scholarly journals Loneliness as a risk factor for frailty transition among older Chinese people

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHA SHA ◽  
Yuebin Xu ◽  
Lin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Healthy Longevity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Older Chinese ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background: Previous literature has reported that loneliness is a strong predictor of frailty risk. However, less is known about the role of loneliness in frailty transition types. This study aimed to examine whether and how loneliness are related to frailty transition among older Chinese people.Methods: Our study used participants (aged ≥60 years) from 2008/2009, 2011/2012 and 2014 waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Loneliness was assessed by a single question asking how often the respondent feels lonely. The FRAIL Scale was created to measure physical frailty for our study, and frailty was also assessed by a broader definition of the frailty index. Frailty transition as an outcome variable has been designed as two types according to the measurement of frailty.Results: Greater loneliness at baseline reduced the possibility of remaining in a robust or prefrail physical frailty state after 3 years (OR=0.78, 95%CI: 0.68–0.91, p<0.01). Greater loneliness was associated with an increased risk of worsening physical frailty over time: compared with those who had never felt lonely, the odds ratios for people who often felt lonely were 1.19 (95%CI: 1.01–1.41, p<0.05) after 3 years and 1.34 (95%CI: 1.08–1.66, p<0.01) after 6 years. The association between loneliness and change in the frailty index differed in the survey periods: loneliness at baseline was found to increase the possibility of participants remaining in frailty (seldom loneliness: OR= 1.78, 95%CI: 1.25–2.55, p<0.01; often loneliness: OR= 1.74, 95%CI: 1.21–2.50, p<0.01) after 6 years, but no significance was shown in the 3-year follow up. Additionally, loneliness at baselines was significantly associated with frailty transition at follow up among the male participants. However, a similar association was not observed among the female participants.Conclusion: Older people with a high level of loneliness tend to be frail in the future, and greater loneliness is related to an increased risk of worsening frailty and remaining frail. Male elderly with a high level of loneliness were more likely to have a worse frailty transition than female elderly in China.

scholarly journals Loneliness as a risk factor for frailty transition among older Chinese people

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHA SHA ◽  
Yuebin Xu ◽  
Lin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Healthy Longevity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Older Chinese ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background: Previous literature has reported that loneliness is a strong predictor of frailty risk. However, less is known about the role of loneliness in frailty transition types. This study aimed to examine whether and how loneliness are related to frailty transition among older Chinese people. Methods: Our study used participants (aged ≥60 years) from 2008/2009, 2011/2012 and 2014 waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Loneliness was assessed by a single question asking how often the respondent feels lonely. The FRAIL Scale was created to measure physical frailty for our study, and frailty was also assessed by a broader definition of the frailty index. Frailty transition as an outcome variable has been designed as two types according to the measurement of frailty.Results: Greater loneliness at baseline reduced the possibility of remaining in a robust or prefrail physical frailty state after 3 years (OR=0.78, 95%CI: 0.68–0.91, p<0.01). Greater loneliness was associated with an increased risk of worsening physical frailty over time: compared with those who had never felt lonely, the odds ratios for people who often felt lonely were 1.19 (95%CI: 1.01–1.41, p<0.05) after 3 years and 1.34 (95%CI: 1.08–1.66, p<0.01) after 6 years. The association between loneliness and change in the frailty index differed in the survey periods: loneliness at baseline was found to increase the possibility of participants remaining in frailty (seldom loneliness: OR= 1.78, 95%CI: 1.25–2.55, p<0.01; often loneliness: OR= 1.74, 95%CI: 1.21–2.50, p<0.01) after 6 years, but no significance was shown in the 3-year follow up. Additionally, loneliness at baselines was significantly associated with frailty transition at follow up among the male participants. However, a similar association was not observed among the female participants.Conclusion: Older people with a high level of loneliness tend to be frail in the future, and greater loneliness is related to an increased risk of worsening frailty and remaining frail. Male elderly with a high level of loneliness were more likely to have a worse frailty transition than female elderly in China.

scholarly journals Loneliness as a risk factor for frailty transition among Chinese old people

