scholarly journals Russian Environmental Movement in the Baikal Region: An Analysis of Role Types and Collective Action Strategies of Local Environmental Groups

중소연구 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-318
Author(s):  
Yoonhee Kang
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Baikal Region ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
Environmental Groups ◽  
Action Strategies

Direct Actions in the Czech Environmental Movement

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-156
Author(s):  
Arnošt Novák
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Direct Action ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
Environmental Movements ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
Ideal Types ◽  
Environmental Milieu ◽  
Liberal Concept

Direct actions constitute an important repertoire of action for environmental movements in Western countries. This article differentiates two ideal types of this repertoire of action: the anarchist concept, which understands direct action in terms of values and as a preferred way of doing things; and the liberal concept, which uses direct action in an instrumental way. Based on my empirical research in post-socialist Czech Republic, the article focuses on debates over environmentalism and, to be more precise, on uses of direct actions by environmental organizations. It explains why the liberal concept was very limited and why direct action as a preferred way of doing things has not become a part of the repertoire of collective action. The article argues that the movement was politically moderate due to a combination of reasons: the very specific historical experience of the Czech environmental movement, which inclines it to use dialogue rather than confrontations with power; the fear of political hostility and marginalization by the state; and the internal dynamics of the environmental milieu.

scholarly journals Environmental Movement and the Conservation of Forest: A Case Study on Ratargul Swamp Forest of Sylhet, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Kazi Moriom Jahan ◽  
Afm Zakaria
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Environmental Groups ◽  
Forest Department ◽  
Swamp Forest ◽  
Level Of Involvement ◽  
The Impact

Aims: The aim of this paper is to explore and analyze the scope and nature of the environmental movement that may shape the existing management. Study Design: This paper is a qualitative study and based on empirical research. It focuses on the impact of environmental movements around Ratargul Swamp Forest Place and Duration of Study: This research was done around the Ratargul Swamp Forest located in on Sylhet district of Bangladesh. The study period was from January 2016 to November 2017. Methodology: For the primary data collection, 47 respondents were selected by using purposive sampling on the basis of their level of involvement. Data was collected from local people, environmental groups and the forest department. Data collection methods were key informant interview, in-depth interview, case study, focus group discussion and archival research. Results: People of Ratargul village are now more aware of the harmful activities of uncontrolled tourism while the Forest Department brings new management policies and practices in response to the local and civil pressure. It is also found that the Climate Resilient Ecosystem Livelihoods (CREL) project in Bangladesh actually works to negate the strength of the environmental movement rather than as a conservation proponent. The Forest Department is successful to implement their projects due to a lack of coordination between local activists. According to the respondents, 31.1% mark this movement as successful, 23.4% opine as completely failure and while remaining 44.4% thinks that it is partially successful. Conclusion: A strong, integrated, coordinated and organized form of resistance or movement is needed to break up the hegemony of Forest Department that may save the Ratargul Swamp Forest from ongoing damage.

People, Not Polar Bears

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda J. Baugh
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Racial Diversity ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Strategic Decision Making ◽  
Polar Bears ◽  
Environmental Groups ◽  
Strategic Decisions

Chapter 1 describes Faith in Place’s origins and development within the context of the American environmental movement and with attention to strategic decisions its leaders made to help their organization survive and ultimately flourish. Although Faith in Place originated with priorities, activities, and participants that were quite similar to numerous other environmental groups, Faith in Place’s first ten years involved a series of strategic decisions in which leaders developed measures to differentiate their work from mainstream environmentalism. Strategic decision-making led to a coalition distinct for its racial diversity.

scholarly journals Together we can do more – environmental consciousness in the South African dam construction sector (1945-1980)

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lani Van Vuuren
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Dam Construction ◽  
Environmental Groups ◽  
Environmental Consciousness ◽  
Large Dams ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Aquatic Science ◽  
The Impact

For several thousand years societies have diverted and dammed up rivers to meet their increasing water needs. The Industrial Revolution ushered in the modern era of water resource development, which has led to the construction of an estimated 50 000 large dams worldwide.Rising concerns over the state of natural resources following the Second World War resulted in the emergence of public anti-dam lobby groups who used protest and advocacy to place pressure on authorities to cease dam construction activities and improve environmental legislation. While these actions proved successful in many countries this approach has led to conflict between environmental groups and dam authorities.South Africa is highly dependent on dams for stable and regular water supply. The country’s 320 largest dams together store some 66% of the country’s mean annual runoff. In contrast with the global environmental movement, institutionalisation of the environment occurred within the water engineering sector not as a result of outside pressures but due to rising concerns from water engineers themselves.In the absence of strong adversarial environmental non-governmental organisations, improved management of the impact of large dams grew out of early cooperation between department officials and aquatic scientists, especially around the sustainable management of water resources in KwaZulu-Natal, as this article illustrates. This trend towards negotiation and collaboration led to the country’s main developer of large dams, the Department of Water Affairs, instituting voluntary environmental policies from 1980.Keywords: History, dams, rivers, history, environmental movement, environmental consciousness, water, aquatic science, engineering, cooperation 

Forming Coalitions: A Network-Theoretic Approach to the Contemporary South Korean Environmental Movement

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung Park
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Coalition Formation ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Religiously Affiliated ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Structural Association ◽  
Movement Organizations ◽  
Environmental Network

