scholarly journals Approaches to the application of the analytic hierarchy process in order to make a decision by the head of the border control unit

2021 ◽  
pp. 4-13
Author(s):  
M. N. Sorokin ◽  
D. S. Rabenka
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
The State ◽  
Border Crossing ◽  
Optimal Decision ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Border Control ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Crossing Point

The head of the border control unit faces the need to make the decision on the protection of the state border at the border crossing point every day. Decision-making on the protection of the state border is a complex multifactorial process with the variability of possible final values. The article discusses the possibility of using the hierarchy analysis method for the decision-making process by the head of the border control unit. In order to make an optimal decision, using the method of analyzing hierarchies, it is necessary to decompose the known factors into indicators that directly affect the protection of the state border and the situation at the border crossing point. Decomposition of factors into indicators was carried out by the method of expert assessment, the disadvantage of which is the possible subjectivity of expert judgments. To obtain a sufficient number of qualitative judgments when choosing indicators of factors that directly affect the protection of the state border, the authors propose a method for determining the required number of experts when conducting expert assessments. Based on the results obtained, the allowable size of the expert group was 18 specialists involved in assessing the research problem. The research indicates that the involvement of experts in excess of the specified number leads to the presentation by them of insignificant for decision-making or repeated judgments. In order to achieve the best results, substantiate the proposal of all possible optimal indicators of factors that directly affect the protection of the state border, a categorical selection of experts in the direction of protecting the state border at the border crossing point has been established.

Decision-Making Dysfunctions in Psychiatry—Altered Homeostatic Processing?

Science ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 318 (5850) ◽  
pp. 602-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin P. Paulus
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
The State ◽  
Optimal Decision ◽  
Homeostatic Regulation ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Decision Strategies ◽  
Homeostatic Process ◽  
Gain And Loss

Decision-making consists of selecting an action from a set of available options. This results in an outcome that changes the state of the decision-maker. Therefore, decision-making is part of a homeostatic process. Individuals with psychiatric disorders show altered decision-making. They select options that are either non-optimal or nonhomeostatic. These dysfunctional patterns of decision-making in individuals with psychiatric disorders may fundamentally relate to problems with homeostatic regulation. These may manifest themselves in (i) how the length of time between decisions and their outcomes influences subsequent decision-making, (ii) how gain and loss feedback are integrated to determine the optimal decision, (iii) how individuals adapt their decision strategies to match the specific context, or (iv) how seemingly maladaptive responses result from an attempt to establish an unstable homeostatic balance.

scholarly journals https://isij.eu/article/assessing-variety-expected-losses-upon-materialisation-threats-banking-information-systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 89-118
Author(s):  
Olha Izmailova ◽  
Hanna Krasovska ◽  
Kateryna Krasovska ◽  
Volodymyr Zaslavskyi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Business Process ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Expert Assessments ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Scenario Approach

The article addresses the problem of estimating the expected losses of a bank when information security threats to functioning computer systems materialize. A scenario approach to solving the problem is developed based on multi-criteria decision-making methods, taking into account quantitative and qualitative indicators and expert assessment, and applying the analytic hierarchy process for comprehensive assessment of expected losses in probabilistic terms. That allows to take into account different levels of the hierarchy of criteria and the weight of their impact on the calculated results. The process of estimating the probability of materialization of various threats under accepted standards and situational conditions, the actions of the attacker and the consequences on the bank’s functioning is formalized. Expert assessments are grouped with control over the sufficiency of the degree of logic and dispersion of opinions of each expert, compliance with the established requirements for the degree of consistency of opinions of the group of experts, assessment and formalized consideration of the degree of their competence. The process of assessing expected losses is presented as a daily business process of the functioning of the bank’s security system.

Where Governmentality Ends: Border Control Officers and Deportations of Sojourners in Israel

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oded Korczyn
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
The State ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Border Control ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Shed Light

AbstractThis paper will shed light on the deportation process of visaless sojourners staying and working in Israel. I will explain how state bureaucrats, specifically border control officers of the Enforcement Unit of the Interior Ministry (in Hebrew,hamemune al bikoret hagvulot beyekhidat ha'akhifa, misrad hapnim) are able to conduct activities that cause suffering to sojourners while still viewing themselves as moral human beings, by breaking down the decision-making process into a series of dichotomic categories, by defining Zionism as a context that justifies deportation, and by governing their emotions. I claim that in Israel, state bureaucrats view sojourners as unmanageable and incorrigible. Consequently, deportation becomes a logical course of action. Such an approach, which stresses the bureaucratic aspect of national projects, enables a better understanding of how the “State” is able to perform large-scale projects that cause suffering to individuals.

scholarly journals Biometric technology in “no-gate border crossing solutions” under consideration of privacy, ethical, regulatory and social acceptance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne Binder ◽  
Andrea Iannone ◽  
Chad Leibner
Keyword(s):  
Social Practice ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Border Crossing ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Border Control ◽  
Biometric Technology ◽  
Identity Recognition ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Crossing Point

AbstractBiometric technologies have become the main focus in the design of state-of-the-art border security solutions. While respective research in the field of multimedia vision has been centred around improving quality and accuracy of identity recognition, the impact of such technologies upon society and legal regulations still remains a topic unaddressed, specifically within the engineering community. Research in technology can and in some respect must include collaboration with social sciences and social practice. Building on participation in the EU funded research project PERSONA [18] (Privacy, Ethical, Regulatory and SOcial No-gate crossing point solutions Acceptance), authors of this paper look at the challenges associated with biometrics-based solutions in no-gate border crossing point scenarios. This included the procedures needed for the assessment of their social, ethical, privacy and regulatory acceptance, particularly in view of the impact on both, the passengers and border control authorities as well as the potential pitfalls of biometric technology due to fraudulent activities. In consultation with the collaborating border control authorities, the paper reports on the formal assessment of biometric technologies for real-world acceptance to cope with the increasing demand of global travellers crossing state borders.