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHA SHA ◽  
Xu Yuebin ◽  
Chen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Old People ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Healthy Longevity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background: previous literature has reported that loneliness is a strong predictor of frailty risk, yet less is known about the role of loneliness in frailty transition types. In this study, we examined whether and how loneliness is related to frailty transition among Chinese old people. Methods: our study used participants (aged>=60) from 2008/2009, 2011/2012 and 2014 waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Loneliness was assessed by a single question asking how often the respondent feels lonely and grouped into three levels: never, seldom, and often. FRAIL Scale was created to measure physical frailty for our study, and frailty was also assessed by a broader definition of frailty index. Frailty transition as an outcome variable has been designed as two types according to the measurement of frailty.Results: greater loneliness at baseline reduced the possibility of remaining robust or prefrail physical frailty state after adjusting for confounding variables (3-year period: OR=0.78, p<0.001;6-year period: OR=0.84, p<0.05). Greater loneliness was associated with an increased risk of worsening physical frailty after years: compared with those who had never felt lonely, the odds ratios for people who often felt lonely were 1.19 (p<0.01) after 3 years and 1.34 (p<0.001) after 6 years, adjusted for confounding variables. The association between loneliness and change in the frailty index differed in survey periods: often loneliness at baselines was found to reduce the possibility of participants remaining nonfrail (OR= 0.83, p<0.05) and increase the possibility of participants remaining in frailty (seldom loneliness: OR= 1.78, p<0.001; often loneliness: OR= 1.74, p<0.001) after 6 years. Besides, loneliness at baselines was significantly associated with frailty transition at follow-up among males, even after adjusting for all potential confounding variables. However, a similar association was not observed among females.Conclusion: old people with a high level of loneliness tend to be frail in the future, and greater loneliness is related to increased risk of worsening frailty and remaining frail. Male elderly with a high level of loneliness were more likely to suffer from frailty transition than female elderly in China.

scholarly journals Loneliness as a risk factor for frailty transition among Chinese old people

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHA SHA ◽  
Xu Yuebin ◽  
Chen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Old People ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Healthy Longevity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background: previous literature has reported that loneliness is a strong predictor of frailty risk, yet less is known about the role of loneliness in frailty transition types. In this study, we examined whether and how loneliness is related to frailty transition among Chinese old people. Methods: our study used participants (aged>=60) from 2008/2009, 2011/2012 and 2014 waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Loneliness was assessed by a single question asking how often the respondent feels lonely. FRAIL Scale was created to measure physical frailty for our study, and frailty was also assessed by a broader definition of frailty index. Frailty transition as an outcome variable has been designed as two types according to the measurement of frailty. Results: greater loneliness at baseline reduced the possibility of remaining robust or prefrail physical frailty state after 3 years (OR=0.78, 95%CI: 0.68 - 0.91, p<0.01), adjusted for all confounding variables. Greater loneliness was associated with an increased risk of worsening physical frailty after years: compared with those who had never felt lonely, the odds ratios for people who often felt lonely were 1.19 (95%CI: 1.01 - 1.41, p<0.05) after 3 years and 1.34 (95%CI: 1.08 - 1.66, p<0.01) after 6 years, adjusted for confounding variables. The association between loneliness and change in the frailty index differed in survey periods: loneliness at baselines was found to increase the possibility of participants remaining in frailty (seldom loneliness: OR= 1.78, 95%CI: 1.25 - 2.55, p<0.01; often loneliness: OR= 1.74, 95%CI: 1.21 - 2.50, p<0.01) after 6 years, but no significant sign was shown in 3 years follow-up. Besides, loneliness at baselines was significantly associated with frailty transition at follow-up among males, even after adjusting for all potential confounding variables. However, a similar association was not observed among females. Conclusion: old people with a high level of loneliness tend to be frail in the future, and greater loneliness is related to increased risk of worsening frailty and remaining frail. Male elderly with a high level of loneliness were more likely to suffer from frailty transition than female elderly in China.

scholarly journals Loneliness as a risk factor for frailty transition among Chinese old people

