scholarly journals Emergency nurses’ strategies in addressing uncertainty and change in the management of emerging infectious diseases: A grounded theory approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Kam Ki Lam ◽  
Enid Wai Yung Kwong ◽  
Maria Shuk Yu Hung ◽  
Samantha Mei Che Pang ◽  
Wai Tong Chien
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Emergency Care ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Emergency Nurses ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Core Category ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Training Schemes ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach

Abstract Background Uncertainty and change are the inevitable challenges facing emergency nurses, as they are bound by the nature of emergency care. During an epidemic event, emergency care settings are intertwined with urgency, uncertainty, and change, which continuously pose challenges to emergency nurses on their capacity to act on their duties in a well-planned and systematic manner. However, there has been a paucity of understanding concerning emergency nurses’ actions and strategies to address the instabilities and vulnerabilities of the circumstance. The present study aimed to explore emergency nurses’ behaviours and strategies in addressing the challenges of uncertainty and change during an epidemic event. Methods A qualitative design based upon a Straussian grounded theory approach was selected as the method of inquiry. A total of 26 emergency nurses from Hong Kong were recruited in the study by purposive and theoretical sampling strategies. Semi-structured, face-to-face, individual interviews were conducted for data collection. The data were transcribed verbatim and analysed through the grounded theory coding procedures. The COREQ guidelines were applied in the reporting of the present study. Results Rehearsing for improvisation was revealed as the core category. Four interplaying sub-categories were identified: (a) sensing the unclear situation, (b) equipping for the impending battle, (c) calibrating to the evolving guidelines, and (d) navigating the new role and duties. The nurses demonstrated their prudence to orientate themselves to an ambiguous work situation and displayed the flexibility to embrace changes in their practice, roles, and duties. Conclusions The findings delineate that emergency nurses were required to prepare and equip themselves with skills and strategies to improvise and adapt to the management of an epidemic event. The findings also offer insights into the development of education and training schemes that allow emergency nurses to acquire and augment their abilities of decision-making and problem-solving in public health responses.

scholarly journals Investigating the Strategies Adopted by Emergency Nurses to Address Uncertainty and Change in the Event of Emerging Infectious Diseases: A Grounded Theory Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley K.K. Lam ◽  
Enid W.Y. Kwong ◽  
Maria S.Y. Hung ◽  
Wai-tong Chien
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Emergency Nurses ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Core Category ◽  
Evolving Context ◽  
Training Schemes

Emergency nurses frequently encounter uncertainty and changes during the management of emerging infectious diseases, which challenge their capability to perform their duties in a well-planned and systematic manner. To date, little is known about the coping strategies adopted by emergency nurses in addressing uncertainty and changes during an epidemic event. The present study explored emergency nurses’ behaviours and strategies in handling uncertainty and practice changes during an epidemic event. A qualitative study based on the Straussian grounded theory approach was established. Semi-structured, face-to-face, individual interviews were conducted with 26 emergency nurses for data collection. Adapting protocol to the evolving context of practice was revealed as the core category. Four interplaying subcategories were identified: (1) Completing a comprehensive assessment, (2) continuing education for emerging infectious disease management, (3) incorporating guideline updates and (4) navigating new duties and competencies. The nurses demonstrated the prudence to orientate themselves to an ambiguous work situation and displayed the ability to adapt and embrace changes in their practice and duties. These findings offer insights into the need for education and training schemes that allow emergency nurses to acquire and develop the necessary decision-making and problem-solving skills to handle a public health emergency.

scholarly journals Adapting protocol to the evolving context of practice: A grounded theory exploration of the strategies adopted by emergency nurses to address situations of uncertainty and change during the management of emerging infectious diseases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley Kam Ki Lam ◽  
Enid Wai Yung Kwong ◽  
Maria Shuk Yu Hung ◽  
Samantha Mei Che Pang ◽  
Wai Tong Chien
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Emergency Nurses ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Research Guidelines ◽  
Core Category ◽  
Evolving Context ◽  
Training Schemes

Abstract Background: During an epidemic event, emergency care settings are fraught with urgency, uncertainty and changes to the clinical scenario and practice. Such situations challenge the capability of emergency nurses to perform their duties in a well-planned and systematic manner. To date, little is known about the coping strategies adopted by emergency nurses during an epidemic event. The present study explored the behaviours and strategies developed by emergency nurses to handle uncertainty and practice changes during an epidemic event.Methodology and methods: A qualitative design based on the Straussian grounded theory approach was established. A total of 26 emergency nurses from Hong Kong were recruited by purposive and theoretical sampling strategies. Semi-structured, face-to-face, individual interviews were conducted for data collection. The data were transcribed verbatim and analysed using grounded theory coding procedures. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guidelines were followed.Results: Adapting protocol to the evolving context of practice was revealed as the core category. Four interplaying sub-categories were identified: (1) completing a comprehensive assessment, (2) continuing education for emerging infectious disease management, (3) incorporating guideline updates and (4) navigating new duties and competencies. The nurses demonstrated the prudence to orientate themselves to an ambiguous work situation and displayed the ability to adapt and embrace changes in their practice and duties.Conclusions: These findings explain how emergency nurses must adapt and adjust their practice and behaviours to the evolving nature of an epidemic event. These findings also offer insights on the need for education and training schemes that allow emergency nurses to acquire and develop the necessary decision-making and problem-solving skills to handle a public health emergency.

