scholarly journals Monitoring the Accuracy of Measurements the Load of Industrial Enterprises

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 393-410
Author(s):  
V. A. Anishchenko ◽  
T. V. Pisaruk
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Active Load ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Reliability Control ◽  
Measured Load

The normalized accuracy of the installed measuring instruments determines the scheduled measurement accuracy of the daily active load of an industrial enterprise. To maintain  it during operation, syntactic and semantic methods can be used to control the reliability of load measurements. During syntactic control, the state of measuring instruments that collect and process information about the enterprise’s load is diagnosed. Semantic control is based on the use of probabilistic characteristics of the measured load. The condition necessary for semantic control is the presence of information redundancy about the values of the monitored load. It is possible to control the load limit values (settings) when a priori information is known about the lower and upper limits in which reliably measured load values in normal operation of the enterprise may be contained. The article considers control methods that use a posteriori redundant information about the dynamics of load alterations in various sections of the daily schedule. These methods include monitoring by the first increments of the load, which characterize the speed of its alterations, as well as control using linear and nonlinear extrapolations of the first increments.  The results of the analysis of probabilistic characteristics of the daily active load of the enterprise and its first increments, which characterize the rate of load change, are presented. The effect of probabilistic characteristics of the first load increments on the boundaries of making a decision about the reliability of measurements is demonstrated. A comparative analysis of the effectiveness of reliability control methods based on the first load increments and their extrapolated values  has been carried out on the example of measurements of daily active load schedules of the “Minsk Motor Plant” JSC.

Evaluation of the accuracy indicators in determination of the coating thickness by crater grinding method

2020 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
K. V. Gogolinsky ◽  
A. E. Ivkin ◽  
V. V. Alekhnovich ◽  
A. Yu. Vasiliev ◽  
A. E. Tyurnina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coating Thickness ◽  
Functional Dependence ◽  
Measurement Procedure ◽  
Metrological Certification ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Properties Of Coatings ◽  
Special Equipment ◽  
Grinding Method ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Wide Range

Thickness is one of the key indicators characterizing the quality and functional properties of coatings. Various indirect methods (electromagnetic, radiation, optical) most often used in practice to measure thickness are based on the functional dependence of a particular physical parameter of the system «base – coating» on the coating thickness. The sensitivity of these procedures to the certain properties of coatings imposes the main restriction to the accuracy of measurements. Therefore, the development and implementation of the approaches based on direct measurements of geometric parameters of the coating appears expedient. These methods often belong to the class of «destructive» and, in addition to measuring instruments, require the use of special equipment. To ensure the uniformity of measurements in the laboratory or technological control, these methods are isolated as a separate procedure (method) and must undergo metrological certification in accordance with GOST R 8.563–2009. We present implementation, metrological certification and practical application of the method for measuring thickness of coatings by crater-grinding method. The principles of technical implementation of test equipment, measurement procedure and calculation formulas are described. The results of evaluating the accuracy indicators of the proposed procedure by calculation and experimental methods are presented. In both cases, the relative error did not exceed 6%. The applicability of the developed technique is shown for a wide range of coating materials (from soft metals to superhard ceramics) of different thickness (with from units to hundreds of micrometers). Apart from the goals of process control and outgoing inspection, the method can be recommended as a reference measurement procedure for calibration of measures and adjusting samples for various types of thickness gauges.

scholarly journals PMD Study & Measurement – Fixed Analyzer Method

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rastislav Motuz ◽  
Petr Munster ◽  
Miloslav Filka
Keyword(s):  
Optical Networks ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Polarization Mode Dispersion ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Mode Dispersion ◽  
Compensation Methods ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements ◽  
Modular Platform

