scholarly journals Factors Associated with Salmonella Infection in Patients with Gastrointestinal Complaints Seeking Health Care at Regional Hospital in Southern Highland of Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadhili Ashery Ngogo ◽  
Agricola Joachim ◽  
Ahmed M Abade ◽  
Susan F Rumisha ◽  
Mucho M Mizinduko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Regional Hospital ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Salmonella Infection ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complaints ◽  
Southern Highland

Abstract Background Salmonellosis remains an important public health problem globally. The disease is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries that experience poor hygiene and lack of access to clean and safe water. There was an increase in reported cases of Salmonellosis in Njombe region, Southern Highland of Tanzania between 2015 and 2016, based on clinical diagnosis. Nevertheless, little is known about the factors contributing to the transmission of this disease in the region. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and factors associated with Salmonella infection among patients who report gastrointestinal complaints. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2017 to February 2018 among patients with gastrointestinal complaints at Kibena Regional Hospital. Stool samples were submitted for isolation of Salmonella spp. Identification was based on conventional biochemical tests and serotyping to differentiate typhoid and non-typhoid Salmonella (NTS). Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the factors independently associated with Salmonella infection. Results The prevalence of Salmonella infection among participants with gastrointestinal complaints was 16.5% (95% CI: 12.7-21.1) of them, 83.7%, 95% CI: 70.9-91.5 were NTS while 16.3%, 95% CI: 8.5-29.0 were Typhoid Salmonella species. All isolates were sensitive to ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin, whereas 27.8% and 100% were resistant to co-trimoxazole and ampicillin respectively. The odd of Salmonella infection was fourfold higher among participants with formal employment (AOR 3.8, 95% CI, 1.53-9.40). Use of water from wells/rivers (AOR 2.2, 95% CI, 1.07-4.45), drinking untreated water (AOR 2.6, 95% CI, 1.21-5.48) and often eating at a restaurant (AOR 3.4, 95% CI, 1.28-8.93) had increased odds of Salmonella infection. Likewise, having abdominal pain (AOR 8.5, 95% CI, 1.81-39.78) and diarrhea (AOR 2.3, 95% CI, 1.12-4.68) were independent symptoms that predict Salmonella infection. Conclusion There is a high prevalence of Salmonella infection among people who report gastrointestinal complaints and it is clinically predicated by diarhoea and abdominal pain. Employed participants and those eating at restaurant and drinking unsafe water had higher risk of infection. Salmonella spp causing gastroenteritis has developed resistance to commonly used antibiotics.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Salmonella Infection in Patients with Gastrointestinal Complaints Seeking Health Care at Regional Hospital in Southern Highland of Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadhili Ashery Ngogo ◽  
Agricola Joachim ◽  
Ahmed M Abade ◽  
Susan F Rumisha ◽  
Mucho M Mizinduko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Regional Hospital ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Salmonella Infection ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complaints ◽  
Southern Highland

Abstract Background Salmonellosis remains an important public health problem globally. The disease is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries that experience poor hygiene and lack of access to clean and safe water. There was an increase in reported cases of Salmonellosis in the Njombe region Southern Highland of Tanzania between 2015 and 2016, based on clinical diagnosis. Nevertheless, little is known about the factors contributing to the transmission of this disease in the region. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and factors associated with Salmonella infection among patients who report gastrointestinal complaints. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2017 to February 2018 among patients with gastrointestinal complaints at Kibena Regional Hospital. Stool samples were submitted for culture on Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate Agar, intended for isolation of Salmonella spp. Identification was based on conventional biochemical tests and serotyping to differentiate typhoid and non-typhoid Salmonella. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the factors independently associated with Salmonella infection after adjustment for other explanatory variables. Results The prevalence of Salmonella infection among participants with gastrointestinal complaints was 16.5% (95% CI: 12.7-21.1). All isolates were sensitive to ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin, whereas 27.8% and 100% were resistant to co-trimoxazole and ampicillin respectively. The odd of Salmonella infection was fourfold higher among participants with formal employment (AOR 3.8, 95% CI, 1.53-9.40). Use of water from wells/rivers (AOR 2.2, 95% CI, 1.07-4.45), drinking untreated water (AOR 2.6, 95% CI, 1.21-5.48) and often eating at a restaurant (AOR 3.4, 95% CI, 1.28-8.93) had increased odds of Salmonella infection. Likewise, having abdominal pain (AOR 8.5, 95% CI, 1.81-39.78) and diarrhea (AOR 2.3, 95% CI, 1.12-4.68) were independent symptoms that predict Salmonella infection. Conclusion There is a high prevalence of Salmonella infection among people who report gastrointestinal complaints and it is clinically predicated by diarhoea and abdominal pain. Employed participants and those eating at restaurant and drinking unsafe water had higher risk of infection. Salmonella spp causing gastroenteritis has developed resistance to commonly used antibiotics.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Salmonella Infection in Patients with Gastrointestinal Complaints Seeking Health Care at Regional Hospital in Southern Highland of Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadhili Ashery Ngogo ◽  
Agricola Joachim ◽  
Ahmed M Abade ◽  
Susan F Rumisha ◽  
Mucho M Mizinduko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Regional Hospital ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Salmonella Infection ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complaints ◽  
Southern Highland

