scholarly journals Evaluation of mandibular inferior cortical bone thickness using panoramic radiographs in edentulous and dentate cases

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Derafshi ◽  
Janan Ghapanchi ◽  
Mitra Farzin ◽  
Abdolaziz Haghnegahdar ◽  
Maryam Zahed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Background: Osteoporosis is a disease of the bone structure which has many outcomes for the patient. Tooth loss and failure of implant placement can be related to this disorder in the jaw bones which is shown by the reduction of mandibular inferior cortical thickness. The aim of this study is to find a relationship between mandibular inferior cortical thickness using panoramic radiographs and tooth existence. Methods: A total of 57 panoramic views of complete edentulous patients and 164 partial edentulous cases were evaluated and compared to 117 dentate age and sex matched subjects. Mandibular cortical thickness was measured on 3 reference points (below the mental foramen (S1), estimated position of the first molar (S2) estimated position of the third molar (S3)) on both left and right sides using marking gauge in Agfa program. Results: Data revealed that cortical bone thickness was significantly reduced in older patients (P=0.031). The final value of the three measurements of the mandibular border thickness was 2.3128mm ± 0.74840 in the right side (RS) and 2.407±0.802 mm in the left side (LS) for the complete edentulous group, 2.9026± 0.7513 mm in RS and 2.9976 ±1.06769 in LS for partial edentulous group and 2.8709± 0.6263 in RS and 2.9812 ±0.83081 in LS for the dentate cases. Complete edentulous cases and partial edentulous cases that had lost posterior teeth had no significant difference in cortical thickness, but both groups had a significant thinner cortical width compared to dentate subjects (P= 0.001 and P=0.002). But lack of anterior teeth did not have the same effect compared to dentate individuals (P=0.929). Conclusions: The present study demonstrates a significant relationship between tooth loss in the posterior region and reduction of inferior mandibular border which is a value of osteoporosis. Anterior tooth loss however does not have the same effect. Dentist and physicians should be in close contact in such patients to avoid further tooth loss and also diagnose this chronic disease in earlier stages.

scholarly journals Mandibular inferior cortical bone thickness on panoramic radiographs in patients using bisphosphonates

2015 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 584-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra R. Torres ◽  
Curtis S.K. Chen ◽  
Brian G. Leroux ◽  
Peggy P. Lee ◽  
Lars G. Hollender ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness

scholarly journals Bone Density and Cortical Thickness in Normal, Osteopenic, and Osteoporotic Sacra

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Richards ◽  
Nathan W. Coleman ◽  
Trevor A. Knight ◽  
Stephen M. Belkoff ◽  
Simon C. Mears
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Cancellous Bone ◽  
Quantitative Computed Tomography ◽  
Insufficiency Fractures ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Local Reduction ◽  
Sacral Insufficiency Fractures

It is unclear if a decrease in cancellous bone density or cortical bone thickness is related to sacral insufficiency fractures. We hypothesized that reduction in overall bone density leads to local reductions in bone density and cortical thickness in cadaveric sacra that match clinically observed fracture patterns in patients with sacral insufficiency fractures. We used quantitative computed tomography to measure cancellous density and cortical thickness in multiple areas of normal, osteopenic, and osteoporotic sacra. Cancellous bone density was significantly lower in osteoporotic specimens in the central and anterior regions of the sacral ala compared with other regions of these specimens. Cortical thickness decreased uniformly in all regions of osteopenic and osteoporotic specimens. These results support our hypothesis that areas of the sacrum where sacral insufficiency fractures often occur have significantly larger decreases in cancellous bone density; however, they do not support the hypothesis that these areas have local reduction of cortical bone thickness.

scholarly journals Optimal implantation site of orthodontic micro-screws in the mandibular anterior region based on CBCT

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannan Wang ◽  
Shi Quan ◽  
Juan Xu ◽  
Feng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Lateral Incisor ◽  
Implantation Site ◽  
Alveolar Ridge ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Ridge Crest ◽  
Anterior Teeth