The paper theoretically describes Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD) which is important parameter in high-speed optical networks. Furthermore, compensation methods and measurement principles are presented. Main attention is given to Fixed Analyzer (FA) method that uses common research laboratory equipment in setup. We performed practical measurement of the PMD by using Optical Spectrum Analyzer (OSA) Anritsu MS9740A, in-line polarizers and a polarization controller. To verify the accuracy of measurements Reference Measurement (RM) using a modular platform EXFO FTB-200 in combination with CD/PMD module EXFO FTB-5700 was performed. Moreover, PMD etalons with defined values of delay was used for measurement. All results were evaluated in comparison with defined limit values.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Using the Auxiliary Boiler for Peak Power Generation by a Steam Turbine of NPP

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-90
Author(s):  
V. A. Khrustalev ◽  
M. V. Garievskii
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Heat Output ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
System Effect ◽  
Industrial Enterprises

The article presents the technique of an estimation of efficiency of use of potential heat output of an auxiliary boiler (AB) to improve electric capacity and manoeuvrability of a steam turbine unit of a power unit of a nuclear power plant (NPP) equipped with a water-cooled water-moderated power reactor (WWER). An analysis of the technical characteristics of the AB of Balakovo NPP (of Saratov oblast) was carried out and hydrocarbon deposits near the NPP were determined. It is shown that in WWER nuclear power plants in Russia, auxiliary boilers are mainly used only until the normal operation after start-up whereas auxiliary boiler equipment is maintained in cold standby mode and does not participate in the generation process at power plants. The results of research aimed to improve the systems of regulation and power management of power units; general principles of increasing the efficiency of production, transmission and distribution of electric energy, as well as the issues of attracting the potential of energy technology sources of industrial enterprises to provide load schedules have been analyzed. The possibility of using the power complex NPP and the AB as a single object of regulation is substantiated. The authors’ priority scheme-parametric developments on the possibility of using the thermal power of the auxiliary boilers to increase the power of the steam turbine of a nuclear power plant unit equipped with WWER reactors unit during peak periods, as well as the enthalpy balance method for calculating heat flows, were applied. The surface area of the additional heater of the regeneration “deaerator – high pressure heaters” system and its cost were calculated. On the basis of calculations, it was shown that the additional power that can be obtained in the steam turbine of the NPP with a capacity of 1200 MW due to the use of heat of the modernized auxiliary boiler in the additional heat exchanger is 40.5 MW. The additional costs for the implementation of the heat recovery scheme of the auxiliary boiler at different prices for gas fuel and the resulting system effect were estimated in an enlarged way. Calculations have shown the acceptability of the payback period of the proposed modernization.

scholarly journals Management of the formation of stocks of material resources of the enterprise

2021 ◽  
pp. 191-197
Author(s):  
A. Sumets
Keyword(s):  
Economic Effect ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Analog Model ◽  
Manufacturing Enterprise ◽  
Logistics System ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Net Profit ◽  
The Impact

The article deals with the problem of forming a reasonable level of stocks of material resources of the logistics system of a manufacturing enterprise. It was stated that in the share of material resources of industrial enterprises, the leading place is occupied by stocks of raw materials, materials, semi-finished products, and blanks. The latter belong to the category of inventories. Therefore, the management of this type of material resources is one of the most urgent tasks for enterprises. In this regard, there is a need for a modern approach to the problem of managing stocks of material resources and the economic assessment of the profitability of creating production and commercial stocks. And at the same time, one of the important questions is to determine their optimal volume. It was found that when forming stocks of material resources, it is necessary to simultaneously comply with the requirements for the sufficiency of their volume to ensure the normal operation of the enterprise's logistics system, to reduce their volume as much as possible while increasing the degree of mobility, and to minimize the total costs associated with the formation of stocks. An analog model for assessing the economic efficiency of the influence of changes in the size of the stock of material resources on the comparative economic effect of the logistics activities of an enterprise is proposed for practical use. This model takes into account the causal relationship between natural (partial) and cost (generalizing) indicators of the inventory management system of material resources and provides an opportunity to calculate the comparative economic effect of changes in the volume of inventories at the enterprise. In practice, this will make it possible to economically substantiate the decision on the need to form stocks of one or another type of material resources. It is shown that the economic effect of the functioning of the logistics system of a manufacturing enterprise is significantly influenced by the growth of fixed and circulating assets. To determine the assessment of the impact of the growth of fixed and current assets on the value of the economic effect, an analog model is proposed. The main structural elements of such a model are an increase in capital investments in fixed assets, an increase in profits from product sales, a change in logistics costs, an increase (savings) in investment in current assets, a change in the cost of production. These factors are directly related to the growth of depreciation charges, the increase in profits from the acceleration of inventory turnover and the increase in net profit. Taking into account the results of the studies performed, it was found that the economic effect is formed by the total discounted net profit and the amount of depreciation (provided there are no penalties) minus the total additional capital investments in the enterprise. To calculate the economic effect, a corresponding mathematical relationship is proposed. The key words: enterprise, stock, stock size, material resources, evaluation, relative economic effect.