Abstract Background Salmonellosis remains an important public health problem globally. The disease is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries that experience poor hygiene and lack of access to clean and safe water. There was an increase in reported cases of Salmonellosis in Njombe region, Southern Highland of Tanzania between 2015 and 2016, based on clinical diagnosis. Nevertheless, little is known about the factors contributing to the transmission of this disease in the region. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, and factors associated with Salmonella infection among patients who report gastrointestinal complaints. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2017 to February 2018 among patients with gastrointestinal complaints at Kibena Regional Hospital. Stool samples were submitted for isolation of Salmonella spp. Identification was based on conventional biochemical tests and serotyping to differentiate typhoid and non-typhoid Salmonella (NTS). Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the factors independently associated with Salmonella infection. Results The prevalence of Salmonella infection among participants with gastrointestinal complaints was 16.5% (95% CI: 12.7-21.1) of them, 83.7%, 95% CI: 70.9-91.5 were NTS while 16.3%, 95% CI: 8.5-29.0 were Typhoid Salmonella species. All isolates were sensitive to ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin, whereas 27.8% and 100% were resistant to co-trimoxazole and ampicillin respectively. The odd of Salmonella infection was fourfold higher among participants with formal employment (AOR 3.8, 95% CI, 1.53-9.40). Use of water from wells/rivers (AOR 2.2, 95% CI, 1.07-4.45), drinking untreated water (AOR 2.6, 95% CI, 1.21-5.48) and often eating at a restaurant (AOR 3.4, 95% CI, 1.28-8.93) had increased odds of Salmonella infection. Likewise, having abdominal pain (AOR 8.5, 95% CI, 1.81-39.78) and diarrhea (AOR 2.3, 95% CI, 1.12-4.68) were independent symptoms that predict Salmonella infection. Conclusion There is a high prevalence of Salmonella infection among people who report gastrointestinal complaints and it is clinically predicated by diarhoea and abdominal pain. Employed participants and those eating at restaurant and drinking unsafe water had higher risk of infection. Salmonella spp causing gastroenteritis has developed resistance to commonly used antibiotics.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Salmonella Infection in Patients with Gastrointestinal Complaints Seeking Health Care at Regional Hospital in Southern Highland of Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadhili Ashery Ngogo ◽  
Agricola Joachim ◽  
Ahmed M Abade ◽  
Susan F Rumisha ◽  
Mucho M Mizinduko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Regional Hospital ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Salmonella Infection ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complaints ◽  
Southern Highland

