Successful Implementation Of Geomechanics In Deep Water Setting: A Case Study From KG Offshore, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Bhimpalli ◽  
Ashok Shinde ◽  
Bayye L Rao ◽  
Satya Perumalla ◽  
Anjana Panchakarla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Reservoir Rock ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
Geomechanical Model ◽  
Rock Mechanical Properties ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Geomechanics has an important role in assessing formation integrity during well construction and completion. It also has its effect when the wellbore is in production mode. Geomechanical study evaluate the impact of the present day in-situ stress and related mechanical processes on reservoir management. The study field ‘K' belongs to Plio-Pleistocene sequence of deep-water environment with hydrocarbon prospects. This belongs to Post-Rift tectonic stage of evolution with hydrocarbon occurring in structurally controlled traps. As a part of exploration activity, four offset oil wells were drilled earlier which were considered for the geomechanical model construction. Field (K) development plan comprising of six hydrocarbon producers and four water injectors was prepared. Considering the thick water column (300m-650m) in this deep water area of offshore and young unconsolidated sedimentary sequence in the sub-surface, expected pore-pressures can be high whereas the fracture gradient can be low. As a result, the safe drilling mud window can be narrow. Upon successful drilling of a well in such challenging environment without NPT (Non-Productive time), completing the well with best possible technologies suitable to the reservoir's mechanical behavior is utmost important for maximizing the production and minimizing the risk. To mitigate these problems in developing this field, an integrated reservoir geomechanics approach is adopted to optimize the drilling plan and reservoir completion parameters for the planned well. This paper covers the geomechanical study of four wells namely W, X, Y & Z drilled in the field ‘K'. The principal constituents of the geomechanical model are in-situ stresses, pore pressure and the rock mechanical properties. Geomechanical model for the field ‘K' was built utilizing the available data by integrating drilling, geology, petrophysics and reservoir data. Methodology adopted in this paper also highlights how a reliable geomechanical model can be built for a field, which is having data constraints. Constraining of stress magnitudes, orientation and anisotropy added value for efficient well planning in deep waters reservoirs. Calculating well specific reservoir rock mechanical properties, it made possible to identify the most optimal completion strategy. Approach contributed knowledge of geomechanical parameters based on the data of four offset wells has been used for successfully drilling and completion of all the subsequent wells without major challenges. Overall, geomechanical modeling has played a major role in drillability and deliverability of the reservoir. Integrated approach adopted in this paper can be used for well planning and drilling of future wells in East Coast of India with similar geological set up.

scholarly journals Effects of Phase Morphology on Mechanical Properties: Oriented/Unoriented PP Crystal Combination with Spherical/Microfibrillar PET Phase

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dashan Mi ◽  
Yingxiong Wang ◽  
Maja Kuzmanovic ◽  
Laurens Delva ◽  
Yixin Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Phase Morphology ◽  
Mechanical Recycling ◽  
Immiscible Blends ◽  
Poly Ethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Poly Ethylene ◽  
The Impact

In situ microfibrillation and multiflow vibrate injection molding (MFVIM) technologies were combined to control the phase morphology of blended polypropylene (PP) and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), wherein PP is the majority phase. Four kinds of phase structures were formed using different processing methods. As the PET content changes, the best choice of phase structure also changes. When the PP matrix is unoriented, oriented microfibrillar PET can increase the mechanical properties at an appropriate PET content. However, if the PP matrix is an oriented structure (shish-kebab), only the use of unoriented spherical PET can significantly improve the impact strength. Besides this, the compatibilizer polyolefin grafted maleic anhydride (POE-g-MA) can cover the PET in either spherical or microfibrillar shape to form a core–shell structure, which tends to improve both the yield and impact strength. We focused on the influence of all composing aspects—fibrillation of the dispersed PET, PP matrix crystalline morphology, and compatibilized interface—on the mechanical properties of PP/PET blends as well as potential synergies between these components. Overall, we provided a theoretical basis for the mechanical recycling of immiscible blends.

scholarly journals Assessment of Multi-Scale SMOS and SMAP Soil Moisture Products across the Iberian Peninsula

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Portal ◽  
Thomas Jagdhuber ◽  
Mercè Vall-llossera ◽  
Adriano Camps ◽  
Miriam Pablos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Spatial Scale ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Microwave Radiometer ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Optical Data ◽  
Enhanced Resolution ◽  
The Impact