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHA SHA ◽  
Xu Yuebin ◽  
Chen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Odds Ratios ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Healthy Longevity ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background: loneliness has been observed to be associated with subsequent adverse outcomes. Our study aims to investigate whether and how loneliness is related to frailty transition. Methods: our study used 8425 participants (aged>=60) from 2008 and 2011 waves of Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Loneliness was assessed by a single question asking how often the respondent feels lonely and isolated and grouped into three levels of loneliness: never, seldom and often. Frailty was contrasted in physical frailty and frailty index. Frailty transition as outcome variable has been designed as two types according the mearsurement of frailty: remaining robust or prefrail, improvement, worsening and remaining frail was used to describe the transition of physical frailty, and we created three categories of frailty index change to investigate the association between loneliness and frailty transition. Results: greater loneliness reduced the possibility of remaining robust or prefrail physical frailty state after adjusting: odds ratios (95% CI) was 0.78(0.67-0.90), adjusted for age, gender, components number of frail scale at baseline and all other confounding variables. Greater loneliness was associated with an increased risk of worsening physical frailty after 3 years: compared with those never loneliness, the odds ratios (95% CI) for people who often loneliness were 1.19(1.01-1.40), adjusted for age, gender and components number of frail scale at baseline and all other confounding variables. The association between loneliness and the possibility of remaining robust or prefrail physical frailty states had no gender difference, adjusted for age and components number of frail scale at baseline, whereas loneliness was no longer significant in female participants after adjusting for all covariates. Male participants with often loneliness had an increased risk of worsening physical frailty state even with all covariates. By contrast, loneliness showed no significant relationship with physical frailty improvement and remaining frail. We found no significant relationship with loneliness under the model of the frailty index. Conclusion: old adults with a high level of loneliness tend to be physical frailty state in the future, and male older with a high level of loneliness had an increased risk of worsening physical frailty state.

Lower perception of pharmacological treatment increases risk of non-adherence to medication

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
CB Graversen ◽  
JB Valentin ◽  
ML Larsen ◽  
S Riahi ◽  
T Holmberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacological Treatment ◽  
Poisson Regression ◽  
Drug Class ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Adherence To Medication ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
High Level

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): The Danish Heart Foundation Background A large proportion of patients fail to reach optimal adherence to medication following incident ischemic heart disease (IHD) despite amble evidence of the beneficial effect of medication. Non-adherence to medication increases risk of disease-related adverse outcomes but none has explored how perception about pharmacological treatment detail on non-adherence using register-based follow-up data. Purpose To investigate the association between patients’ perception of pharmacological treatment and risk of non-initiation and non-adherence to medication in a population with incident IHD. Methods This cohort study followed 871 patients until 365 days after incident IHD. The study combined patient-reported survey data on perception about pharmacological treatment (categorised by ‘To a high level’, ‘To some level’, and ‘To a lesser level’) with register-based data on reimbursed prescription of cardiovascular medication (antithrombotics, statins, ACE-inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, and β-blockers). Non-initiation was defined as no pick-up of medication in the first 180 days following incident IHD and analysed by Poisson regression. Two different measures evaluated non-adherence in patients initiating treatment: 1) proportion of days covered (PDC) analysed by Poisson regression, and 2) risk of discontinuation analysed by Cox proportional hazard regression. All analyses were adjusted for confounding variables (age, sex, ethnicity, income, educational level, civil status, occupation, charlson comorbidity index, supportive relatives, and individual consultation in medication) identified by directed acyclic graph and obtained from national registers and the survey. Item non-response was handled by multiple imputation and item consistency was evaluated by McDonalds omega. Results Lower perceptions about pharmacological treatment was associated with increased risk of non-initiation and non-adherence to medication irrespectively of drug class and adherence measure in the multiple adjusted analyses (please see figure illustrating results on antithrombotics). A dose-response relationship was observed both at 180- and 365-days of follow-up, but the steepest decline in adherence differed when comparing the two adherence measures (results not shown). Moderate internal consistency was found for the summed measure of perception (McDonalds omega = 0.67). Conclusion Lower perception of pharmacological treatment was associated with subsequent non-initiation and non-adherence to medication, irrespectively of measurement method and drug class. Abstract Figure. Figre: Multiple adjusted analyses

scholarly journals Post-natalizumab disease reactivation in multiple sclerosis: systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 175628641983780 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Prosperini ◽  
Revere P. Kinkel ◽  
Augusto A. Miravalle ◽  
Pietro Iaffaldano ◽  
Simone Fantaccini
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Disease Reactivation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
High Level