scholarly journals APPLICATION OF MULTIPLE-CRITERIA DECISION-MAKING TECHNIQUES AND APPROACHES TO EVALUATING OF SERVICE QUALITY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 1034-1068 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Mardani ◽  
Ahmad Jusoh ◽  
Edmundas Kazimieras Zavadskas ◽  
Zainab Khalifah ◽  
Khalil Md Nor
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Airline Industry ◽  
Fuzzy Ahp ◽  
Multiple Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Multiple Criteria ◽  
Application Area ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy

The main purpose of this paper is to present a systematic review of multiple- criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques used in the assessment of service qual- ity. This study reviewed a total of 79 articles from 51 journals, published from 2001 to 2015. Articles were classified into 10 application areas and scopes. Furthermore, articles were categorised based on an author, year, application area, the nationality of the author, ‏technique, a number of criteria, research purpose, gap and research problem, results and outcome. The best criteria were determined in each article. The results of this study re- vealed that more papers on MCDM were published in 2011 than in any other year. Inte- grated techniques, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy AHP methods, were ranked as first and second methods in use, respectively. Finally, the airline industry was ranked as the first application area, in which previous studies applied MCDM techniques for the evaluation of the service quality. This research contributes to the existing literature on the service quality and MCDM. The research outputs are valuable to academics scholars and leaders of organisations and industries in the field of service quality evaluation.

scholarly journals Methodology of Research on the Demand for Development of Transport Infrastructure and Rolling Stock for Perishable Goods Transportation

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
O. A. Voron
Keyword(s):  
Block Diagram ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Economic Relationships ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Perishable Goods ◽  
Refrigerated Transport

In the context of globalisation of economic relationships, intensification of transportation and technological solutions, the methodology of research and development of transport infrastructure requires improvement and adaptation to dynamically changing conditions of the transportation market.The objective of the work is to formalise and to develop a methodology for studying transport infrastructure, including specialised isothermal rolling stock. The initial data on cargo turnover were processed by the methods of mathematical statistics, and the technical parameters of innovative isothermal rolling stock were substantiated using the methods of T. Saaty analytic hierarchy process, expert assessment, and update engineering design process.The article provides an analysis of the cargo turnover of perishable goods transported by railway refrigerated transport in Russia in terms of volumes, types of rolling stock, and origin. The main origin-destination cargo flows are presented by types of transportation (domestic, transit, export, import transport operations). It has been determined that key factors in development of isothermal rolling stock for transportation of perishable goods in the transport system of the country refer to transportation of meat, fish, beer, soft drinks, juices in the segment of domestic transportation. The analysis shows that there are no structural and quantitative shifts in terms of types of transportation and types of cargo.The strategy for development of vehicles for transportation of perishable goods and the methodology are presented in a block diagram, in sections: «statement of the research problem», «decision-making stages», «decision implementation methods and algorithms». It is shown that the problem includes not only development of stationary railway infrastructure and of stages in development of isothermal rolling stock, but also the need to solve organisational, technical, technological, regulatory, and legal problems, as well as tariff regulation.The issues of methodology for designing an innovative isothermal rolling stock are considered referring to possible prospects for its development and areas of operation, as well as to a set of engineering and technological solutions. The study of linear dimensions and useful section of the loading space of various types of isothermal bodies shows the advantage of wagons and swap bodies in comparison with large-capacity refrigerated containers.It is proposed to design a prototype of innovative isothermal rolling stock on the basis of a universal isothermal swap body, configured with various types of refrigerating equipment with specified technical parameters that best meet the requirements of the modern transportation market. The areas of possible use of various types of isothermal rolling stock are analysed considering long-term forecasts for development of agricultural, fishing and processing industries.

Minimizing Missed Opportunities: Modeling Relationships between the State and Business in Russia

2009 ◽  
pp. 42-61
Author(s):  
A. Oleynik
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Common Good ◽  
The State ◽  
Power Relationships ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Missed Opportunities ◽  
Power Domination ◽  
Individual Decision Making ◽  
Optimal Outcomes

Power involves a number of models of choice: maximizing, satisficing, coercion, and minimizing missed opportunities. The latter is explored in detail and linked to a particular type of power, domination by virtue of a constellation of interests. It is shown that domination by virtue of a constellation of interests calls for justification through references to a common good, i.e. a rent to be shared between Principal and Agent. Two sources of sub-optimal outcomes are compared: individual decision-making and interactions. Interactions organized in the form of power relationships lead to sub-optimal outcomes for at least one side, Agent. Some empirical evidence from Russia is provided for illustrative purposes.

Institutionalism: Theory, Decision-making Basis, Method of Criticism

2009 ◽  
pp. 110-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Moskovsky
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Institutional Economics ◽  
Economic Reforms ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Main Attention ◽  
Technological Imperative ◽  
Logical Inconsistency ◽  
Basis Method

The author analyzes the state of institutional economics in contemporary Russia. It is characterized by arbitrary confusion of the ideas of «old», «new» and «mathematical» versions of institutionalism which results in logical inconsistency and even eclectics to be observed in the literature. The new and mathematical versions of institutionalism are shown to be based on legal, political and mathematical determinism tightly connected with the so-called «economic approach» (G. Becker). The main attention is paid to the discussion of theoretical and practical potential of the contemporary classical («old») institutionalism. The author focuses on its philosophical grounds and its technological imperative, the institution of science, the method of criticism, the opportunity of using classical institutionalist ideas as the ideology of economic reforms in Russia.

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