Overcoming Challenges of Mechanical Lifting Capabilities on Offshore Installation by Utilizing Coiled Tubing Boat Spooling Technique

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Dinger ◽  
Andrei Casali ◽  
Frank Lind ◽  
Azwan Hadi Keong ◽  
Johnny Bårdsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Sea State ◽  
M Wave ◽  
Coiled Tubing ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Downhole Measurements ◽  
Outside Diameter

Abstract Coiled tubing (CT) operations in the Norwegian continental shelf (NCS) often require a long and large-outside-diameter pipe due to big diameter completions, deep wells, and the need for high annular velocity during fluid circulation. However, getting the CT string onboard becomes a challenge when the crane lifting limit is 35 t, and using a standalone crane barge increases the cost of the operation. The alternative is spooling the CT from a vessel to the platform. Boat spooling is done by placing the CT string on a floating vessel with dynamic positioning while the standard CT injector head is secured at the edge of the platform to pull the pipe from the vessel to an empty CT reel on the platform. The boat is equipped with a CT guide; special tension clamps; and an emergency disconnect system, which consists of a standard CT shear-seal blowout preventer. The technique requires careful study of the platform structure for placement of the injector head support frame, metocean data of the field, and equipment placement on the vessel and platform. The boat spooling operation of a 7,700-m long, 58.7-t, 2.375-in.-outside-diameter CT string was successfully executed for a platform at 70-m height from mean sea level. The total operating time from hooking up the vessel to successfully spooling the string only took 12 hours. Historically for the region, the method has been attempted in sea state of up to 4-m wave height and 16 knots maximum wind speed. For this operation, the spooling was carried out during an average sea state of 2-m wave height and 15-knot wind speed. The continuous CT string allows a telemetry cable to be installed inside the pipe after the CT is spooled onto the platform reel, enabling real-time downhole measurements during the intervention. Such installation is not possible or presents high risk if the CT string is taken onboard by splicing two sections of pipe together with a spoolable connector or butt welding. From a cost perspective, the boat-spooling operation had up to 80% direct cost saving for the operator when compared to other methods of lifting a single CT string onboard, such as using a motion-compensated barge crane. The planning for the boat spooling included several essential contingency plans. Performing a CT boat spooling operation in a complex environment is possible and opens new opportunities to use longer and heavier CT strings, with lower mobilization costs. Such strings enable more advanced and efficient interventions, with the option of using real-time CT downhole measurements during the execution of a wide range of production startup work. This, in turn, is critical to support the drilling of more extended reach wells, which allow access to untapped reservoirs.

scholarly journals Comparing the Currents Measured by CARTHE, CODE and SVP Drifters as a Function of Wind and Wave Conditions in the Southwestern Mediterranean Sea

Sensors ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 353
Author(s):  
Pierre-Marie Poulain ◽  
Luca Centurioni ◽  
Tamay Özgökmen
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
Significant Wave Height ◽  
Stokes Drift ◽  
Large Scatter ◽  
Sea State ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Significant Wave ◽  
Surface Ocean ◽  
Wide Range

Instruments drifting at the ocean surface are quasi-Lagrangian, that is, they do not follow exactly the near-surface ocean currents. The currents measured by three commonly-used drifters (CARTHE, CODE and SVP) are compared in a wide range of sea state conditions (winds up to 17 m/s and significant wave height up to 3 m). Nearly collocated and simultaneous drifter measurements in the southwestern Mediterranean reveal that the CARTHE and CODE drifters measure the currents in the first meter below the surface in approximately the same way. When compared to SVP drogued at 15 m nominal depth, the CODE and CARTHE currents are essentially downwind (and down-wave), with a typical speed of 0.5–1% of the wind speed. However, there is a large scatter in velocity differences between CODE/CARTHE and SVP for all wind and sea state conditions encountered, principally due to vertical and horizontal shears not related to the wind. For the CODE drifter with wind speed larger than 10 m/s and significant wave height larger than 1 m, about 30–40% of this difference can be explained by Stokes drift.