Abstract Background Salmonellosis remains an important public health problem globally. The disease is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries experiencing poor hygiene and lack of access to clean and safe water. There was an increase of 1.2% reported cases of Salmonellosis between 2015 and 2016 in Njombe region, Southern Highland of Tanzania. Nevertheless, little is known on the factors contributing to transmission of this disease in the region. This study was conducted to bring up to date the prevalence, antibiotic susceptibility and factors associated with Salmonella infection in-patient having gastrointestinal complaints. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2017 to February 2018 among patients with gastrointestinal complaints at Njombe Regional Hospital. Stool samples were submitted for culture on Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate Agar, intended for isolation of Salmonella spp. Identification was based on conventional biochemical tests and sero-typing. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Factors associated with occurrence of Salmonella infection were determined by regression analysis using Epi Info software version 3.5.4. Results The prevalence of Salmonella infection among 297 study participants with gastrointestinal features was 16.5%. All isolates were sensitive to ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin, whereas 27.8% and 100% were resistant to co-trimoxazole and ampicillin respectively. The odds of Salmonella infection was fourfold higher among participants with formal employment than others (AOR=3.8, 95% CI, 1.53-9.40). Use of water from wells or river (AOR 2.2, 95% CI, 1.07-4.45), drinking untreated water (AOR 2.6, 95% CI, 1.21-5.48) and often eating at restaurant (AOR 3.4, 95% CI, 1.28-8.93) had increased probability of Salmonella infection. Likewise, having abdominal pain (AOR 8.5, 95% CI 1.81-39.78) and diarrhea (AOR 2.3, 95% CI 1.12-4.68) were independently associated with Salmonella infection. Conclusion Salmonella infection in Njombe is high, contributed by often eating at restaurant and drinking unsafe water from well and river. In addition, Salmonella spp causing gastroenteritis has developed resistance to commonly used antibiotics. It is high time to emphasize on hygienic practices in order to control and prevent Salmonella infection.

scholarly journals Factors associated with Salmonella infection in patients with gastrointestinal complaints seeking health care at Regional Hospital in Southern Highland of Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadhili A. Ngogo ◽  
Agricola Joachim ◽  
Ahmed M. Abade ◽  
Susan F. Rumisha ◽  
Mucho M. Mizinduko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Regional Hospital ◽  
Salmonella Infection ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Gastrointestinal Complaints ◽  
Southern Highland

scholarly journals Occurrence, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and genotypic relatedness of Salmonella spp. isolates from captive wildlife, their caretakers, feed and water in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 146 (12) ◽  
pp. 1543-1549
Author(s):  
Arockiasamy Arun Prince Milton ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Agarwal ◽  
Govindarajan Bhuvana Priya ◽  
Cheruplackal Karunakaran Athira ◽  
Mani Saminathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Wild Animal ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Direct Pcr ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Faecal Samples

AbstractOccurrence of Salmonella spp. in captive wild animal species in India is largely unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine the occurrence of different Salmonella serotypes, antimicrobial resistance patterns and genotypic relatedness of recovered isolates. A total of 370 samples including faecal (n = 314), feed and water (n = 26) and caretakers stool swabs (n = 30) were collected from 40 different wild animal species in captivity, their caretakers, feed and water in four zoological gardens and wildlife enclosures in India. Salmonellae were isolated using conventional culture methods and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility with the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. Salmonella isolates were serotyped and genotyping was performed using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) PCR and 16S rRNA sequencing. Animal faecal samples were also subjected to direct PCR assay. Salmonella was detected in 10 of 314 (3.1%) faecal samples by isolation and 18 of 314 (5.7%) samples by direct PCR assay; one of 26 (3.8%) feed and water samples and five of 30 (16.7%) caretakers stool swabs by isolation. Salmonella was more commonly isolated in faecal samples from golden pheasants (25%; 2/8) and leopard (10%; 2/20). Salmonella enterica serotypes of known public health significance including S. Typhimurium (37.5%; 6/14), S. Kentucky (28.5%; 4/14) and S. Enteritidis (14.3%; 2/14) were identified. While the majority of the Salmonella isolates were pan-susceptible to the commonly used antibiotics. Seven (43.7%; 7/16) of the isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic and one isolate each among them exhibited penta and tetra multidrug-resistant types. Three S. Kentucky serotype were identified in a same golden pheasants cage, two from the birds and one from the feed. This serotype was also isolated from its caretaker. Similarly, one isolate each of S. Typhimurium were recovered from ostrich and its caretaker. These isolates were found to be clonally related suggesting that wildlife may serve as reservoir for infections to humans and vice versa. These results emphasise the transmission of Salmonella among hosts via environmental contamination of feces to workers, visitors and other wildlife.

scholarly journals Occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella spp. isolated from domestic pigeons Columba livia var. domestica in 2007-2017 in Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (05) ◽  
pp. 6280-2019
Author(s):  
ALEKSANDRA LEDWOŃ ◽  
MAGDALENA RZEWUSKA ◽  
MICHAŁ CZOPOWICZ ◽  
MAGDALENA KIZERWETTER-ŚWIDA ◽  
DOROTA CHROBAK-CHMIEL ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Columba Livia ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Carrier Status ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Selective Media ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Domestic Pigeons

