scholarly journals The Potential Applications of Optical Dating to the Sandy Uplands of East Texas and Northwest Louisiana

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles D. Frederick ◽  
Mark D. Bateman
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
East Texas ◽  
Optical Dating ◽  
Landform Evolution ◽  
Sediment Transportation ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Geomorphic Processes

The fine, sandy soils of East Texas and Northwest Louisiana have been the source of archaeological debate for some time. This discourse concerns the mode of burial of cultural material in the easily eroded soils and the mechanics of recent (Holocene) landform evolution. Because these deposits are typically well-drained, organic matter does not preserve well, thus hindering the dating of the geomorphic events that figure prominently in their development and the prehistoric occupations which lie buried throughout uplands of this region. A relatively new dating technique, optical dating, has much to offer this region and the archaeological community as it measures the period of time that has elapsed since sand grains were last exposed to sunlight. Hence, it directly dates the time of sediment transportation and deposition. This method is therefore applicable to a number of archaeological and geomorphic processes which may not be dated by traditional methods, owing to the lack of organic matter suitable for radiocarbon dating. In geomorphic contexts, optical dating may be preferred over radiocarbon as it directly dates the time of sedimentation rather than the age of organic matter in features such as buried soils that may be significantly different from the geomorphic event which fossilized the soil.

Variation in Radiocarbon Ages of Soil Organic Matter Fractions from Late Quaternary Buried Soils

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 232-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles W. Martin ◽  
William C. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
Contamination Of Soils ◽  
Total Fraction ◽  
Organic Matter Fractions

AbstractRadiocarbon dating of three organic matter fractions (total, humic acid, and residue) isolated from late Quaternary buried soils of the central Great Plains reveals that there often are considerable differences among, but no consistent order to, the ages of fractions. For late Holocene soils, the residue fraction or the total fraction generally produces the oldest age; for late Pleistocene soils, however, no fraction was consistently the oldest. The absence of a consistent sequence of fraction ages is attributed to postburial contamination of soils. When bulk samples from the same soil were split and sent to two laboratories, different radiocarbon ages were usually obtained. The variability in radiocarbon ages of soil organic matter confirms that caution should be taken when using radiocarbon ages obtained from different laboratories to make regional stratigraphic correlations.

scholarly journals The Reliability of Radiocarbon Dating Buried Soils

Radiocarbon ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Orlova ◽  
V. A. Panychev
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
Soil Horizons

Variable 14C ages of paleosol organic matter (OM) cause difficulties in interpreting 14C data. We attempt to determine the reliability of OM 14C dates by examining different carbon-containing materials from soil horizons and paleosol fractions.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Dating of Soil Organic Matter

1996 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Wang ◽  
Ronald Amundson ◽  
Susan Trumbore
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Soil C

AbstractRadiocarbon ages of soil organic matter are evaluated with a model which incorporates the dynamics of the 14C content of soil organic matter. Measured 14C ages of soil organic matter or its fractions are always younger than the true ages of soils due to continuous input of organic matter into soils. Differences in soil C dynamics due to climate or soil depth will result in significantly different 14C signatures of soil organic matter for soils of the same age. As a result, the deviation of the measured 14C age from the true age of soil formation could differ significantly among different soils or soil horizons. Our model calculations also suggest that 14C ages of soil organic matter will eventually reach a steady state provided that no climatic or ecological perturbations occur. Once a soil or a soil horizon has reached a steady state, 14C dating of soil organic matter will provide no useful information regarding the age of the soil. However, for soils in which steady state has not been reached, it is possible to estimate the age of soil formation by modeling the measured 14C contents of soil organic matter. Radiocarbon dating of buried soils could, in general, overestimate the true age of the burial by as much as the steady-state age of the soil or soil horizon.

