Ramanuja’s “Gādya-traya” in the Categorical System of Transcendental Hermeneutics by G. Oberhammer. Oberhammer, Gerhard, “Begegnung als Kategorie der Religion Hermeneutik”, Fragment

2021 ◽  
pp. 153-163
Author(s):  
Ruzana V. Pskhu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Philosophical Tradition

The article concerns the place and the role of the text, which is attributed to Rāmānuja, in the philosophical tradition of Viśiṣtādvaita. A historiographical re­view of the studies of the main parts of the Gādya-traya is given (in particular, the main arguments for and against the assertion of Ramanuja’s authorship of this text, put forward in the articles of R. Lester (Rāmānuja and Śrī-Vaiṣṇavism: The Concept of Prapatti or Śaraṇāgatigādya) and N. Nayar (The Concept of prapatti inRāmānuja’s Gītārthasaṃgraha), as well as questions raised by a number of other authors). The role of this text in the late Viśiṣtādvaita tradition (in particular, in the Teṇgalai and Vaḍagalai traditions) is also briefly highlighted. Based on tex­tual comparisons of the Sanskrit texts of the Vaikuṇṭhagādya (one of the parts of “Gādya-traya”) and the “Vedārthasaṃgraha” of Rāmānuja the arguments for and against considering Rāmānuja as the author of this text are considered. The con­tent of the text is interpreted in the aspect of G. Oberhammer’s Transcendental hermeneutics, in particular, one of his categories – “Encounter” (Begegnung). The philosophical content of the category “Encounter” is revealed in one of Oberham­mer’s works (Begegnung als Kategorie der Hermeneutik Religioser Traditionen), the translation of its fragment is adjuncted to this article.

A Rhetorics of the Word

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Pattison
Keyword(s):  
Political Discourse ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Final Part ◽  
Communications Technology ◽  
Christian Life ◽  
Call And Response ◽  
Hermann Broch ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

A Rhetorics of the Word is the second volume of a three-part philosophy of Christian life. It approaches Christian life as expressive of a divine calling or vocation. The word Church (ekklesia) and the role of naming in baptism indicate the fundamental place of calling in Christian life. However, ideas of vocation are difficult to access in a world shaped by the experience of disenchantment. The difficulties of articulating vocation are explored with reference to Weber, Heidegger, and Kierkegaard. These are further connected to a general crisis of language, manifesting in the degradation of political discourse (Arendt) and the impact of new communications technology on human discourse. This impact can be seen as reinforcing an occlusion of language in favour of rationality already evidenced in the philosophical tradition and technocratic management. New possibilities for thinking vocation are pursued through the biblical prophets (with emphasis on Buber’s and Rosenzweig’s reinterpretation of the call of Moses), Saint John, and Russian philosophies of language (Florensky to Bakhtin). Vocation emerges as bound up with the possibility of being name-bearers, enabling a mutuality of call and response. This is then evidenced further in ethics and poetics, where Levinas and Hermann Broch (The Death of Virgil) become major points of reference. In conclusion, the themes of calling and the name are seen to shape the possibility of love—the subject of the final part of the philosophy of Christian life: A Metaphysics of Love.

Conceptual Analysis Rebooted

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edouard Machery
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Method ◽  
Conceptual Analysis ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Philosophical Significance ◽  
Conceptual Engineering ◽  
Method Of Cases

Chapter 7 proposes a new, naturalistic characterization of conceptual analysis, defends its philosophical significance, and shows that usual concerns with conceptual analysis do not apply to this revamped version. So understood, conceptual analysis encompasses both a descriptive project and a normative project, similar to explication or to conceptual engineering. Chapter 7 also defends the philosophical significance of this novel form of conceptual analysis and its continuity with the role of conceptual analysis in the philosophical tradition. Furthermore, naturalized conceptual analysis often requires empirical tools to be pursued successfully, and an experimental method of cases 2.0 should often replace the traditional use of cases in philosophy.

scholarly journals Is Lack of Morality an Explanation for the Economic and Financial Crisis? A Catholic Point of View

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-418
Author(s):  
Klára Katona
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Religious Doctrine ◽  
Integral Element ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Economic Thinking

AbstractBefore 2008, several studies provided empirical evidence of a positive correlation between the functions of financial intermediation and economic growth. In 2008, the financial crisis shook trust in this correlation. Several studies found that comprehensive and fundamental changes were needed in the entire financial market. Attention focused on the role of morality as an essential and integral element of the economy, arguing that without a moral attitude at the individual and institutional levels, the whole system necessarily runs into crisis. Among the moral interpretations of the economy, which are concurrently based on philosophical tradition and religious doctrine, the Catholic Church has presented some of the most consistent and unified teachings related to such questions over time, but the effect on economic thinking is less than what relevance and other merits justify. Catholic social teaching suggests morality and the economy are inseparable and highlights the moral interpretation of economic discrepancies. By analyzing theoretical and empirical evidence, this paper assesses the economic validity and legitimacy of Catholic thought about the immanent role of ethics in the economy and the financial crisis.