In the last decade, technological advances led to the launch of two satellite missions dedicated to measure the Earth’s surface soil moisture (SSM): the ESA’s Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) launched in 2009, and the NASA’s Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) launched in 2015. The two satellites have an L-band microwave radiometer on-board to measure the Earth’s surface emission. These measurements (brightness temperatures TB) are then used to generate global maps of SSM every three days with a spatial resolution of about 30–40 km and a target accuracy of 0.04 m3/m3. To meet local applications needs, different approaches have been proposed to spatially disaggregate SMOS and SMAP TB or their SSM products. They rely on synergies between multi-sensor observations and are built upon different physical assumptions. In this study, temporal and spatial characteristics of six operational SSM products derived from SMOS and SMAP are assessed in order to diagnose their distinct features, and the rationale behind them. The study is focused on the Iberian Peninsula and covers the period from April 2015 to December 2017. A temporal inter-comparison analysis is carried out using in situ SSM data from the Soil Moisture Measurements Station Network of the University of Salamanca (REMEDHUS) to evaluate the impact of the spatial scale of the different products (1, 3, 9, 25, and 36 km), and their correspondence in terms of temporal dynamics. A spatial analysis is conducted for the whole Iberian Peninsula with emphasis on the added-value that the enhanced resolution products provide based on the microwave-optical (SMOS/ERA5/MODIS) or the active–passive microwave (SMAP/Sentinel-1) sensor fusion. Our results show overall agreement among time series of the products regardless their spatial scale when compared to in situ measurements. Still, higher spatial resolutions would be needed to capture local features such as small irrigated areas that are not dominant at the 1-km pixel scale. The degree to which spatial features are resolved by the enhanced resolution products depend on the multi-sensor synergies employed (at TB or soil moisture level), and on the nature of the fine-scale information used. The largest disparities between these products occur in forested areas, which may be related to the reduced sensitivity of high-resolution active microwave and optical data to soil properties under dense vegetation.

Mechanical Determination of Re-Fracture Well Create New Fracture

2010 ◽  
Vol 29-32 ◽  
pp. 1369-1373
Author(s):  
Wan Chun Zhao ◽  
Ting Ting Wang ◽  
Guo Shuai Ju
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Stress ◽  
Evolution Model ◽  
Reservoir Rock ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Injection Wells ◽  
Induced Stress ◽  
Artificial Fracture ◽  
Fractured Well ◽  
The Impact

The mechanical distribution of refracturing rock around well is Considered, the induced stress of vertical fractured well changes in pore pressure is first to establish, taking into account the fluid compressibility, the introduction of the initial artificial fracture fluid factor, an evolution model of in-situ stress is built up for initial fracture. Consider the impact of temperature on the reservoir rock, an evolution model of the temperature induced stress model is built up, Combined with in-situ stress field, an evolution model of Mechanical determination conditions of re-fracture well create new fracture is built up. Calculation of a block of Jilin Oilfield injection wells by the three effects of stress around an oil well, the theoretical calculation results are consistent with the field.

scholarly journals The impact of social and human capital on individual cooperative behaviour

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-29
Author(s):  
Gjalt De Jong
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Strategic Change ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Cooperative Behaviour ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Content Type ◽  
National Differences ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to analyse whether, and if so, how, personal background and intellectual assets determine individual cooperation. Design/methodology/approach – The purpose of this paper is to analyse whether, and if so, how, social and human capital determine cooperation. Findings – The empirical results show that variations in human and social capital offer a substantial explanation for the likelihood of cooperative behaviour in people involved in social dilemma situations. Research limitations/implications – Testing the model in an international setting with non-student subjects (managers, policymakers) would allow us to explore the consequences of cross-national differences in various forms of capital. Practical implications – Successful implementation of strategic change requires leaders who are able to effectively communicate and motivate employees. The study highlights what factors makes some leaders more cooperative and, hence, potentially more successful in supervising corporate change than others. Social implications – For sustainable growth, countries need leaders who are willing and able to collaborate not only with other international leaders but also within their public administration. This paper offers explanations why some political leaders more than others are able to successfully collaborate with their political opponents. Originality/value – The added value of mainstream economics to understand key elements of international business is limited due to their stringent behavioural assumptions. The research is original in that it shows that individuals make decisions not like rational machines but like real human beings.

scholarly journals Estimation of Coal and Rock Mechanical Properties for Numerical Modelling of Longwall Extraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tien Dung Le ◽  
Chi Thanh NGUYEN ◽  
Van Chi DAO
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rock Mass ◽  
Numerical Modelling ◽  
Deformation Modulus ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Rock Mass Properties ◽  
Mass Properties ◽  
Rock Mechanical Properties ◽  
Simple Numerical Model

Reliable estimation of coal and rock mechanical properties at field scale is a prerequisite for numerical modelling of rock behaviours associated with longwall extraction. This paper describes a systematic approach from data collection, laboratory testing to rock mass properties derivation for simulation of longwall extraction, taking two longwall panels at Quang Ninh coalfield in Vietnam for example. The mechanical properties are verified through comparison with published data of the field, indicating close agreements. A simple numerical model is further developed to demonstrate the proper use of the obtained data. The simulation suggests that the ratio of model length to excavation length should be in the range of 2.5–5; uniaxial compressive strength, deformation modulus and tensile strength can be reduced by a factor of 5.0, 2.13 and 2.0, respectively; and a calibration and validation process must be performed to match in-situ longwall’s behaviours. The approach can be applied for derivation of reliable rock mass properties for numerical simulation of underground excavations.