Case Study- Real Time Downhole Telemetry CCL and Tension Compression, a Differentiator for Successful Manipulation of ICD's in Horizontal Wells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usman Ahmed ◽  
Zhiheng Zhang ◽  
Ruben Ortega Alfonzo
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Horizontal Wells ◽  
Differential Pressure ◽  
Successful Operation ◽  
Coiled Tubing ◽  
Electric Line ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ict System

Abstract Horizontal well completions are often equipped with Inflow Control Devices (ICDs) to optimize flow rates across the completion for the whole length of the interval and to increase the oil recovery. The ICD technology has become useful method of optimizing production from horizontal wells in a wide range of applications. It has proved to be beneficial in horizontal water injectors and steam assisted gravity drainage wells. Traditionally the challenges related to early gas or water breakthrough were dealt with complex and costly workover/intervention operations. ICD manipulation used to be done with down-hole tractor conveyed using an electric line (e-line) cable or by utilization of a conventional coiled tubing (CT) string. Wellbore profile, high doglegs, tubular ID, drag and buoyancy forces added limitations to the e-line interventions even with the use of tractor. Utilization of conventional CT string supplement the uncertainties during shifting operations by not having the assurance of accurate depth and forces applied downhole. A field in Saudi Arabia is completed with open-hole packer with ICD completion system. The excessive production from the wells resulted in increase of water cut, hence ICD's shifting was required. As operations become more complex due to fact that there was no mean to assure that ICD is shifted as needed, it was imperative to find ways to maximize both assurance and quality performance. In this particular case, several ICD manipulating jobs were conducted in the horizontal wells. A 2-7/8-in intelligent coiled tubing (ICT) system was used to optimize the well intervention performance by providing downhole real-time feedback. The indication for the correct ICD shifting was confirmed by Casing Collar Locator (CCL) and Tension & Compression signatures. This paper will present the ICT system consists of a customized bottom-hole assembly (BHA) that transmits Tension, compression, differential pressure, temperature and casing collar locator data instantaneously to the surface via a nonintrusive tube wire installed inside the coiled tubing. The main advantages of the ICT system in this operation were: monitoring the downhole force on the shifting tool while performing ICD manipulation, differential pressure, and accurately determining depth from the casing collar locator. Based on the known estimated optimum working ranges for ICD shifting and having access to real-time downhole data, the operator could decide that required force was transmitted to BHA. This bring about saving job time while finding sleeves, efficient open and close of ICD via applying required Weight on Bit (WOB) and even providing a mean to identify ICD that had debris accumulation. The experience acquired using this method in the successful operation in Saudi Arabia yielded recommendations for future similar operations.

scholarly journals Operability Guidelines For Product Tanker In Heavy Weather In The Adriatic Sea

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Luka Mudronja ◽  
Marko Katalinić ◽  
Rino Bošnjak ◽  
Pero Vidan ◽  
Joško Parunov
Keyword(s):  
Wave Height ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Wave Spectrum ◽  
Extreme Weather ◽  
The South ◽  
Sea State ◽  
M Wave ◽  
The North ◽  
Limiting Values ◽  
Deck Wetness

AbstractThis paper presents operability guidelines for seafarers on a product tanker which navigates in the Adriatic Sea during heavy weather. Tanker route starts from the Otranto strait in the south to the island Krk in the north of Adriatic Sea. Heavy weather is caused by south wind called jugo (blowing from E-SE to SS-E, sirocco family). Operability guidelines are given based on an operability criteria platform for presenting ship seakeeping characteristics. Operability criteria considered in this paper are propeller emergence, deck wetness and bow acceleration of a product tanker. Limiting values of mentioned criteria determine sustainable speed. Heavy weather is described by extreme sea state of 7.5 m wave height. Wave spectrum used in this paper is Tabain spectrum which is developed specifically for Adriatic Sea. Seafarer's approach of decisions making in extreme weather is also shown and servers as a guideline for further research of the authors.

scholarly journals Assessing marine operations with a Markov-switching autoregressive metocean model

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (4) ◽  
pp. 785-802
Author(s):  
Jack Paterson ◽  
Philipp R Thies ◽  
Roman Sueur ◽  
Jérôme Lonchampt ◽  
Federico D’Amico
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Markov Switching ◽  
Transfer Task ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Weather Model ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Modelling Methodology