scholarly journals Behavioural Changes in Dementia and their Impact on Professional Caregivers: A Grounded Theory Approach

Dementia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1479-1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katie Appleton ◽  
Antonina Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Everyday Practice ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Behavioural Symptoms ◽  
Core Category ◽  
Professional Caregiver ◽  
Professional Care ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach

Aim The present study aimed to explore the impact that changes in behavioural symptoms of people living with dementia have on professional caregiver and resident relationships. Method A total of 21 interviews were carried out with professional caregivers of people living with dementia. A grounded theory approach was used to investigate everyday experiences of provision of professional care in dementia settings, focussing specifically on the effect of behavioural change on such relationships. Results A core category emerged from this analysis: ‘Developing behaviour in dementia impacts relationships on a personal and professional level’. Discussion Professionals have recognized as part of their everyday practice an eventual deterioration in relationships between themselves as professional caregivers and the residents, but also between the residents and their family members and among residents themselves. Importantly, understanding patients’ behaviour and behavioural change was identified as a crucial factor to achieve and sustain good relationships between professionals and residents suffering with dementia.

Caring in Nursing from an Islamic Perspective: A Grounded Theory Approach

2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubina Barolia,
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Instrument Development ◽  
Role Modeling ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Human Personality ◽  
Grounded Theory Methodology ◽  
Islamic Perspective ◽  
The Core ◽  
Core Category ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach

The aim of this study was to discover the key components of caring within an Islamic context. The grounded theory methodology was utilized to discover caring processes. Seven scholars were interviewed: four were nursing scholars and three were Islamic scholars. Literature was simultaneously searched for support of emerging concepts and to fill in gaps in the emerging theory. The concepts emerging from the data are physical, ethical/moral, ideological, spiritual, and intellectual dimensions of human personality. The five antecedents emerging from the data were the five Rs: response, reflection, relationship, relatedness, and role modeling. Balancing emerged as the core category. Implications include caring instrument development, concepts to modify existing caring theories, and some recommendations for further research.

scholarly journals Coping Experiences: A Pathway towards Different Coping Orientations Four and Twelve Months after Myocardial Infarction—A Grounded Theory Approach

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mari Salminen-Tuomaala ◽  
Päivi Åstedt-Kurki ◽  
Matti Rekiaro ◽  
Eija Paavilainen
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Individual Interviews ◽  
Counseling Intervention ◽  
Grounded Theory Method ◽  
Core Category ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Negative Coping

Background. Patients recovering from a myocardial infarction (MI) are faced with a number of serious challenges.Aim. To create a substantive theory on myocardial infarction patients’ coping as a continuum.Methods. Grounded theory method was used. Data were collected by using individual interviews. The informants were 28 MI patients.Results. The core category “coping experiences—a pathway towards different coping orientations” includes 2 main categories: “positive and negative coping experiences” (4 months after MI) and “different coping orientations” (12 months after MI).Conclusion. Coping with a myocardial infarction is a long-term dynamic process of dealing with varied emotions and adjustment needs. Coping is threatened, if the patient denies the seriousness of the situation, suffers from depression and emotional exhaustion, or if there are serious problems in the interaction with family members. This study stresses the importance of recognizing the patient’s depressive state of mind and the psychological aspects which affect family dynamics. A more family-centered approach involving a posthospital counseling intervention is recommended.Relevance to Clinical Practice. The results of this study can be used in nursing care practice when organizing support interventions for myocardial infarction patients.

scholarly journals From suffering to resignation: Grounded Theory approach to maternal experience with newborn in phototherapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-151
Author(s):  
Tayomara Ferreira Nascimento ◽  
Marla Andréia Garcia de Avila ◽  
Silvia Cristina Mangini Bocchi
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
The Public ◽  
Maternal Experience ◽  
Core Category ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach ◽  
Theoretical Saturation

Abstract Objectives: understanding the experience of puerperal womenwith newborn in phototherapy treatment in rooming-in care. Methods: qualitative research analyzed according to the Grounded Theory and the results discussed in the light of Symbolic Interactionism. The interviews were audiotaped and transcribed in full. The theoretical saturation was based on the analysis of the 15th interview with puerperal women, undergoing the experience in the maternity of the Public Hospital of São Paulo State. Results: from the analysis emerged four categories (sub processes): getting disappointed with the bad news; feeling recluse, separated from her baby, accountable and with not enough support for care; resigning to the protective role of mother of a baby in suffering and at risk; seeking strategies to deal with the situation. From the realignment of these categories (sub processes) emerged the core category (process): from suffering to resignation in order to deal with the maternal experience with NB in phototherapy. Conclusions: the symbolic intervening component, mother's protective role, prompted her to attempt to cope with the challenging experience by feeling compelled to exercise the function of caretaker. The same way that the rooming-in care team emerged in the experience of the mother, using the same symbol, to hold her accountable for constant vigilance in maintaining the integrity of baby's vision.

