THE ADAPTATION MECHANISM VIEWED FROM THE BEHAVIOR OF ANIMAL: A BIOCHEMICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS (Ⅰ)

AbstractTo date, few phenotypes have been described for Arabidopsis 14-3-3 mutants or the phenotypes showing the role of 14-3-3 in plant responding to abiotic stress. Although one member of the 14-3-3 protein family (14-3-3 omicron) was shown to be involved in the proper operation of Fe acquisition mechanisms at physiological and gene expression levels in Arabidopsis thaliana, it remains to be explored whether other members play a role in regulating iron acquisition. To more directly and effectively observe whether members of 14-3-3 non-epsilon group have a function in Fe-deficiency adaptation, three higher order quadruple KOs, kappa/lambda/phi/chi (klpc), kappa/lambda/upsilon/nu(klun), and upsilon/nu/phi/chi (unpc) were generated and studied for physiological analysis in this study. The analysis of iron-utilization efficiency, root phenotyping, and transcriptional level of Fe-responsive genes suggested that the mutant with kl background showed different phenotypes from Wt when plants suffered Fe starved, while these phenotypes were absent in the unpc mutant. Moreover, the absence of the four 14-3-3 isoforms in the klun mutant has a clear impact on the 14-3-3 interactome upon Fe deficiency. Dynamics of 14-3-3-client interactions analysis showed that 27 and 17 proteins differentially interacted with 14-3-3 in Wt and klun roots caused by Fe deficiency, respectively. Many of these Fe responsive proteins have a role in glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation and TCA cycle, the FoF1-synthase and in the cysteine/methionine synthesis. A clear explanation for the observed phenotypes awaits a more detailed analysis of the functional aspects of 14-3-3 binding to the target proteins identified in this study.

Download Full-text

Comparative transcriptomic and physiological analyses of weedy rice and cultivated rice to identify vital differentially expressed genes and pathways regulating the ABA response

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-92504-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hong Lang ◽

Yuting He ◽

Faliang Zeng ◽

Fan Xu ◽

Minghui Zhao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Differentially Expressed Genes ◽

Differentially Expressed ◽

Weedy Rice ◽

Cultivated Rice ◽

Biotic Stresses ◽

Aba Sensitivity ◽

Aba Catabolism ◽

Physiological Analysis ◽

Response To Stress ◽

Aba Response

AbstractWeedy rice is a valuable germplasm resource characterized by its high tolerance to both abiotic and biotic stresses. Abscisic acid (ABA) serves as a regulatory signal in plant cells as part of their adaptive response to stress. However, a global understanding of the response of weedy rice to ABA remains to be elucidated. In the present study, the sensitivity to ABA of weedy rice (WR04-6) was compared with that of temperate japonica Shennong9816 (SN9816) in terms of seed germination and post-germination growth via the application of exogenous ABA and diniconazole, an inhibitor of ABA catabolism. Physiological analysis and a transcriptomic comparison allowed elucidation of the molecular and physiological mechanisms associated with continuous ABA and diniconazole treatment. WR04-6 was found to display higher ABA sensitivity than SN9816, resulting in the rapid promotion of antioxidant enzyme activity. Comparative transcriptomic analyses indicated that the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in WR04-6 seedlings treated with 2 μM ABA or 10 μM diniconazole was greater than that in SN9816 seedlings. Genes involved in stress defense, hormone signal transduction, and glycolytic and citrate cycle pathways were highly expressed in WR04-6 in response to ABA and diniconazole. These findings provide new insight into key processes mediating the ABA response between weedy and cultivated rice.

Download Full-text

Regulation of Seed Dormancy and Germination Mechanisms in a Changing Environment

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22031357 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (3) ◽

pp. 1357

Author(s):

Ewelina A. Klupczyńska ◽

Tomasz A. Pawłowski

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Seed Dormancy ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Global Climate ◽

Plant Evolution ◽

Suitable Habitat ◽

Climate Change Scenarios ◽

Adaptation Mechanism ◽

Seed Dormancy And Germination

Environmental conditions are the basis of plant reproduction and are the critical factors controlling seed dormancy and germination. Global climate change is currently affecting environmental conditions and changing the reproduction of plants from seeds. Disturbances in germination will cause disturbances in the diversity of plant communities. Models developed for climate change scenarios show that some species will face a significant decrease in suitable habitat area. Dormancy is an adaptive mechanism that affects the probability of survival of a species. The ability of seeds of many plant species to survive until dormancy recedes and meet the requirements for germination is an adaptive strategy that can act as a buffer against the negative effects of environmental heterogeneity. The influence of temperature and humidity on seed dormancy status underlines the need to understand how changing environmental conditions will affect seed germination patterns. Knowledge of these processes is important for understanding plant evolution and adaptation to changes in the habitat. The network of genes controlling seed dormancy under the influence of environmental conditions is not fully characterized. Integrating research techniques from different disciplines of biology could aid understanding of the mechanisms of the processes controlling seed germination. Transcriptomics, proteomics, epigenetics, and other fields provide researchers with new opportunities to understand the many processes of plant life. This paper focuses on presenting the adaptation mechanism of seed dormancy and germination to the various environments, with emphasis on their prospective roles in adaptation to the changing climate.

Download Full-text

Insight derived from molecular dynamics simulation into cold-adaptation mechanism of trypsins

Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics ◽

10.1080/07391102.2019.1635529 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 38 (9) ◽

pp. 2768-2776

Author(s):

Li-Quan Yang ◽

Yi-Rui Yin ◽

Jian-Xin Shen ◽

Yi Li ◽

Shu-Qun Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Dynamics ◽

Molecular Dynamics Simulation ◽

Cold Adaptation ◽

Dynamics Simulation ◽

Adaptation Mechanism

Download Full-text

The metabolic adaptation mechanism of metastatic organotropism

Experimental Hematology and Oncology ◽

10.1186/s40164-021-00223-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Chao Wang ◽

Daya Luo

Keyword(s):

Cancer Cells ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Cancer Progression ◽

Cancer Metabolism ◽

Cancer Metastasis ◽

Tumour Microenvironment ◽

Metabolic Adaptation ◽

Adaptation Mechanism ◽

Metastatic Sites ◽

The Impact

AbstractMetastasis is a complex multistep cascade of cancer cell extravasation and invasion, in which metabolism plays an important role. Recently, a metabolic adaptation mechanism of cancer metastasis has been proposed as an emerging model of the interaction between cancer cells and the host microenvironment, revealing a deep and extensive relationship between cancer metabolism and cancer metastasis. However, research on how the host microenvironment affects cancer metabolism is mostly limited to the impact of the local tumour microenvironment at the primary site. There are few studies on how differences between the primary and secondary microenvironments promote metabolic changes during cancer progression or how secondary microenvironments affect cancer cell metastasis preference. Hence, we discuss how cancer cells adapt to and colonize in the metabolic microenvironments of different metastatic sites to establish a metastatic organotropism phenotype. The mechanism is expected to accelerate the research of cancer metabolism in the secondary microenvironment, and provides theoretical support for the generation of innovative therapeutic targets for clinical metastatic diseases.

Download Full-text