Salmonellosis is one of the most important bacterial diseases in pigeons. The disease occurs in birds of different ages, and long-term Salmonella spp. carrier status is a major problem. The study included 499 samples from live pigeons and internal organs from 265 necropsied birds. The samples were cultured on a standard and selective media. Their antimicrobial susceptibility was carried out by the Kirby-Bauer diffusion method. Thirty one Salmonella spp. isolates were cultured. Most isolates were obtained from the internal organs of dead or euthanised pigeons, and only single isolates were obtained from droppings and cloacal swabs. A total of 4% of the samples tested were positive. The greatest percentage of isolates was susceptible to enrofloxacin (96.3%) and florfenicol (95.7%). Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim combination was effective against 73.9% of the isolates. Despite the fact of increasing antibiotic resistance of the investigated bacteria, it is comforting that enrofloxacin remains highly effective despite its widespread use in birds.

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with low back pain among nurses at a regional hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thembelihle Dlungwane ◽  
Anna Voce ◽  
Stephen Knight
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Occupational Injuries ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Regional Hospital ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Related Disorder ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Clinical Records

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a public health problem worldwide and is a common cause of work-related disorder among workers, especially in the nursing profession. Recruitment and retention of nurses is a challenge, and the nursing shortage has been exacerbated by the burden of occupational injuries such as LBP and related disabilities. The physiotherapy clinical records revealed that caseload of nurses presenting for the management of LBP was increasing. The prevalence and factors associated with LBP were unclear.Methods: A cross-sectional study design with an analytic component was implemented. Data were collected utilising a self-administered questionnaire to determine the prevalence and factors associated with LBP among nurses at a regional hospital. Bivariate analyses were performed to determine the factors associated with LBP.Results: The point prevalence of current LBP in nurses was 59%. The highest prevalence was recorded among enrolled nurses (54%), respondents aged 30–39 (46%), overweight respondents (58%) and those working in obstetrics and gynaecology (49%). Bending (p = 0.002), prolonged position (p = 0.03) and transferring patients (p = 0.004) were strongly associated with LBP. Nurses with more than 20 years in the profession reported a high prevalence of LBP. The prevalence of LBP was higher among the participants who were on six-month rotations (76%) compared with those on yearly rotation (16%).Conclusion: A high proportion of nurses reported to have LBP. Occupational factors are strongly associated with LBP. Education programmes on prevention and workplace interventions are required in order to reduce occupational injuries.

scholarly journals Incidence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella, Listeria, and Campylobacter spp. in raw “souvlaki” marketed in Thessaloniki (Northern Greece)

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. SOULTOS (Ν. ΣΟΥΛΤΟΣ) ◽  
E. IOSSIFIDOU (Ε. ΙΩΣΗΦΙΔΟΥ) ◽  
E. PSOMAS (Ε. ΨΩΜΑΣ) ◽  
Z. TZIKAS (Ζ. ΤΖΗΚΑΣ) ◽  
T. LAZOU (Θ. ΛΑΖΟΥ)
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Thermal Processing ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Meat Product ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Food Borne Infections ◽  
Campylobacter Spp

Souvlaki is a popular Greek meat product consisting of small chunks or cubes of pork threaded on a small wooden or metal skewer. In the present study, 105 samples of raw pork souvlaki obtained from retail shops in Thessaloniki (Northern Greece) were screened for the incidence of Salmonella, Listeria, and Campylobacter and their susceptibility to various antimicrobial agents; serotyping of the isolates was also performed. Of the samples tested, 1.9% were positive for Salmonella and yielded 3 serovars (S. SaintPaul, S. Fyris and S. Typhimurium); 31.4% proved positive for Listeria spp. with 6.7% yielding L. monocytogenes isolates belonged to molecular serogroups 2 (serotypes 1/2c and 3c) and 4 ( serotypes 4b, 4d, and 4e). Campylobacter spp. were not detected in any of the samples tested. The antimicrobial susceptibility to various antimicrobial agents of 11 Salmonella strains and 7 L. monocytogenes strains was also determined by disc diffusion method. Salmonella spp. were susceptible to a panel of 12 antibiotics but displayed intermediate resistance to tetracycline. L. monocytogenes isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid and ceftriaxone, partly resistant to clindamycin and cefotaxime, but sensitive to all antibiotics commonly used in veterinary and human listeriosis. Our findings indicate that souvlaki could be a potential vehicle of food borne infections due to strains of L. monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. in the case of inadequate thermal processing. In addition, good hygienic practices must be applied to avoid cross-contamination during preparation or handling of the product.