Discussing school value: an educational services viewpoint

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 901-911
Author(s):  
Keiichi Kitagawa ◽  
Atsushi Aoyama
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
School Improvement ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
School Students ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Core Category ◽  
High School Instructors ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to define school value and its components. This paper discusses the contents of the school’s value and the structure of the school’s value. This paper also shows findings of educational services and value in high school. Design/methodology/approach Comprehensive and inclusive questions were posed about “school value” to high-school instructors. A grounded theory approach was then used to analyze the collected data. Findings This analysis found that school value consists of four core categories: “school,” “students,” “guardians” and “region,” which consist of 13 high-ranking categories believed to represent the substance of school value. In addition, three of the four core categories are linked in a star pattern around the core category of “school.” Research limitations/implications This research analyzes the value of the school using the grounded theory approach. The data used for the analysis are interview data on the value of the school. And these analyzes reveal the contents of school value and the structure of school value. Practical implications This study discussed school value based on hearing data of faculty members. In the analysis method of this research, each school can find its own value by changing the target and contents of interview. Social implications Study of this school value clarified a leader’s role and action in the creation scene of school value. This finding will enable efficient activities of school leaders. As a result, it can be expected to promote school improvement. Originality/value The authors identified the categories forming “school value” and their relative relationships. “School value” emphasizes results co-created by stakeholders.

A Paradigm Model of Traditional Iranian Neighborhood (Mahalleh): A Grounded Theory Approach

2019 ◽  
pp. 120633121989252
Author(s):  
Sepideh Paymanfar ◽  
Bahador Zamani
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Functional Organization ◽  
Social Engineering ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Parental Effect ◽  
Core Category ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
The Social ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach ◽  
New Settlements

Contemporary interventions in historical Mahalleh and the design of new settlements in Iran rely on Western micro-urbanism patterns such as urban villages and new urbanism. Although the urban lifestyle in Iran affects the Mahalleh identity, this context-oriented pattern is more appropriate than the Western ones with all weaknesses and critiques; namely, social engineering and physical determinism. This paper aims to present a paradigm model for the Iranian micro-urbanism (Mahalleh), applying grounded theory methodology. The literature of micro-urbanism is discussed first, followed by exploring the categories of Mahalleh and integrating them around the core category in a paradigm model. Influenced by specific conditions: “collectivism” and “ecological balance” as causal conditions; “social identity” as an intervening condition; “physical and functional organization” as contextual conditions, “familiarity” emerges as a core category in the proposed model. Furthermore, residents of the Mahalleh have special interactions contributing to the “social capital,” “changeability,” and “parental effect.” Finally, “Mahalleh as the home of the families” is a consequence of the actions and interactions done under such conditions.

scholarly journals Getting to the Emergency Department in Time: Interviews With Patients and Their Caregivers on the Challenges to Emergency Care Utilization in Rural Uganda - a Grounded Theory Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley E Pickering ◽  
Heather Dreifuss ◽  
Charles Ndyamwijuka ◽  
Mark Nichter ◽  
Bradley Dreifuss
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Emergency Care ◽  
Treatment Delay ◽  
Chief Complaint ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Grounded Theory Approach

Objectives Karoli Lwanga Hospital and Global Emergency Care, a 501(c)(3) nongovernmental organization, operate an Emergency Department (ED) in Uganda's rural Rukungiri District. Despite available emergency care (EC), preventable death and disability persist due to delayed patient presentations. Implementation of effective EC requires assessment of socioeconomic, cultural, and structural factors leading to treatment delay. Methods We purposefully sampled and interviewed patients and caregivers presenting to the ED more than 12 hours after onset of chief complaint in January-March 2017 to include various ages, genders, and complaints. Semistructured interviews addressing actions taken before seeking EC and delays to presentation once the need for EC was recognized were conducted. Interviews were audio recorded, translated, and transcribed, enabling the interdisciplinary and multicultural research team to conduct thematic analysis utilizing a grounded theory approach. Results The 50 ED patients for whom care was sought (mean age 33) had approximately even distribution of gender, as well as occupation (none, subsistence farmers and small business owner). Interviews were conducted with 37 caregivers and 13 ED patients. The majority of interviewees (mean age 38 years) were women with a primary education. The median duration of patients' chief complaint on ED presentation was 5.5 days. On average, participants identified severe symptoms necessitating EC 1 day before presentation. Four themes of treatment delay before and after severity were recognized were identified: 1) Cultural factors and limited knowledge of emergency signs and initial actions to take ; 2) Use of local health facilities despite perception of inadequate services; 3) Lack of resources to cover the anticipated cost of obtaining EC; 4) Inadequate transportation options. Conclusions Interventions are warranted to address each of the four major reasons for treatment delay. The next stage of formative research will generate intervention strategies and assess the opportunities and challenges to implementation with community and health system stakeholders.

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