Background: Natalizumab (NTZ) is sometimes discontinued in patients with multiple sclerosis, mainly due to concerns about the risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. However, NTZ interruption may result in recrudescence of disease activity. Objective: The objective of this study was to summarize the available evidence about NTZ discontinuation and to identify which patients will experience post-NTZ disease reactivation through meta-analysis of existing literature data. Methods: PubMed was searched for articles reporting the effects of NTZ withdrawal in adult patients (⩾18 years) with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Definition of disease activity following NTZ discontinuation, proportion of patients who experienced post-NTZ disease reactivation, and timing to NTZ discontinuation to disease reactivation were systematically reviewed. A generic inverse variance with random effect was used to calculate the weighted effect of patients’ clinical characteristics on the risk of post-NTZ disease reactivation, defined as the occurrence of at least one relapse. Results: The original search identified 205 publications. Thirty-five articles were included in the systematic review. We found a high level of heterogeneity across studies in terms of sample size (10 to 1866 patients), baseline patient characteristics, follow up (1–24 months), outcome measures (clinical and/or radiological), and definition of post-NTZ disease reactivation or rebound. Clinical relapses were observed in 9–80% of patients and peaked at 4–7 months, whereas radiological disease activity was observed in 7–87% of patients starting at 6 weeks following NTZ discontinuation. The meta-analysis of six articles, yielding a total of 1183 patients, revealed that younger age, higher number of relapses and gadolinium-enhanced lesions before treatment start, and fewer NTZ infusions were associated with increased risk for post-NTZ disease reactivation ( p ⩽ 0.05). Conclusions: Results from the present review and meta-analysis can help to profile patients who are at greater risk of post-NTZ disease reactivation. However, potential reporting bias and variability in selected studies should be taken into account when interpreting our data.

Relationship between frailty and all-cause mortality in patients with atrial fibrillation: a report from the ESC-EHRA EURObservational research programme AF general long-term registry

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Proietti ◽  
M Vitolo ◽  
S Harrison ◽  
G.A Dan ◽  
A.P Maggioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Private Company ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Abstract Introduction Frailty is a major health determinant for cardiovascular disease. Thus far, data on frailty in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) are limited. Aims To evaluate frailty in a large contemporary cohort of European AF patients, the relationship with oral anticoagulant (OAC) prescription and with risk of all-cause death. Methods We analyzed patients enrolled in the ESC-EHRA EORP-AF General Long-Term Registry. A 38-items frailty index (FI) was derived from baseline characteristics according to the accumulation of deficits model proposed by Rockwood and Mitnitsky. All-cause mortality was the primary study outcome. Results Out of the 11096 AF enrolled patients, data for evaluating frailty were available for 6557 (59.1%) patients who have been included in this analysis (mean [SD] age 68.9 [11.5], 37.7% females). Baseline median [IQR] CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED were 3 [2–4] and 1 [1–2], respectively. At baseline, median [IQR] FI was 0.16 (0.12–0.23), with 1276 (19.5%) patients considered “not-frail” (FI&lt;0.10), 4033 (61.5%) considered “pre-frail” (FI 0.10–0.25) and 1248 (19.0%) considered “frail” (FI≥0.25). Age, female prevalence, CHA2DS2-VASc and HAS-BLED progressively increased across the FI classes (all p&lt;0.001). Use of OAC progressively increased among FI classes; after adjustments FI was not associated with OAC prescription (odds ratio [OR]: 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.98–1.19 for each 0.10 FI increase). Conversely, FI was directly associated with vitamin K antagonist (VKA) use (OR: 1.26, 95% CI: 1.18–1.34 for each 0.10 FI increase) and inversely associated with non-VKA OACs (NOACs) use (OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.77–0.88). FI was significantly correlated with CHA2DS2-VASc (Rho= 0.516, p&lt;0.001). Over a median [IQR] follow-up of 731 [704–749] days, there were 569 (8.7%) all-cause death events. Kaplan-Meier curves [Figure] showed an increasing cumulative risk for all-cause death according to FI categories. A Cox multivariable analysis, adjusted for age, sex, type of AF and use of OAC, found that increasing FI as a continuous variable was associated with an increased risk of all-cause death (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.40–1.73 for each 0.10 FI increase). An association with all-cause death risk was found across the FI categories (HR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.23–2.38 and HR: 2.88, 95% CI: 2.02–4.12, respectively for pre-frail and frail patients compared to non-frail ones). FI was also predictive of all-cause death (c-index: 0.660, 95% CI: 0.637–0.682; p&lt;0.001). Conclusions In a European contemporary cohort of AF patients the burden of frailty is significant, with almost 1 out of 5 patients found to be “frail”. Frailty influenced significantly the choice of OAC therapy and was associated with (and predictive of) all-cause death at follow-up. Kaplan-Meier Curves Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): Since the start of EORP programme, several companies have supported it with unrestricted grants.