Abstract Background To determine the optimal implantation site of orthodontic micro-screws based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis in the mandibular anterior tooth region, provide a theoretical basis for orthodontic implant placement and improve post-implantation stability. Methods Forty patients who underwent CBCT scanning were selected for this study. CBCT scanning was applied to measure the interradicular distance, buccolingual dimension, labial cortical bone thickness and lingual cortical bone thickness between mandibular anterior teeth at planes 2 mm, 4 mm, 6 mm and 8 mm below the alveolar ridge crest. The data were measured and collected to obtain a comprehensive evaluation of the specific site conditions of the alveolar bone. Results The interradicular distance, buccolingual dimension and labial cortical bone thickness between the mandibular anterior teeth were positively correlated with the distance below the alveolar ridge crest (below 8 mm). The interradicular distance, buccolingual dimension, labial cortical bone thickness and lingual cortical bone thickness were all greater than those in other areas between the lateral incisor root and canine incisor root 4 mm, 6 mm, and 8 mm below the alveolar ridge crest. Conclusion The area between the lateral incisor root and the canine incisor root in planes 4 mm, 6 mm, and 8 mm from the alveolar ridge crest can be used as safe sites for implantation, while 8 mm below the alveolar ridge crest can be the optimal implantation site. An optimal implantation site can be 8 mm below the alveolar ridge crest between the lateral incisor root and the canine incisor root.

Labial Cortical Bone Thickness in the Anterior Region: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marziyeh Shafizadeh ◽  
Azita Tehranchi ◽  
Saeed Reza Motamedian
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
English Studies ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Anterior Maxilla ◽  
Maxillary Central Incisor ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Wide Range

Context: The labial cortical bone may influence the outcomes of several treatments including fresh socket implant placement and orthodontic treatments. A thin labial plate may contribute to increased risks of periodontal consequences during dental procedures. Acknowledgment of the average values may guide clinicians to take particular considerations in making treatment decisions. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically review the labial cortical bone thickness (LBT) in the anterior maxillary teeth. Objective: The primary purpose of this study was to review the LBT in the anterior maxillary teeth to present the range of average LBT in the global population. Evidence Acquisition: An electronic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, ProQuest, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. English studies that measured the LBT in the maxillary anterior teeth using CT or CBCT scans were deemed relevant. Only studies performed on adult patients with a lack of periodontal disease were included. Results: A total of 49 studies were included. Mean LBT ranged 0.13 - 3.08, 0.29 - 4.2, and 0.36 - 4.5 mm in maxillary central incisor, lateral incisor, and canine, respectively. Expectedly, LBT was affected by the vertical level of the measurement point and increased toward the apex. In total, the LBT in the anterior maxilla ranged from 0.13 to 4.5 mm. In comparison with other populations, a relatively thin labial plate was evidenced in the Iranian populations. Conclusions: This study showed a wide range of LBT in the esthetic zone. A thin plate in the esthetic area necessitates caution in orthodontic treatments, particularly when tooth expansion or proclination is required. Additionally, wide ranges of reported values which are mostly under 2 mm, highlight the importance of CBCT acquisition before any fresh socket implant placement.

scholarly journals Alveolar bone changes after asymmetric rapid maxillary expansion

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 799-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Akin ◽  
Zeliha Muge Baka ◽  
Zehra Ileri ◽  
Faruk Ayhan Basciftci
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Unaffected Side ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Paired Samples ◽  
Affected Side

ABSTRACT Objective:  To quantitatively evaluate the effects of asymmetric rapid maxillary expansion (ARME) on cortical bone thickness and buccal alveolar bone height (BABH), and to determine the formation of dehiscence and fenestration in the alveolar bone surrounding the posterior teeth, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods:  The CBCT records of 23 patients with true unilateral posterior skeletal crossbite (10 boys, 14.06 ± 1.08 years old, and 13 girls, 13.64 ± 1.32 years old) who had undergone ARME were selected from our clinic archives. The bonded acrylic ARME appliance, including an occlusal stopper, was used on all patients. CBCT records had been taken before ARME (T1) and after the 3-month retention period (T2). Axial slices of the CBCT images at 3 vertical levels were used to evaluate the buccal and palatal aspects of the canines, first and second premolars, and first molars. Paired samples and independent sample t-tests were used for statistical comparison. Results:  The results suggest that buccal cortical bone thickness of the affected side was significantly more affected by the expansion than was the unaffected side (P < .05). ARME significantly reduced the BABH of the canines (P < .01) and the first and second premolars (P < .05) on the affected side. ARME also increased the incidence of dehiscence and fenestration on the affected side. Conclusions:  ARME may quantitatively decrease buccal cortical bone thickness and height on the affected side.