Minds Without Fear

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nalini Bhushan ◽  
Jay L. Garfield
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
English Language ◽  
Indian Philosophy ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Indian Society ◽  
Nationalist Discourse ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Public Sphere

This is an intellectual and cultural history of India during the period of British occupation. It demonstrates that this was a period of renaissance in India in which philosophy—both in the public sphere and in the Indian universities—played a central role in the emergence of a distinctively Indian modernity. This is also a history of Indian philosophy. It demonstrates how the development of a secular philosophical voice facilitated the construction of modern Indian society and the consolidation of the nationalist movement. We explore the complex role of the English language in philosophical and nationalist discourse, demonstrating both the anxieties that surrounded English, and the processes that normalized it as an Indian vernacular and academic language. We attend both to Hindu and Muslim philosophers, to public and academic intellectuals, to artists and art critics, and to national identity and nation-builidng. We also explore the complex interactions between Indian and European thought during this period, including the role of missionary teachers and study at foreign universities in the evolution of Indian philosophy. We show that this pattern of interaction, although often disparaged as “inauthentic” is continuous with the cosmopolitanism that has always characterized the intellectual life of India, and that the philosophy articulated during this period is a worthy continuation of the Indian philosophical tradition.

scholarly journals Cardinal Virtues in Sport: Prudentia

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Pisk Jernej
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Practical Wisdom ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Moral Decision Making ◽  
Cardinal Virtues ◽  
Western Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Intellectual Capacity ◽  
Past Experiences

Abstract Cardinal virtues present one of the oldest anthropological theories and ethical systems in the western philosophical tradition. Among other great ancient philosophers, Plato talked about four main virtues: prudence (practical wisdom), justice, fortitude (courage), and temperance (moderation). As these virtues are not arbitrary, but instead correspond to some fundamental characteristics of human beings, they are not only useful for moral decision-making, but they also present an original anthropological theory. This paper focuses on the role of prudence in sports. Prudence has two aspects: it is a) cognitive, and b) decision-making. Perceptively it is turned toward reality, “imperatively” toward volition and action. As such, it is a fundamental virtue in sports practices. First of all, its role is in the cognition of the specific situations an athlete is in. In addition, it gives instructions as to how to respond to them. Prudence directed into the cognition of reality involves two main elements, namely memoria and docilitas. The role of memoria consists in developing and enriching special motor memory from past experiences, and so it is one of the goals of any practice of technical elements. Docilitas is the kind of open-mindedness which recognizes the true variety of things and situations to be experienced and does not cage itself in any presumption of deceptive knowledge. As such, it can be recognized in the concept of sports as “knowledge-gaining activity”. The other aspect of prudence is directed towards deciding what actions to take. With solertia, the athlete can swiftly, but with open eyes and clear-sighted vision, decide to do something good in a concrete situation. The second element is providentia (foresight), meaning the capacity to estimate with a sure instinct for the future whether or not a particular action will lead to the realization of a goal. This is demanded of all sports, especially competitive sports, where the deciding factor between top and average athletes is often not physical or technical abilities but the intellectual capacity (or tactics) to foresee what is going to happen on the field in the next few moments.

scholarly journals Institute of Philosophy: Traditions and Innovations

2021 ◽  
Vol - (4) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Anatoliy Yermolenko ◽  
Serhii Yosypenko
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Social Discourse ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Soviet Marxism ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
The Status ◽  
New Research ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The article is devoted to the historical and philosophical analysis of the unique and paradigmatic role of the H.S. Skovoroda Institute of Philosophy, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine in the philosophical life of Ukraine for 75 years since its foundation. The authors outline its role in the process of institutionalizing philosophy in Ukraine from the time of the domination of the dogmas of Soviet Marxism to the introduction of current research traditions in modern Ukrainian philosophy. The continuity and peculiarities of the change of generations of researchers in the field of philosophy and the involvement of Ukrainian philosophical thought in the world intellectual discourse are studied. The article's authors reveal the gradual formation of the Kyiv philosophical tradition, the role of the Institute's leadership in the style and nature of scientific research of certain periods. Particular attention is paid to the institutionalization of new research areas at the Institute, such as political philosophy, philosophy of language and speech, which belong to the leading paradigm of modern philosophy. Attention is paid to the cooperation of the Institute with domestic scientific and educational institutions, its international relations. The status of the leading professional publications, which became significant both in Soviet times and during independence, is highlighted. Finally, the article notes the role and tasks of the Institute in modern social discourse, focuses on the values, the preservation of which is taken care of by representatives of the Institute.