Determination of precision conditions for measuring relative values in mechanical tests of various materials

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Svetlana Yu. Lohanina ◽  
Olga V. Baranova ◽  
Larisa V. Trubacheva
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Mechanical Testing ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Metrological Characteristics ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Quantitative Chemical Analysis ◽  
Uniformity Of Measurements ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Abrasive Disk ◽  
Accuracy Of Measurements

The problem of insufficient detail of the requirements for the developed and certified measurement methods used in mechanical testing of various materials is considered. The compatibility of the requirements of metrological support for the results of quantitative chemical analysis and indirect results of mechanical tests for the wear resistance of materials when rubbing against a fixed abrasive is relevant. To ensure the accuracy of measurements, it is proposed to use the grain size of the abrasive material and the rotation speed of the abrasive disk as variable factors. In order to establish the requirements for the metrological characteristics of materials during mechanical tests, in particular, when determining the relative wear resistance, the conditions for precision measurements are justified. The results of a multi-stage experiment-testing of materials for wear resistance with the use of various research and consumables, measuring instruments and testing equipment are presented. The conditions for the organization of the experiment in the case of determining other relative mechanical characteristics of the materials under study for establishing precision indicators in the development of methods of mechanical tests for abrasive wear are proposed and justified. The application of the obtained results will allow developers of mechanical testing methods to establish metrological characteristics of materials in compliance with all the requirements of the State System for Ensuring the Uniformity of Measurements of the Russian Federation.

Vibration suppression for large-scale flexible structures based on cable-driven parallel robots

2020 ◽  
pp. 107754632096194
Author(s):  
Haining Sun ◽  
Xiaoqiang Tang ◽  
Senhao Hou ◽  
Xiaoyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Vibration Suppression ◽  
Control Method ◽  
External Disturbance ◽  
Flexible Structures ◽  
Parallel Robot ◽  
Parallel Robots ◽  
Lyapunov Theory ◽  
Normal Operation ◽  
Control Methods

Specific satellites with ultralong wings play a crucial role in many fields. However, external disturbance and self-rotation could result in undesired vibrations of the flexible wings, which affect the normal operation of the satellites. In severe cases, the satellites would be damaged. Therefore, it is imperative to conduct vibration suppression for these flexible structures. Utilizing fuzzy-proportional integral derivative control and deep reinforcement learning (DRL), two active control methods are proposed in this article to rapidly suppress the vibration of flexible structures with quite small controllable force based on a cable-driven parallel robot. Inspired by the output law of DRL, a new control method named Tang and Sun control is innovatively presented based on the Lyapunov theory. To verify the effectiveness of these three control methods, three groups of simulations with different initial disturbances are implemented for each method. Besides, to enhance the contrast, a passive pretightening scheme is also tested. First, the dynamic model of the cable-driven parallel robot which comprises four cables and a flexible structure is established using the finite element method. Then, the dynamic behavior of the model under the controllable cable force is analyzed by the Newmark-ß method. Finally, these control methods are implemented by numerical simulations to evaluate their performance, and the results are satisfactory, which validates the controllers’ ability to suppress vibrations.

scholarly journals DATABASE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MANAGEMENT INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY IN THE INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISE

