scholarly journals Quantitative methods for assessing the microstructure of steel and alloys for revising outdated GOST standards

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
A. A. Kazakov ◽  
D. V. Kiselev ◽  
E. A. Kazakova
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Particle Analysis ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Metallic Inclusions ◽  
Semi Solid ◽  
Inclusions In Steel

The current state of GOST, which regulates the quality of the structure of steels and alloys, has significantly lagged behind the progress in the compositions and technologies for obtaining modern steels and alloys. Using the example of microstructural banding of steel, it is shown how to overcome this gap and bring the methodology developed in Russia to the level of interstate GOST.Other problems of quantitative evaluation of structural components of steels and alloys that can become the basis of industry, national and interstate standards are considered: microstructural heterogeneity of sheet metal; non-metallic inclusions in steel, including automation of GOST 1778-70, evaluation methods using the ASTM E1245 methodology and statistics of extreme values, as well as automatic particle analysis; central axial inhomogeneity of a slab; liquation strip in sheet metal; the proportion of coarse bainite blocks used to describe the properties of modern pipe steels; the structure of joints after multi-pass welding; the metallurgical quality of heat-resistant nickel alloys; the structure of alloys treated in a semi-solid state; the structure of pre-eutectic silumins; non-metallic inclusions in aluminum alloys (PoDFA method); the structure of high-strength cast iron; grain size distribution.

scholarly journals Mould Components Impact on Structure and Quality of Elektron 21 Alloy

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Dybowski ◽  
A. Kiełbus ◽  
R. Jarosz
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Shrinkage Porosity ◽  
Sand Cast ◽  
Magnesium Casting ◽  
Metallic Inclusions

Abstract Magnesium alloys due to their low density and high strength-to-weight ratio are promising material for the automotive and aerospace industries. Many elements made from magnesium alloys are produced by means of sand casting. It is essential to investigate impact of the applied mould components on the microstructure and the quality of the castings. For the research, six identical, 100x50x20mm plates has been sand cast from the Elektron 21 magnesium casting alloy. Each casting was fed and cooled in a different way: one, surrounded by mould sand, two with cast iron chills 20mm and 40mm thick applied, another two with the same chills as well as feeders applied and one with only the feeder applied. Solid solution grain size and eutectics volume fraction were evaluated quantitatively in Met-Ilo program, casting defects were observed on the scanning electron microscope Hitachi S3400N. The finest solid solution grain was observed in the castings with only the chills applied. Non metallic inclusions were observed in each plate. The smallest shrinkage porosity was observed in the castings with the feeders applied.

Decrease of Springback by Geometrical Modification of the Sheet Metal Part

2014 ◽  
Vol 1018 ◽  
pp. 277-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annika Weinschenk ◽  
Wolfram Volk
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Deep Drawing ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
Preventive Measure ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Lightweight Construction ◽  
Metal Part ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Material Parameters

Super high strength steels are used as the importance of lightweight construction increases. They induce a high amount of springback during removal of a tool and this has to be compensated. Previously developed methods of springback compensation [1] have two disadvantages. Firstly springback of a u-shaped profile cannot be compensated in one deep drawing step. Secondly these methods only take the material parameters of one sheet metal batch into account. With varying material properties, problems arise because the tool is especially designed for one sheet metal batch. Therefore the objective of this work is not to compensate springback but to reduce it by a preventive measure which allows the production of a u-shaped profile by one deep drawing step. An additional advantage of the measure, which consists of a geometric change of the punch radii and is defined by several parameters, is that the influence of the sheet metal batch on springback is significantly reduced. This can be realised by a suitable choice of values for these parameters. Apart from this measure a method was developed whereby appropriate values for the parameters can be determined on the basis of a metamodel without the need of individual simulations. By way of example the method is applied to a u-shaped profile, however it can be used for structural components in general.

Research of quality of high-strength shipbuilding steel with high concentration of calcium

2019 ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
V. G. Miliuts ◽  
V. V. Tsukanov ◽  
A. G. Pavlov ◽  
D. L. Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Nonmetallic Inclusions ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Shipbuilding Steel ◽  
Metallic Inclusions ◽  
Aluminum Deoxidation

The paper studies the microstructure, presence and qualitative composition of nonmetallic inclusions, mechanical tests of industrial smelting of high-strength shipbuilding steel with calcium concentration in the bucket sample of 0.009% have been performed. Steel with a high concentration of calcium is contaminated with a variety of stitch oxide inclusions, and therefore the mechanical properties of the rolled product are sharply reduced (impact strength, ductility in the Z-direction, fracture quality of technological samples). It is shown that the upper permissible limit of calcium content in steel is within the range 0.004–0.009%, but it is necessary to clarify it performing additional research. To ensure high purity of high-strength shipbuilding steel for non-metallic inclusions, it is vital to observe a strictly regulated technology of aluminum deoxidation and modification by ferrocalcium with obtaining the content of these elements in the metal in the previously recommended limits 0.01–0.02 and 0.002–0.004% respectively.

Advanced Cutting Technology in Process Chains for High Strength Steels

2005 ◽  
Vol 6-8 ◽  
pp. 817-824
Author(s):  
Reimund Neugebauer ◽  
V. Kräusel ◽  
H. Bräunlich
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
New Production ◽  
Process Chains ◽  
Body Construction ◽  
Metal Materials ◽  
Cutting Processes

The application of high-tensile sheet metal materials in car body construction requires the development of new production strategies for preparing sheet metal part edges where laser welding operations have to be performed. Using up this sheet materials in cutting processes for car bodies lead to higher stressing of active tool parts. To arrive the same tool life quantities as is presently the standard in the production process using conventional materials it is necessary to modify the tool designs for cutting tools, to determine well adapted tool materials and coatings, to choose modified lubricants and to optimize the surface quality of tools for cutting operations.

Analysis of the Crack Initiation at Non-Metallic Inclusions in High-Strength Steels

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 468-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Grad ◽  
B. Reuscher ◽  
A. Brodyanski ◽  
M. Kopnarski ◽  
E. Kerscher
Keyword(s):  
Crack Initiation ◽  
High Strength Steels ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Metallic Inclusions

PYROMET 600

Alloy Digest ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Base Alloy ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Nuclear Industry ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Resistance To Oxidation ◽  
Technology Corporation ◽  
Carpenter Technology Corporation ◽  
Nickel Base

Abstract Pyromet 600 is a corrosion-resisting nickel-base alloy, having a very desirable combination of high strength and workability, both hot and cold. It has high strength and resistance to oxidation at high temperatures. It is designed to meet the highest quality of the nuclear industry. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, joining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: Ni-149. Producer or source: Carpenter Technology Corporation.

RUUKKI RAEX 300

Alloy Digest ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Wear Resistant

Abstract RUUKKI RAEX 300 (typical yield strength 900 MPa) is part of the Raex family of high-strength and wear-resistant steels with favorable hardness and impact toughness to extend life and decrease wear in structural components. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and shear strength as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on wear resistance as well as forming, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SA-643. Producer or source: Rautaruukki Corporation.

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