scholarly journals Potential of hazard mapping as a tool for facing COVID-19 transmission: the geo-COVID cartographic platform

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Jesús Perles Roselló ◽  
Juan Francisco Sortino Barrionuevo ◽  
Francisco José Cantarero Prados ◽  
Hugo Castro Noblejas ◽  
Ana Laura De la Fuente Roselló ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Measures ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Rigorous Analysis ◽  
Spatial Unit ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Hazard And Risk ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City ◽  
Hazard Indexes ◽  
Current Risk

The present research analyses the epidemiological bases, the methodology approach and the utility of the Geo-Covid Cartographic Platform to face COVID-19 transmission at an intra-urban scale.  Geo-Covid is based on the study of the main drawbacks and limitations of the current risk maps, and the proposed hazard mapping methodology is presented as an alternative approach with a high spatial-temporal accuracy. It is based on 1) the map of neighborhood active focuses of contagion, which are classified according to several hazard indexes, 2)  the map of highly-transited areas by potential asymptomatic positives cases and 3) the map of Points of Maximum Risk of contagion. In order to test the effectiveness of the proposed methodology for mapping COVID-19 hazard and risk, it has been applied to Málaga City (Spain) during several stages of the epidemic in the city (2020 and 2021). The neighborhood focus of contagion is proposed as the basic spatial unit for the epidemiological diagnosis and the implementation of mitigation and control measures. After the analysis, it has been concluded that the proposed methodology, and thus, the maps included in the Geo-Covid Cartographic Platform allow a realistic and rigorous analysis of the spatial distribution of the epidemic in real-time.

A GIS planning model for urban oil spill management

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Li
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Planning Model ◽  
Local Conservation ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
Environmental Features ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City

Oil spills in industrialized cities pose a significant threat to their urban water environment. The largest city in Canada, the city of Toronto, has an average 300–500 oil spills per year with an average total volume of about 160,000 L/year. About 45% of the spills was eventually cleaned up. Given the enormous amount of remaining oil entering into the fragile urban ecosystem, it is important to develop an effective pollution prevention and control plan for the city. A Geographic Information System (GIS) planning model has been developed to characterize oil spills and determine preventive and control measures available in the city. A database of oil spill records from 1988 to 1997 was compiled and geo-referenced. Attributes to each record such as spill volume, oil type, location, road type, sector, source, cleanup percentage, and environmental impacts were created. GIS layers of woodlots, wetlands, watercourses, Environmental Sensitive Areas, and Areas of Natural and Scientific Interest were obtained from the local Conservation Authority. By overlaying the spill characteristics with the GIS layers, evaluation of preventive and control solutions close to these environmental features was conducted. It was found that employee training and preventive maintenance should be improved as the principal cause of spills was attributed to human errors and equipment failure. Additionally, the cost of using oil separators at strategic spill locations was found to be $1.4 million. The GIS model provides an efficient planning tool for urban oil spill management. Additionally, the graphical capability of GIS allows users to integrate environmental features and spill characteristics in the management analysis.

scholarly journals SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PHLEBOTOMINAE IN PUERTO IGUAZU-MISIONES, ARGENTINA-BRAZIL-PARAGUAY BORDER AREA

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Soledad Santini ◽  
Ignacio Tomas Gould ◽  
Mariana Manteca Acosta ◽  
Pablo Berrozpe ◽  
Soraya Alejandra Acardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Human Case ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Border Area ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
The Moment ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City

SUMMARY The first Argentinian autochthonous human case of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) was confirmed in Posadas (Misiones) in 2006. Since then, the disease has increased its incidence and geographical distribution. In the 2006-2012 period, 107 human cases were detected (11 deaths). The presence of Lutzomyia longipalpis was detected in peridomiciles in Puerto Iguazú urban area in 2010; some of these findings were associated with households where cases of canine VL had already been reported. The objective of this study was to ascertain the abundance and spatial distribution of Lu. longipalpis in Puerto Iguazú City, on the Argentina-Brazil-Paraguay border. Lu. longipalpis proved to be exclusively urban and was found in 31% of the households sampled (n = 53), 67% of which belonged to areas of low abundance, 20% to areas of moderate abundance and 13% to areas of high abundance. Nyssomyia whitmani was the only species found both in urban and peri-urban environments, and Migonemyia migonei was registered only on the outskirts of the city. Due to the fact that Puerto Iguazú is considered to be at moderate risk at the moment, it is necessary to intensify human and canine case controls, as well as take integrated prevention and control measures regarding the environment, vectors and reservoirs on the Argentina-Brazil-Paraguay border area.

scholarly journals Contributions to reduce the flood problems in critical points of the micro drainage system in the city of Carazinho

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Carolina Pasquetti Koppe ◽  
Vinícius Scortegagna ◽  
Virgínia Meneguzzi ◽  
Anelise Sertoli Lopes Gil ◽  
Matheus De Conto Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Control Devices ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City

With the emergence of excessive flooding in the urban environment, the need for unconventional drainage control measures within the limitations of conventional solutions becomes evident. In the present study, infiltration trenches and reservoirs that collect and reserve rainwater were designed as control devices, attenuating the socio-environmental impacts caused by waterproofing of urban areas in the hydrological cycle and in the behavior of the hydrographic basins in question. The measurements were made for two flooding points found in the city of Carazinho – RS, located on Marquês do Pombal Street and São Bento Avenue, due to the obstruction of gutters and street inlets, paving and waterproofing of the ground due to urbanization, lack of maintenance and cleaning of the micro drainage system along with the inability of the system to collect all the volume of water from the runoff. The reductions in flow rate in these areas through the use of trenches were 16% and 15% for the first and second flooding point, respectively, while the use of the delay reservoirs together with the infiltration trenches resulted in a 29% reduction in the first flooding point and 27.5% in the second flooding point. Therefore, it is evident that the use of unconventional control measures is vital to the reduction of the peaks of the flow rate and control of the surface runoff.