scholarly journals Optimal Implantation Site of Orthodontic Micro-Screws in the Mandibular Anterior Region Based on CBCT

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannan Wang ◽  
Quan Shi ◽  
Feng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Lateral Incisor ◽  
Implantation Site ◽  
Alveolar Ridge ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Ridge Crest ◽  
Anterior Teeth

Background: To determine the optimal implantation site of orthodontic micro-screws based on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) analysis in the mandibular anterior tooth region, provide a theoretical basis for orthodontic implant placement and improve post-implantation stability.Methods: Forty patients who underwent CBCT scanning were selected for this study. CBCT scanning was applied to measure the interradicular distance, buccolingual dimension, labial cortical bone thickness and lingual cortical bone thickness between mandibular anterior teeth at planes 2, 4, 6, and 8 mm below the alveolar ridge crest. The data were measured and collected to obtain a comprehensive evaluation of the specific site conditions of the alveolar bone.Results: The interradicular distance, buccolingual dimension and labial cortical bone thickness between the mandibular anterior teeth were positively correlated with the distance below the alveolar ridge crest (below 8 mm). The interradicular distance, buccolingual dimension, labial cortical bone thickness, and lingual cortical bone thickness were all greater than those in other areas between the lateral incisor root and canine incisor root 4, 6, and 8 mm below the alveolar ridge crest.Conclusion: The area between the lateral incisor root and the canine incisor root in planes 4, 6, and 8 mm from the alveolar ridge crest can be used as safe sites for implantation, while 8 mm below the alveolar ridge crest can be the optimal implantation site. An optimal implantation site can be 8 mm below the alveolar ridge crest between the lateral incisor root and the canine incisor root.

scholarly journals Inducible Wnt16 inactivation: WNT16 regulates cortical bone thickness in adult mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 237 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claes Ohlsson ◽  
Petra Henning ◽  
Karin H Nilsson ◽  
Jianyao Wu ◽  
Karin L Gustafsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertebral Fracture ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Vertebral Fracture Risk ◽  
Old Mice

Substantial progress has been made in the therapeutic reduction of vertebral fracture risk in patients with osteoporosis, but non-vertebral fracture risk has been improved only marginally. Human genetic studies demonstrate that the WNT16 locus is a major determinant of cortical bone thickness and non-vertebral fracture risk and mouse models with life-long Wnt16 inactivation revealed that WNT16 is a key regulator of cortical thickness. These studies, however, could not exclude that the effect of Wnt16 inactivation on cortical thickness might be caused by early developmental and/or growth effects. To determine the effect of WNT16 specifically on adult cortical bone homeostasis, Wnt16 was conditionally ablated in young adult and old mice through tamoxifen-inducible Cre-mediated recombination using CAG-Cre-ER; Wnt16flox/flox (Cre-Wnt16flox/flox) mice. First, 10-week-old Cre-Wnt16flox/flox and Wnt16flox/flox littermate control mice were treated with tamoxifen. Four weeks later, Wnt16 mRNA levels in cortical bone were reduced and cortical thickness in femur was decreased in Cre-Wnt16flox/flox mice compared to Wnt16flox/flox mice. Then, inactivation of Wnt16 in 47-week-old mice (evaluated four weeks later) resulted in a reduction of Wnt16 mRNA levels, cortical thickness and cortical bone strength with no effect on trabecular bone volume fraction. Mechanistic studies demonstrated that the reduced cortical bone thickness was caused by a combination of increased bone resorption and reduced periosteal bone formation. In conclusion, WNT16 is a crucial regulator of cortical bone thickness in young adult and old mice. We propose that new treatment strategies targeting the adult regulation of WNT16 might be useful to reduce fracture risk at cortical bone sites.

scholarly journals Influence of the growth pattern on cortical bone thickness and mini-implant stability

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
Carolina Carmo de Menezes ◽  
Sérgio Estelita Barros ◽  
Diego Luiz Tonello ◽  
Aron Aliaga-Del Castillo ◽  
Daniela Garib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Insertion Site ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Mini Implants ◽  
The Stability

