scholarly journals Rural-urban disparities in unmet long-term care needs and the demand for community care services among elderly people in China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanbing Zeng ◽  
Lixia Wang ◽  
Liangwen Zhang ◽  
Ya Fang
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Healthcare Education ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Services

Abstract Background: Estimates of unmet needs, as an indicator of future needs for long-term care (LTC) services, have become increasingly crucial policy concerns. This study aimed to examine the urban-rural differences in unmet needs and the demand for community care service among community-dwelling elderly people in China. Methods: The data come from the 2014 Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Survey (CLHLS). A total of 1587 community residents aged 65+ with disabilities in the activities of daily living (ADLs) were included in this study. Based on the Andersen theoretical model, binary logistic regression was used to estimate the correlates of unmet needs in LTC. A chi-square test was used to examine the differences in expected needs for community-based LTC services between urban and rural areas. Results: Over half (55.07%) of the participants reported their needs were unmet. Poor economic status and reluctant caregivers seriously affected elderly unmet needs. Among urban older adults, those who were male and lonely reported more unmet needs. Among rural ones, those with severe ADL disability and poor self-rated health reported more unmet needs. In addition, access to medication and home visit services were negatively associated with unmet needs. Living with children (69.12%) was viewed as the most desirable living arrangement among older adults, while living in a LTC facility seemed to be more accepted for rural residents with unmet needs than for other elderly respondents. Residents showed a high demand for community LTC care services, with 82.55% of them expecting to need home visits and 74.29% to healthcare education. Specifically, rural residents had greater expected needs for every community care service than their urban counterparts. However, only 4.66% to 36.42% of the respondents reported that all eight types of services were available, which was far below the demand for these services. Conclusion: The risk of having unmet LTC needs is largely determined by elderly people’s economic status and caregivers’ willingness to provide care for both rural and urban elderly residents. More attention should be paid to psychological consulting services in urban areas, as well as personal care, home visits, psychological consulting and healthcare education services in rural areas.

scholarly journals Rural-urban disparities in unmet long-term care needs and the demand for community care services among elderly people in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanbing Zeng ◽  
Chenxi Lin ◽  
Lixia Wang ◽  
Liangwen Zhang ◽  
Ya Fang
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Unmet Needs ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Healthcare Education ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Adl Disability

Abstract Objective This study aimed to examine the urban-rural differences in unmet needs and the demand for community long-term care (LTC) services among community-dwelling elderly people in China.Methods The data come from the 2014 Chinese Longitudinal Health Longevity Survey (CLHLS). A total of 1587 community residents aged 65+ with disabilities in the activities of daily living (ADLs) were included in this study. Based on the Andersen theoretical model, binary logistic regression was used to estimate the correlates of unmet needs in LTC. A chi-square test was used to examine the differences in expected needs for community-based LTC services between urban and rural areas.Results Over half (55.07%) of the participants reported their needs were unmet. For both rural and urban residents, poor economic status and reluctant caregivers seriously affected unmet needs. In addition, among urban older adults, those who were male and lonely reported more unmet needs. Among rural elderly people, those with severe ADL disability and poor self-rated health reported more unmet needs. In addition, access to medication and home visit services were negatively associated with unmet needs. Living with children (69.12%) was viewed as the most desirable living arrangement among older people, while living in a LTC facility seemed to be more accepted for rural residents with unmet needs than for other elderly respondents. Residents showed a high demand for community LTC care services, with 82.55% of them expecting to need home visits and 74.29% to healthcare education. Specifically, rural residents had greater expected needs for every community care service than their urban counterparts. However, only 4.66% to 36.42% of the respondents reported that all eight types of services were available, which was far below the demand for these services.Conclusion The risk of having unmet needs associated with ADL disability in LTC is largely determined by elderly people’s economic status and caregivers’ willingness to provide care for both rural and urban elderly residents. More attention should be paid to psychological consulting services in urban areas, as well as personal care, home visits, psychological consulting and healthcare education services in rural areas.