scholarly journals MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF DRINKING TAPS OF A PUBLIC UNIVERSITY IN THE STATE OF PIAUÍ

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Anderson De Melo Moreira ◽  
Willden John Lopes de Aguiar ◽  
Olavo Dionísio da Silva Dias ◽  
Tiago Medeiros da Silva ◽  
Amanda De Oliveira Sousa Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Public University ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Hospital Infections ◽  
Isolated Populations ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Oxacillin Resistance ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City

Objectives: to carry out the microbiological analysis of drinking taps at a public university in the city of Teresina, Piauí. Methodology: Samples were collected from the faucets of 59 water fountains, inside the campus. Results: The results showed that all drinking water analyzed showed microbial growth, except one. Microorganisms such as Candida sp, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus (including S. aureus) and other enterobacteria were found. In order to verify the antimicrobial activity of S. aureus isolated populations, 5 different antimicrobial types were used, which showed 98% vancomycin resistance and 100% oxacillin resistance. Conclusion: microorganisms found as biofilms in taps are potentially pathogenic, especially S. aureus, which is heavily involved in community and hospital infections. The pattern of antimicrobial resistance found in isolated populations requires further studies and control measures to avoid its propagation.Análise microbiológica das torneiras dos bebedouros de uma universidade pública do estado do Piauí

scholarly journals From Bal Masques to Masked Balls

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle Lallement ◽  
Aurélie Godet
Keyword(s):  
Control Measures ◽  
Public Place ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
French People ◽  
French Tradition ◽  
The Moment ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City

The lifting of COVID-19-related-lockdown was greeted cautiously in Paris on May 11, 2020. There was some tentative singing, drinks with friends at a nearby café, a few cameras to immortalize the moment… Yet, barely an hour after the beginning of this first phase of France’s “deconfinement” plan, a small crowd of people gathered on the Champs Elysées to celebrate the ability to get out without a self-authorized written certification of their purpose. Nothing too exuberant, but still, seeing these residents gather in a public place that has welcomed so many Parisian festive gatherings said a lot about the general mood of the city. Like the “apéro Skype” trend[1] to which French people had reluctantly given in, the event was flaunted as a powerful emblem of the confinement period. Indeed, this text argues that social distancing has paradoxically revealed the role that festive sociability plays in our lives. In the era of protective and control measures (“gestes-barrières” in French), festivity has become all the more precious as it has been made almost impossible.   [1] [Translator’s note] “Apéro” is short for aperitif (pre-dinner drinks). As this French tradition moved online during lockdown, a new ritual was born, that of the “apéro Skype” or “Skypéro” (a portmanteau word with the same meaning).

scholarly journals Circulation of the rabies virus in non-hematophagous bats in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, during 2001-2010

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudius Couto Cabral ◽  
Ana Carolina Nunes de Morais ◽  
Alba Valéria de Almeida Barcelos Dias ◽  
Marcela Garcia Araújo ◽  
Wildeberg Cal Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rabies Virus ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
And Control ◽  
The City ◽  
Rabies Diagnosis ◽  
De Medicina ◽  
Janeiro City

INTRODUCTION: Rabies is one of the most known lethal zoonosis, responsible for 55,000 human deaths per year. It is transmitted to humans mainly by the bite of domestic or wild animals infected with the virus. This paper shows the circulation of this virus in non-hematophagous bats in the City of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. METHODS: A survey was performed on the number of bats that had been sent for diagnosis by the Seção de Virologia of the Instituto Municipal de Medicina Veterinária Jorge Vaitsman and were positive for rabies. The positive animals were identified, and the isolated viruses were sent for antigenic typification with indirect immunofluorescence. The results were compared with the antigenic panel of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. RESULTS: During 2001-2010, the laboratory received 555 non-hematophagous bats for rabies diagnosis, with 198 (35.7%) from Rio de Janeiro City. A total of 11 (5.5%) animals were positive for this disease. Antigenic typification revealed the predominance of variant 3 in 9 (81.8%) of the isolated viruses; 1 virus was classified as variant 4 and 1 variant was identified that segregated with the viruses in insectivorous bats. CONCLUSIONS: The data obtained in this study showed the presence of the rabies virus in synanthropic populations of non-hematophagous bats in the City of Rio de Janeiro. The circulation of this agent in these animals represents a serious risk to human and animal health and requires attention and control measures by the authorities.

Knowledge and Awareness of Dengue Fever

2018 ◽  
pp. 219-222
Author(s):  
Y. Arockia Suganthi ◽  
Chitra K. ◽  
J. Magelin Mary
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Infection Transmission ◽  
Standard Guideline ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Prevention And Control Measures ◽  
Dengue Prevention ◽  
And Control

Dengue fever is a painful mosquito-borne infection caused by different types of virus in various localities of the world. There is no particular medicine or vaccine to treat person suffering from dengue fever. Dengue viruses are transmitted by the bite of female Aedes (Ae) mosquitoes. Dengue fever viruses are mainly transmitted by Aedes which can be active in tropical or subtropical climates. Aedes Aegypti is the key step to avoid infection transmission to save millions of people in all over the world. This paper provides a standard guideline in the planning of dengue prevention and control measures. At the same time gives the priorities including clinical management and hospitalized dengue patients have to address essentially.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document