models to determine the adjusted medical nonreadiness hazard for selected variables. We then computed individual adjusted risk scores and the population proportions affected by risk factors and combinations thereof in postregression analyses. The project was approved by the Stanford University’s Institutional Review Board and underwent secondary review by the Human Research Protections Office of the Defense Health Agency. Results During the observed time, 81,571 (13.4%) of subjects were found medically not ready. High or low body mass index, low or missing physical fitness test scores, tobacco use, and the highest levels of opioid use were each associated with increased adjusted hazards of medical nonreadiness. The hazards increased substantially when multiple risk factors were present, albeit while affecting reduced population proportions. Conclusions We identified marked disability hazard increases, especially in association with opioid use and high body mass index. These factors, in addition to tobacco use and low physical fitness, are potential early prevention targets for clinicians who screen military service members.

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Infant birth weight and risk factors for adult cardiovascular disease including body mass index in the lifeways cross-generation cohort study of a thousand families

Atherosclerosis ◽

10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.04.179 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 241 (1) ◽

pp. e50

Author(s):

S. McKey ◽

M. Heinen ◽

R. Segurado ◽

J.O.H.N. Mehegan ◽

C. Murrin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Body Mass ◽

Infant Birth

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Risk Factors for the Prediction of Hyperglycemia during Pregnancy – A Cohort Study from a Brazilian Public Primary Care Center

10.21203/rs.3.rs-33583/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Joice Monaliza Vernini ◽

Bianca Nicolosi Cassetari ◽

Mariana Alvarez Arantes ◽

Roberto Araújo Costa ◽

Claudia Garcia Magalhães ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Primary Care ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Negative Predictive Value ◽

Body Mass ◽

Gestational Age ◽

Predictive Value ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Primary Care Center

Abstract BACKGROUND – In Brazil, the prevalence of maternal hyperglycemia is among the highest, costs are elevated and there is no evidence to recommend universal screening. OBJECTIVE – To evaluate the performance of risk factors (RF) for predicting hyperglycemia in pregnancy – Mild Gestational Hyperglycemia (MGH) or gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) in public primary-care centers in Brazil. METHODS – A cohort study, including 514 women with a single pregnancy and no hyperglycemia. Study participants were evaluated at GA (gestational age) < or ≥ 20 weeks, and underwent a 75g-OGTT along with glycemic profile (GP) testing between 24 and 28 weeks. Clinical, anthropometric and laboratory data – fasting glucose (FG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), basal insulin and lipid profile were obtained. The most common RF associations (OR and 95% CI and p <0.05) and different cut-off points were tested for the prediction of MGH-GDM. Predictive performance was assessed by Sensitivity/Specificity, negative predictive value NPV (negative predictive value) and false positive rates (FP; 1-Esp). RESULTS – At GA <20 weeks, age ≥25 years, WC (Waist circumference) ≥ 88 cm, BMI pre ≥25 kg/m 2 (pre gestational body mass index) and BMI gest ≥25 kg/m 2 (gestational body mass index ); at GA (gestational age) ≥20 weeks, age ≥25 years, BMI pre ≥25 kg/m 2 and TG (triglicerides) ≥150 mg/dL showed better performace for predicting MGH-GDM. Irrespective of gestational age, FG (Fasting glucose) ≥ 85 mg/dL, HbA1c ≥5.7% and HOMA-IR ≥2.71 were good predictors to rule out the risk of these complications. CONCLUSION – The results of this study should contribute to define the best diagnostic approach to MGH-GDM in our center and in others with similar characteristics.

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