scholarly journals Characterization of Salmonella enterica Isolates from Diseased Poultry in Northern China between 2014 and 2018

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Jinxin Li ◽  
Fengli Liu ◽  
Yongyou Cheng ◽  
Jingliang Su
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Salmonella Infection ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
First Time ◽  
Meat Type

Salmonella infection not only causes acute and chronic diseases in poultry flocks, but the infected poultry are among the most important reservoirs for a variety of Salmonella serovars frequently transmitted to humans. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of Salmonella spp. in local poultry farms in China. Samples (n = 4255), including dead-in-shell embryos, culled day-old-hatchings and 1- to 4-week-old diseased birds, were collected for Salmonella culture from broiler chicken, meat-type duck and pigeon farms in northern China between 2014 and 2018. A total of 103 Salmonella were isolated. S. enterica serovar Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium were the most prevalent serovars, representing 53.4% and 34.9% of the isolates, respectively. Serovar diversity was the highest in ducks, with the S. Apeyeme being isolated for the first time from duck tissues. All isolates were characterized by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). MLST showed that all S. Enteritidis isolates shared the same sequence type (ST11), and Typhimurium showed several rare STs in addition to ST19. In comparison, PFGE showed better discrimination for S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium isolates, with nine distinct pulsotypes being observed. The isolates exhibited varying degrees of resistance to 15 tested antimicrobials and identified S. Enteritidis isolates (98.18%) with multiple antimicrobial resistance were a cause for concern. Our data on invasive Salmonella infection in meat-type poultry in local farms can be used to identify sources and factors associated with Salmonella spread in poultry and the associated food chain.

scholarly journals Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella and Shigella isolates among children aged below five years with diarrhea attending Robe General Hospital and Goba Referral Hospital, South East Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Addisu Assefa ◽  
Mengistu Girma
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Environmental Sanitation ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Susceptibility Patterns

Abstract Background Diarrheal diseases are responsible for high level of morbidity and mortality, particularly in children below 5 years. Salmonella and Shigella spp. are pathogenic microbes responsible for the major diarrheal associated mortality. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence, factors associated with Salmonella and Shigella isolates infections and their antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among diarrheic children aged below 5 years attending BRGH and GRH, Ethiopia. Methods A health institution based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to July 2016. One stool samples was collected from 422 diarrheic children under the ages of five and were cultured on to Hektoen Enteric (HE) and Salmonella-Shigella agar. Isolation identification of the Salmonella and Shigella isolates were conducted using standard bacteriological methods. Antibiotic susceptibility was done by Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method. The isolates were defined as multidrug resistant if it was resistant to two or more antimicrobial agents. Descriptive statistics were employed and logistic regression models were constructed to determine factors associated with Shigella/Salmonella prevalence. Results The prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella isolates were 6.9 and 4.3%, respectively. Children aged between 1 to 3 years were significantly associated with Salmonella infection [AOR = 19.08, 95% CI (2.68–135.86)]. The odd of prevalence of Salmonella/Shigella isolates was significantly associated with absence of latrine, absence of hand washing after latrine, and in unimmunized children in adjusted odd ratio. Unimproved water sources and hand washing before meal had also higher odd of prevalence although the difference was not significant. All Salmonella and Shigella isolates were resistant to amoxicillin (100%). In addition, all Shigella isolates were completely resistant to chloramphenicol, and tetracycline, and were multidrug resistant. However, all Salmonella and Shigella isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone. Conclusion There was a relatively low prevalence of Salmonella and Shigella species in the study areas and were significantly associated with lack of personal hygiene and environmental sanitation. There were also higher drug resistance and multidrug resistant pattern. Personal hygiene and environmental sanitation, including access to latrine and supply of safe drinking water are suggested. Checking susceptibilities of Shigella and Salmonella isolates causing diarrhea is also suggested.

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