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Алексей Курлов ◽  
Aleksey Kurlov ◽  
Андрей Гулевитский ◽  
Andrey Gulevitsky
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Industrial Enterprise ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Preparatory Stage ◽  
Implementation Of Innovations

This article focuses on the decision of problems of increase of efficiency of introduction of innovation in industrial enterprise. The publication includes a description of the author's approach to innovation in the industrial enterprise, implemented in the form of a database. The main functions of the database are divided into two main stages – preparatory and informative. The functions of the preparatory stage include the collection of information about the industrial enterprise, the rationale for the choice of innovation, determination of the composition and administration of training (retraining), justification of the technical appearance of innovation. At the supporting stage, the database allows information support in the development and implementation of innovations in terms of timing, volume and costs, to carry out a priori and a posteriori evaluation of the quality of innovation on the basis of situational norms, as well as support for decision-making on innovation management in the industrial enterprise. The database is based on the theory of system analysis, the basic principles of the theory of innovation, methods of situational modeling, graph theory and probability theory. The results of the developed database can be used by modern industrial enterprises in the implementation of innovations.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF STATISTICAL METHODS TO ASSESS THE METROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RADIO-HOLOGRAPHIC MEASURING COMPLEXES

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-181
Author(s):  
A. P. Grinchuk ◽  
A. G. Buday ◽  
A. V. Gromyko
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Directional Pattern ◽  
Acceptance Testing ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Random Errors ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Measuring Complex

Practical application of the radio-holographic method for measuring the characteristics of antennas, especially when conducting acceptance testing of systems, requires an adequate assessment of the errors in the recovery of long-range characteristics. These errors appear to be a superposition composed of various sources, having different nature, different time characteristics and different degrees of influence on the final result. The purpose of this work was the development of a practical technique for determining the influence of random errors in measuring the amplitude-phase distribution of the field of the antenna required for the accuracy of restoring long-range characteristics (primarily the antenna pattern) of the antenna, the proposed technique being based only on processing the experimental results obtained with this measuring complex.A practical method for determining the influence of random errors in measuring the amplitude-phase distribution of the field of the antenna under study on the accuracy of restoring its long-range characteristics (primarily the directional pattern) on the basis of correlation and spectral analysis has been developed and experimentally confirmed. The main advantage of the developed method in comparison with the use of mathematical modeling is that the estimation of the accuracy of the reconstruction of the directivity diagrams is based on the results of processing experimental data obtained on a specific measuring complex and does not a priori impose any preliminary requirements on the statistical parameters of errors. The developed procedure for estimating the influence of random errors can be used to develop a methodology for metrological certification of measuring systems as measuring instruments.

scholarly journals ORGANIZATION OF MONITORING OF QUALITY OF INNOVATION PROCESSES IN ENTERPRISES OF ELECTRONIC INDUSTRY

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 110-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Gulevitskij ◽  
A. V. Kurlov ◽  
V. V. Kurlov
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Industrial Enterprise ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Preparatory Stage ◽  
Implementation Of Innovations

This article focuses on the decision of problems of increase of efficiency of introduction of innovation in industrial enterprise. The publication includes a description of the author’s approach to innovation in the industrial enterprise, implemented in the form of a database. The main functions of the database are divided into two main stages – preparatory and informative. The functions of the preparatory stage include the collection of information about the industrial enterprise, the rationale for the choice of innovation, determination of the composition and administration of training (retraining), justification of the technical appearance of innovation. At the supporting stage, the database allows information support in the development and implementation of innovations in terms of timing, volume and costs, to carry out a priori and a posteriori evaluation of the quality of innovation on the basis of situational norms, as well as support for decision-making on innovation management in the industrial enterprise. The database is based on the theory of system analysis, the basic principles of the theory of innovation, methods of situational modeling, graph theory and probability theory. The results of the developed database can be used by modern industrial enterprises in the implementation of innovations.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF INSTANT CONTROL METHODS OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS ERRORS

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Mykola Mykyychuk ◽  
◽  
Kh Repetylo ◽  
I Pryjmachuk ◽  
Y Khoma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Control Methods
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