This article presents a metocean modelling methodology using a Markov-switching autoregressive model to produce stochastic wind speed and wave height time series, for inclusion in marine risk planning software tools. By generating a large number of stochastic weather series that resemble the variability in key metocean parameters, probabilistic outcomes can be obtained to predict the occurrence of weather windows, delays and subsequent operational durations for specific tasks or offshore construction phases. To cope with the variation in the offshore weather conditions at each project, it is vital that a stochastic weather model is adaptable to seasonal and inter-monthly fluctuations at each site, generating realistic time series to support weather risk assessments. A model selection process is presented for both weather parameters across three locations, and a personnel transfer task is used to contextualise a realistic weather window analysis. Summarising plots demonstrate the validity of the presented methodology and that a small extension improves the adaptability of the approach for sites with strong correlations between wind speed and wave height. It is concluded that the overall methodology can produce suitable wind speed and wave time series for the assessment of marine operations, yet it is recommended that the methodology is applied to other sites and operations, to determine the method’s adaptability to a wide range of offshore locations.

scholarly journals Operational numerical wind-wave model for the Black Sea

2000 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
A. KORTCHEVA ◽  
G. KORTCHEV ◽  
J. M. LEFEVRE
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Water ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Water Wave ◽  
Wind Wave ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sea State ◽  
Height Data

In this paper the discrete spectral shallow water wave model named VAGBUHL1 is presented. This model is used for real-time Black Sea state forecasting. The model was verified against satellite ERS-2 altimeter wave height data.

Real Time Local Sea State Measurement using Wave Radar and Ship Motions

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Thornhill ◽  
D. C. Stredulinsky
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
Ship Motions ◽  
Sea State ◽  
State Measurement ◽  
Wave Radar ◽  
Directional Wave ◽  
Radar Measurements ◽  
Real Time Information ◽  
Canadian Navy

The Canadian Navy is exploring operator guidance systems designed to promote safer and more efficient operations in a seaway. These systems require accurate real time information on the local sea state. Recent sea trials with a wave radar system, which can produce directional wave spectra from the back scatter produced by conventional navigational radar, have generated good direction and frequency measurements, but wave height was found to be less reliable. However, by combining the wave radar measurements with ship motions, these wave height measurements are greatly improved. This paper presents some background of at-sea wave measurement, a description of the combined wave radar / ship motions procedure, and the results from several sea trials.

scholarly journals Semiempirical Dissipation Source Functions for Ocean Waves. Part I: Definition, Calibration, and Validation

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1917-1941 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrice Ardhuin ◽  
Erick Rogers ◽  
Alexander V. Babanin ◽  
Jean-François Filipot ◽  
Rudy Magne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wave Height ◽  
Wave Breaking ◽  
Wave Spectrum ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Ocean Waves ◽  
Breaking Waves ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Short Waves ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract New parameterizations for the spectral dissipation of wind-generated waves are proposed. The rates of dissipation have no predetermined spectral shapes and are functions of the wave spectrum and wind speed and direction, in a way consistent with observations of wave breaking and swell dissipation properties. Namely, the swell dissipation is nonlinear and proportional to the swell steepness, and dissipation due to wave breaking is nonzero only when a nondimensional spectrum exceeds the threshold at which waves are observed to start breaking. An additional source of short-wave dissipation is introduced to represent the dissipation of short waves due to longer breaking waves. A reduction of the wind-wave generation of short waves is meant to account for the momentum flux absorbed by longer waves. These parameterizations are combined and calibrated with the discrete interaction approximation for the nonlinear interactions. Parameters are adjusted to reproduce observed shapes of directional wave spectra, and the variability of spectral moments with wind speed and wave height. The wave energy balance is verified in a wide range of conditions and scales, from the global ocean to coastal settings. Wave height, peak and mean periods, and spectral data are validated using in situ and remote sensing data. Some systematic defects are still present, but, overall, the parameterizations probably yield the most accurate estimates of wave parameters to date. Perspectives for further improvement are also given.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document