This article investigates how multiple movement structures interplayed with each other in collective action/social movements in South Korea over the period, 2003-2004. By employing advanced methods in social network analysis, meta-network representation, analysis of structural association, and analysis of structural sequence, this article aims to complement existing paradigms of social movement research. Specifically, it investigates the forces that led environmental movement organizations (EMOs) to form coalitions based on the structured relations between governing personnel, movement ideologies and coalitions. The findings suggest that sharing similar ideologies facilitated coalition formation among EMOs and the role of coordination between governing personnel across the EMOs was marginal. Furthermore, a few leading EMOs were central actors across different movement structures, though religiously affiliated Green Christ and Catholic Environmental Network were also active in coalition formation. The framework and the findings further scholarship on collective action among organizations of varying forms (e.g., firms, unions) in the environ-mental movement sector and in other societal settings as well.

Protest as Community Revival: Folk Religion in a Taiwanese Anti-Pollution Movement

2005 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-sho Ho
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
Folk Religion ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
Petroleum Company ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Important Milestone

Abstract By analyzing a Taiwanese anti-pollution movement, this paper tries to shed light on the elements of folk religion in collective action. The Houchin protest took place in 1987 when local people opposed to the further expansion of the China Petroleum Company (CPC). This case is an important milestone in the history of Taiwanese environmentalism and famous for its persistent protest over three years. In order to see how a local community sustains its solidarity through localistic folk religion, it is worth taking a close look at the community structure prior to the protest mobilization. The next section discusses Houchin people's reaction to the CPC's upgrading plan. Here the anti-pollution protest is viewed as an emergency occasion to revive the communal solidarity. Religion permeates the whole process of their collective action by supplying ritualized forms of contention. Religion in action is more than an instrument for mobilization, but rather substantially affects the movement goal and meaning for the participants. These highly localistic messages often escape outsiders' observation. In conclusion, the paper discusses the discovery in the light of study on Taiwanese environmental movement.

scholarly journals Global Social Movement(s) at the Crossroads: Some Observations on the Trajectory of the Anti-Corporate Globalization Movement

2004 ◽  
pp. 37-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick H. Buttel ◽  
Kenneth A. Gould
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
Washington Consensus ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Environmental Groups ◽  
The Past ◽  
International Inequality ◽  
Corporate Globalization

This paper examines the major structural characteristics of the anti-corporate globalization movement, its key bases and antecedents, its relationship with other global social movements (GSMs) and the key challenges it faces in the post-9/11 period. We suggest that despite the potential of the anti-corporate globalization movement to usher in major social changes, the movement faces a number of major crossroads in terms of ideology, discursive approach, and overall strategy. We argue that there has been coalescence of a good many GSMs, including the international environmental movement, under the banner of the anti-corporate globalization movement. We focus primarily on the interrelations of these two GSMs, noting that over the past decade there have been trends toward both the “environmentalization” and “de-environmentalization” of the anti-corporate globalization movement. While the defection of many mainstream environmental groups fromthe “Washington consensus” and the resulting environmentalization of the trade and globalization issue were critical to the “Seattle coalition,” there has been a signi?cant decline in the movement’s embrace of environmental claims and discourses, and a corresponding increase in its use of social justice discourses. One implication of our analysis is the hypothesis that while the current vitality of the anti-corporate globalization movement can be gauged by its having adopted an increasingly coherent ideological stance in which international inequality and global corporate dominance are targeted, to be successful the movement will need to coherently ideologically integrate social justice with environmental and sustainability agendas. The amenability of the environmental GSM to such ideological integration will have important rami?cations for the future trajectory of the anti-corporate globalization movement.

Teaching Collective Action: Strategies for Fostering Racial and Social Justice

2022 ◽  
pp. 65-96
Author(s):  
Aaron Schutz
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Community Organizing ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Civil Resistance ◽  
Civic Agency ◽  
Action Strategies ◽  
Do So

Universities teach students about social problems but provide few concrete tools for acting to promote social change. Teaching about challenges but not about possible solutions can be potentially disempowering and may reduce civic agency. This chapter discusses the development of a required class on community organizing and civil resistance that provides students with specific strategies for engaging in collective action. The author explores a range of tensions involved in teaching this class: making it experiential without forcing students to work on issues or take steps they might not agree with, providing multiple traditions of social action so they do not get the sense that there is one “right” way, working with students whose perspectives might differ from ones he sees as legitimate, and teaching a class that some outside the institution might see as beyond the purview of a university. Ultimately, he argues that it is incumbent upon universities to provide concrete skills for social action, because failing to do so restricts their capacity to become effective civic actors in our democracy.

Environmentalism: A Challenge to Modernity

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antimo Luigi Farro
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Critical Consciousness ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
Natural Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Natural Equilibrium ◽  
Balanced Model

This chapter discusses the environmental movement vis-à-vis modernity in the last century. Starting in the early 70s, the contemporary environmental movement consists of articulated collective action opposing polluting agents in different areas of the world, and pursuing a new planetary natural equilibrium. This movement aims to construct a new more balanced model for natural development by scientific and technical means. This movement doesn’t pursue a romantic project to protect nature against modernity and modernization, nor a denial of modernity, nor modernity as a crisis, but a new way to understand and change the world. The environmental movement produces a critical consciousness of both itself and modernity.

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