Art and Emotion

Philosophy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Contesi
Keyword(s):  
Indian Philosophy ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Continental Philosophy ◽  
Affective Responses ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Art Appreciation ◽  
First Approximation ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Form Part

The study of the arts in philosophy has often concentrated on the role that emotions (and affective responses more generally) play in art’s creation and value. Philosophical theories of art have sometimes even defined art in terms of its capacity to elicit or express emotions. Philosophers have debated such questions as what it is to express an emotion in art; whether emotions form part of the value of an artwork; whether the emotions involved in art appreciation are of the same kind as those that we experience in real life, or of a different, even sui generis kind (i.e., aesthetic emotions); whether it is rational or appropriate to experience emotions in response to art; and what value, if any, there is in art that evokes unpleasant emotions. Although the focus here will be on what, to a first approximation, can be characterized as the “Western mainstream philosophical tradition,” discussion of the role of emotions in art can also be found in different approaches and traditions of thought: from Indian philosophy to cognitive science, to so-called Continental philosophy.

Scenes of Inclination

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-45
Author(s):  
Adriana Cavarero
Keyword(s):  
Female Body ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Care Giver ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Male Individual ◽  
Philosophical Texts ◽  
Distinctive Role

Cavarero’s ethic of inclination responds to a postural geometric imaginary in the philosophical tradition that is irrefutably gendered. Opening with a reflection on the character of Irina in Italo Calvino’s ‘If, on a winter’s night, a traveller’ she draws out the inclined, sinuous, curving figures of the female common to literary and philosophical texts, and contrasts them to the straight, upright, correct and erect, male figure. Tracing these stereotypes back to Ancient Greek etymology, she charts its progress through the work of Plato, Kant, and Proudhon. From the devalued imagery of the female body as maternal, Cavarero begins her subversion of the philosophical tradition. Following Arendt’s valorisation of the natal scene, Cavarero emphasises the distinctive role of the inclined mother as care giver. This image of inclined motherhood is to form the basis then, of Cavarero’s ethic of inclination—an altruistic ethic that upends the ‘imagined wholeness’ of the dominant liberal model of the independent, self-sufficient male, individual.

Blindsight

Metagnosis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 127-161
Author(s):  
Danielle Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Visual Field Defect ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Neurological Condition ◽  
Epistemic Stance ◽  
Western Philosophical Tradition ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Field Defect

In situating the author’s retrospective visual field “defect” revelation, this chapter begins with the neurological condition of anosognosia—being unaware of a disease—exploring its manifestations and philosophical implications. In addition, another means of understanding the author’s visual field “defect” emerges in the figure of “blindsight,” or unconscious vision. Tracing the relationship between vision and thought in the Western philosophical tradition as well as the philosophical role of blindsight, the chapter then proposes that blindsight models a particular epistemic stance encompassing the known and unknown, one which will prove useful in addressing the phenomenon of metagnosis and beyond.

PHILOSOPHERS AND CITIZENS ON THE AREOPAGUS: LUCIAN'S PROSE TRILOGY

Ramus ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-222
Author(s):  
David Blair Pass
Keyword(s):  
Civic Virtue ◽  
Philosophical Tradition ◽  
Lively Discussion ◽  
Philosophical Writing ◽  
Imperial Period ◽  
The Status ◽  
Civic Community ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

The lively discussion of the relationship between rhetoric and philosophy, the presentation of a theory of writing dialogues that combine elements from different genres and a dramatic frame that presents this theory in an Athenian setting as philosophical schools such as the Stoa and the Academy explain to the citizens their contributions to civic virtue make the Twice Accused not only one of the most important dialogues for understanding Lucian's project but also one of the most important literary treatments of the reception of philosophy in Athens and the status of philosophy in the Imperial period. Because many of the philosophical elements Lucian uses to create his drama—common arguments, well-known attitudes and standard portraits—are conventional, the creativity and originality of the work consists in the combination of these elements and juxtaposition of different scenes and frames; understanding each scene and its significance depends on establishing its relationship to other scenes. This paper will examine the role the Twice Accused plays as part of a trilogy of dialogues together with the Sale of Lives and the Fisherman; the trilogy presents a reflection on the introduction of philosophy and a progressive analysis of the attitudes between citizens and philosophers in the Athenian civic context. Considering the three as a trilogy not only reveals a central tragic intertext but also illuminates the way that the methodological statement at the end of the Twice Accused completes the schema connecting attitudes towards the philosophical tradition to Athenian topography by moderating the extremes of the previous two dialogues and explaining the role of philosophical writing as a mediating force between the demands of philosophy and the needs of the larger civic community.

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