Organic matter fractions and N mineralization in vegetable-cropped sandy soils

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Jegajeevagan ◽  
S. Sleutel ◽  
N. Ameloot ◽  
M. A. Kader ◽  
S. De Neve
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
N Mineralization ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Organic Matter Fractions

Organic Matter Fractions Controlling Soil Water Repellency in Sandy Soils From the Doñana National Park (Southwestern Spain)

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 1413-1423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicasio T. Jiménez‐Morillo ◽  
José A. González‐Pérez ◽  
Antonio Jordán ◽  
Lorena M. Zavala ◽  
José María Rosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
National Park ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Soil Water Repellency ◽  
Doñana National Park ◽  
Organic Matter Fractions

scholarly journals Reaction-Path Formulation of a Simple Dissolution Model for Radiocarbon Dating Groundwater

Radiocarbon ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 646-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Songlin Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Simple Model ◽  
Closed System ◽  
Redox Reactions ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Reaction Path ◽  
Dilution Effect ◽  
Carbonate Minerals ◽  
Dissolution Model ◽  
Hydrogeological Studies

Since the pioneer publication of K. O. Münnich (1957), 14C systematics have been used in many hydrogeological studies. Because of the complexity of carbon geochemistry, numerous models have been proposed to correct the dilution effect of “dead” carbon in groundwater. All the 14C correction models for dating groundwater are based on either open- or closed-system conditions. I present here a simple model that accounts for the effects of both open- and closed-system dissolution of carbonate and aluminosilicate minerals. For systems involving precipitation of carbonate minerals and redox reactions of organic matter, reaction-path simulations are essential for reliable 14C dating of groundwater.

Radiocarbon Dating of Organic Matter Fractions of a Chinese Mollisol

1988 ◽  
Vol 151 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Becker-Heidmann ◽  
Liu Liang-wu ◽  
Hans-Wilhelm Scharpenseel
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Organic Matter Fractions

scholarly journals Pyrogenic organic matter from palaeo-fires during the Holocene: A case study in a sequence of buried soils at the Central Ebro Basin (NE Spain)

2019 ◽  
Vol 241 ◽  
pp. 558-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia María Armas-Herrera ◽  
Fernando Pérez-Lambán ◽  
David Badía-Villas ◽  
José Luis Peña-Monné ◽  
José Antonio González-Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Buried Soils ◽  
Ebro Basin ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Pyrogenic Organic Matter ◽  
Ne Spain

New Radiocarbon Dates from the Sanders Site (41LR2), Lamar County, Texas

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Perttula
Keyword(s):  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Significant Part ◽  
Red River ◽  
East Texas ◽  
The West ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Two Samples

Recent archaeological investigations at the West Mound at the Sanders site (41LR2), on the Red River in Lamar County, Texas, disclosed substantial archaeological deposits associated with a burned clay floor to an ancestral Caddo structure in the mound. A significant part of the archaeological deposit were unburned animal bones of turtle, deer, and bison, along with Middle Caddo period, Sanders phase, fine and utility ware ceramic sherds; Sanders is one of 26 known Caddo sites in East Texas with bison bones and/or tools. In this article, I discuss the results of the radiocarbon dating of two samples of animal bone—deer and bison—from the West Mound at the Sanders site.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Dating of Individual Fatty Acids as a Tool for Refining Antarctic Margin Sediment Chronologies

Radiocarbon ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naohiko Ohkouchi ◽  
Timothy I Eglinton ◽  
John M Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Ross Sea ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Sea Surface

We have measured the radiocarbon contents of individual, solvent-extractable, short-chain (C14, C16, and C18) fatty acids isolated from Ross Sea surface sediments. The corresponding 14C ages are equivalent to that of the post-bomb dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) reservoir. Moreover, molecular 14C variations in surficial (upper 15 cm) sediments indicate that these compounds may prove useful for reconstructing chronologies of Antarctic margin sediments containing uncertain (and potentially variable) quantities of relict organic carbon. A preliminary molecular 14C chronology suggests that the accumulation rate of relict organic matter has not changed during the last 500 14C yr. The focus of this study is to determine the validity of compound-specific 14C analysis as a technique for reconstructing chronologies of Antarctic margin sediments.

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