Psychiatric Diagnoses as Predictors of Suicide

1990 ◽  
Vol 157 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Allebeck ◽  
Christer Allgulander
Keyword(s):  
Patient Care ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Neurotic Disorder ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Almost All

In a cohort of 50 465 Swedish men conscripted for military service in 1969–70, the relative risk for suicide was 3.1 (95% CI 2.3–4.0) among those who had a psychiatric diagnosis at conscription, and 16.7 (95% CI 13.8–20.1) among those who had a psychiatric diagnosis in in-patient care during a 13-year follow-up. Of the diagnoses at conscription, only neurotic disorder, personality disorder and drug dependence were associated with a significantly increased risk for future suicide. Among those who were admitted to hospital, almost all inpatient diagnoses were associated with a significantly increased suicide risk. Although a psychiatric diagnosis in in-patient care was a strong predictor of suicide, only 44% of all 247 men who committed suicide had ever been treated in in-patient psychiatric care.

Prognostic Significance of Visit-To-Visit Variability, Maximum and Minimum LDL Cholesterol in Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Sheng Sheng ◽  
Ya Miao ◽  
Lili Ding ◽  
Yi Cheng ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Strong Predictor ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract BACKGROUND Current guidelines for dyslipidemia management recommended that the LDL_C goal could be lower to less than 70 mg/dL. The present study was to investigate the prognostic significance of the visit-to-visit variability in LDL_C, and minimum and maximum LDL_C during follow-up in Diabetes mellitus. METHODS We studied the risk of outcomes in relation to visit-to-visit LDL_c variability in the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) Lipid trial. LDL_c variability indices were coefficient of variation (CV), variability independent of the mean (VIM), and average real variability (ARV). Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were employed to estimate adjusted hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Compared with the placebo group (n=2667), Fenofibrate therapy group (n=2673) had significantly (P<0.01) lower mean of plasma triglyceride (152.5 vs. 178.6 mg/dl), total cholesterol (158.3 vs.162.9 mg/dl), but similar mean LDL_C during follow-up (88.2 vs.88.6 mg/dl, P>0.05). All three variability indices were associated with primary outcome, total mortality and cardiovascular mortality both in total population and in Fenofibrate therapy group, but only with primary outcome in the placebo group. The minimum LDL_C but not the maximum during follow-up was significantly associated with various outcomes in total population, fenofibrate therapy and placebo group. The minimum LDL_C during follow-up ≥70 mg/dl was associated with increased risk for various outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Visit-to-visit variability in LDL_C was a strong predictor of outcomes, independent of mean LDL_C. Patients with LDL_C be controlled to less than 70 mg/dl at least once during follow-up might have a benign prognosis.

Psychosocioeconomic Precariousness, Cognitive Decline and Risk of Developing Dementia: A 25-Year Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 137-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camille Ouvrard ◽  
Céline Meillon ◽  
Jean-François Dartigues ◽  
José Alberto Ávila-Funes ◽  
Hélène Amieva
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
Successful Ageing ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Psychosocial Vulnerability ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background: This study investigates the relationship between psychosocioeconomic precariousness, cognitive decline and risk of developing dementia. Methods: The sample consisted of 3,710 subjects aged ≥65 years. Psychosocioeconomic precariousness was assessed with a ratio consisting of 8 self-reported items of poor socioeconomic status and psychosocial vulnerability. Results: Participants who were considered as precarious (n = 1,444) presented greater cognitive decline (β = -0.07; p = 0.0067) after adjusting for various confounders. They also had a 36% increased risk of developing dementia (hazard ratio 1.36, 95% confidence interval 1.17-1.57; p < 0.0001) over the 25-year follow-up period. Conclusion: Psychosocioeconomic precariousness is associated with greater cognitive decline and increased risk of developing dementia. This relationship can be explained in light of the concept of cognitive reserve and strengthens the need to consider psychosocioeconomic precariousness of elderly individuals in the definition of successful ageing policies.

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