scholarly journals Damage mechanisms and embrittlement kinetics in a β-rich Ti 17 alloy after long term aging

2020 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 06008
Author(s):  
Layla SASAKI ◽  
Gilbert HENAFF ◽  
Mandana ARZAGHI ◽  
Patrick VILLECHAISE ◽  
Samuel HEMERY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Damage Tolerance ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Damage Mechanisms ◽  
Structural Parts ◽  
The Impact

The Ti 17 (Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr) alloy is used in the first stages of engine compressors, at temperatures up to 450°C. However, its use in structural parts such as engine pylons is more prospective and raises the question of damage tolerance. As the engine pylon environment involves prolonged exposures to high temperatures, the impact of aging on mechanical properties has also to be taken in account. In this work, the consequences of a long-term aging (up to 10 000 h at 450°C) on the mechanical resistance of a Ti 17 alloy are examined at different scales, from macroscopic fatigue crack growth tests to in-situ tensile tests performed on micro samples in a SEM. The detrimental effect of aging on the mechanical properties of the Ti 17 alloy was then discussed in the light of damage mechanisms analysis and embrittlement kinetics.

Valuation of hydraulic fracturing potentials of organic-rich shales from the Anambra basin using rock mechanical properties from wireline logs

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 45-44
Author(s):  
Homa Viola Akaha-Tse ◽  
Michael Oti ◽  
Selegha Abrakasa ◽  
Charles Ugwu Ugwueze
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Horizontal Stress ◽  
Shale Formations ◽  
In Situ Stresses ◽  
Anambra Basin ◽  
Wireline Logs ◽  
Rock Mechanical Properties ◽  
Minimum Horizontal Stress

This study was carried out to determine the rock mechanical properties relevant for hydrocarbon exploration and production by hydraulic  fracturing of organic rich shale formations in Anambra basin. Shale samples and wireline logs were analysed to determine the petrophysical, elastic, strength and in-situ properties necessary for the design of a hydraulic fracturing programme for the exploitation of the shales. The results obtained indicated shale failure in shear and barreling under triaxial test conditions. The average effective porosity of 0.06 and permeability of the order of 10-1 to 101 millidarcies showed the imperative for induced fracturing to assure fluid flow. Average Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio of about 2.06 and 0.20 respectively imply that the rocks are favourable for the formation and propagation of fractures during hydraulic fracking. The minimum horizontal stress, which determines the direction of formation and growth of artificially induced hydraulic fractures varies from wellto-well, averaging between 6802.62 to 32790.58 psi. The order of variation of the in-situ stresses is maximum horizontal stress>vertical stress>minimum horizontal stress which implies a reverse fault fracture regime. The study predicts that the sweet spots for the exploration and development of the shale-gas are those sections of the shale formations that exhibit high Young’s modulus, low Poisson’s ratio, and high brittleness. The in-situ stresses required for artificially induced fractures which provide pore space for shale gas accumulation and expulsion are adequate. The shales possess suitable mechanical properties to fracture during hydraulic fracturing. Application of these results will enhance the potentials of the onshore Anambra basin as a reliable component in increasing Nigeria’s gas reserves, for the improvement of the nation’s economy and energy security. Key Words: Hydraulic Fracturing, Organic-rich Shales, Rock Mechanical Properties, Petrophysical Properties, Anambra Basin

FIB-Etching of Polymer/Metal Laminates and its Effect on Mechanical Performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1826-1834
Author(s):  
Enne Faber ◽  
Willem P. Vellinga ◽  
Jeff T.M. De Hosson
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Ion Beam Etching ◽  
Polymer Metal ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis paper investigates the adhesive interface in a polymer/metal (polyethylene terephthalate/steel) laminate that is subjected to uniaxial strain. Cross-sections perpendicular to such interfaces were created with a focused ion beam and imaged with scanning electron microscopy during straining in the electron microscope. During in situ straining, glide steps formed by the steel caused traction at the interface and initiated crazes in the polyethylene terephthalate (PET). These crazes readily propagated along the free surface of the PET layer. Similar crazing has not been previously encountered in laminates that were pre-strained or in numerical calculations. The impact of focused ion beam treatments on mechanical properties of the polymer/metal laminate system was therefore investigated. It was found that mechanical properties such as toughness of PET are dramatically influenced by focused ion beam etching. It was also found that this change in mechanical properties has a different effect on the pre-strained and in situ strained samples.

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