ABSTRACT Introduction: Controversial reports suggest a relationship between growth pattern and cortical alveolar bone thickness, and its effect in the use of mini-implants. Objective: The main purpose of this study was to assess the influence of the growth pattern on the cortical alveolar bone thickness and on the stability and success rate of mini-implants. Methods: Fifty-six mini-implants were inserted in the buccal region of the maxilla of 30 patients. These patients were allocated into two groups, based on their growth pattern (horizontal group [HG] and vertical group [VG]). Cortical thickness was measured using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. Stability of mini-implants, soft tissue in the insertion site, sensitivity during loading and plaque around the mini-implants were evaluated once a month. Intergroup comparisons were performed using t tests, Mann-Whitney tests, and Fisher exact tests. Correlations were evaluated with Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results: The cortical bone thickness was significantly greater in the HG at the maxillary labial anterior region and at the mandibular buccal posterior and labial anterior regions. There was a significant negative correlation between Frankfort-mandibular plane angle (FMA) and the labial cortical thickness of the maxilla, and with the labial and lingual cortical bone thicknesses of the mandible. No significant intergroup difference was found for mini-implant mobility and success rate. No associated factor influenced stability of the mini-implants. Conclusions: Growth pattern affects the alveolar bone cortical thickness in specific areas of the maxilla and mandible, with horizontal patients presenting greater cortical bone thickness. However, this fact may have no influence on the stability and success rate of mini-implants in the maxillary buccal posterior region.

scholarly journals Dentoalveolar Evaluation of Lower Incisors by CBCT after Treatment with Herbst Appliance

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 562-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Gerszewski ◽  
Francielle Topolski ◽  
Gisele M. Correr ◽  
Rodrigo A. P. Gomes ◽  
Nathaly D. Morais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Anterior Region ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Herbst Appliance ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Class Ii Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lower Incisors

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the Herbst appliance on the proclination and protrusion of the lower incisors, and to verify if the device causes alveolar bone loss in the anterior region of the mandible. This is a retrospective study. The sample consisted of 35 individuals. The treatment group consisted of 22 individuals (8 girls and 14 boys; initial mean age of 8.2 years) who used the Cantilever Herbst appliance for a period of 12 months. The control group consisted of 13 individuals (3 girls and 10 boys; initial mean age of 8.9 years) who received no treatment and were followed up for a period of approximately 18 months. Cone-beam computed tomography scans were performed at the beginning and at the end of the observational period. The medullary bone thickness (MT), buccal cortical bone thickness (BCT), lingual cortical bone thickness (LCT), and lower incisors proclination and protrusion were evaluated. Data were submitted to statistical analysis (ANCOVA and Student’s t-test) with a significance level of 5%. There was no significant difference in MT, BCT, LCT and incisor proclination between groups. Incisor proclination increased in the treated group with no statistical significance. The treatment group showed a significant increase in the protrusion of the incisors (p = 0.02). The Herbst appliance promoted a small proclination and protrusion of the lower incisors, without relevant clinical implications. The Herbst appliance did not cause bone loss in the anterior region of the mandible during Class II treatment.

scholarly journals Zygomatic-maxillary cortical bone thickness in hyper, normo and hypodivergent patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julyano Vieira da COSTA ◽  
Adilson L. RAMOS ◽  
Liogi IWAKI FILHO
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cortical Bone ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Root Apex ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Bone Thickness ◽  
Mandibular Angle ◽  
Cortical Bone Thickness ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Skeletal Pattern

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the thickness of the zygomatic-maxillary cortical bone using computed tomography in different skeletal patterns. Methods: A total of 54 patients of both sexes, divided into three groups according to the vertical skeletal pattern, were evaluated for cortical bone thickness of the anterior slope of the zygomatic process of the maxilla, using cone beam computed tomography. Measurements were made at 2mm, 4mm, 6mm, 8mm and 10mm above from first molar mesial root apex. Vertical skeletal pattern was determined by Frankfurt mandibular angle (FMA). Results: The hyperdivergent pattern had the lowest cortical thickness value, nevertheless, no patient in the hyperdivergent group presented cortical thickness exceeding 2mm, and no patient in the hypodivergent group presented cortical thickness less than 1mm. However, the correlation between cortical thickness and mandibular plane angle was weak and not significant. Conclusion: Although higher prevalence of thick cortical was observed in the hypodivergent patients, and thin cortical groups in the hyperdivergent group, the vertical skeletal pattern could not be used as determinant of the zygomatic-maxillary cortical thickness.

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