Current Status of the Long-term Care Security System for Older Adults in China

2020 ◽  
pp. 016402752094911
Author(s):  
Peng Du ◽  
Tingyue Dong ◽  
Jingyao Ji
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Service Provision ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Security System ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Insurance System

In response to the increasing care demand of older adults and their families, the construction of the long-term care (LTC) security system has been widely recognized by the government, society and families. This article discusses the socio-demographic background, current situation, achievements and issues of this system. The LTC security system in China has achieved considerable progress in enriched service provision and expanded social insurance system pilot programs. However, the issues of unbalanced service provision and the explorative design of the insurance system still need to be resolved. Our recommendations for the development of the LTC security system include comprehensively reviewing the integrated care service system in terms of placing “old adults at the center,” addressing the long-standing divisions between urban and rural areas in service provision and insurance design, advancing research and discussion concerning pilot experiences and improving the unified evaluation and financial planning systems.

Quality Improvement in Community-Based, Long-Term Care: Theory and Reality

1994 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 59-77
Author(s):  
Eleanor D. Kinney ◽  
Jay A. Freedman ◽  
Cynthia A. Loveland Cook
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Care Service ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Theory ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Community Based Services

Community-based, long-term care has become an increasingly popular and needed service for the aged and disabled populations in recent years. These services witnessed a major expansion in 1981 when Congress created the Home and Community-Based Waiver authority for the Medicaid program. Currently, all states offer some complement of community-based, long-term care services to their elderly and disabled populations and nearly all states have Medicaid Home and Community-Based Services waivers which extend these services to their Medicaid eligible clients.An ever increasing proportion of the population is in need of community-based, long-term care services. Between nine and eleven million Americans of all ages are chronically disabled and require some help with tasks of daily living. In 1990, thirty percent of the elderly with at least one impaired activity of daily living used a community-based, long-term care service. Not surprisingly, expenditures for community-based, long-term care have increased.

Maintaining a Long-Term Care Workforce: Ideas from Front Line Workers

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
P. Branch ◽  
Amanda Shearer
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
High Turnover ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Front Line Workers

Throughout Alaska older people say that they would rather remain in their own homes and communities for the duration of their lives. A growing array of home and community based long-term care services are available to assist elders and their families as care needs increase. These include services such as personal care, respite care, delivered meals, and chore services. However, high turnover and the inability to recruit staff limit the availability of these services in many of our rural areas.

The (im)mobility of masculinities: discourses on hiring men in long-term care services in Catalonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireia Roca Escoda ◽  
Yolanda Bodoque Puerta
Keyword(s):  
Long Term Care ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Alternative Conceptions ◽  
Direct Care ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Services ◽  
The Moment

The presence of male job seekers in the long-term care sector poses new challenges for organizations operating in this environment. We take a qualitative approach to analyze the discourses and practices applied by managers of long-term care services in relation to hiring men in their organizations. In this analysis we explore how masculinities are mobilized and whether the growing male presence has brought about changes in hiring requirements in terms of gender. The growing number of professionally trained male carers who are willing to work in direct care settings does not, at the moment, seem to be a factor that alters or challenges organizational hiring requirements. We introduce the concept of (im)mobilization of masculinities to illustrate how, although care service organizations’ recruitment practices do mobilize idealized and alternative conceptions of masculinity, hiring men is not their priority. These practices help to reproduce gender inequalities in the long-term care sector.

A SHARP Response: Developing COVID-19 Research Aims in Partnership with the Seniors Helping as Research Partners (SHARP) Group

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jacobi Elliott ◽  
Alexandra Whate ◽  
Heather McNeil ◽  
Alison Kernoghan ◽  
Paul Stolee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Community Care ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Policy Planning ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Home And Community Care ◽  
Research And Policy

Abstract COVID-19 has disproportionally impacted older adults, and has highlighted many issues, including extreme deficiencies in Canadian long-term care homes and gaps in home and community care services for older adults. In recent years, there has been a push towards better patient and family engagement in health system research, and with the onset of the pandemic, engaging older adults in research and policy planning is more important than ever. In this article, we describe the Seniors Helping as Research Partners (SHARP) approach to engagement with older adults as an example of how partnerships that engage older adults in the development of research aims and processes can help to ensure that future research meets the needs of older adults. SHARP members highlighted a number of areas for future COVID-19 research such as improvements to long-term care, enhancing access to home and community care, and a focus on aging and social isolation.

scholarly journals Blockchain-IoT-Driven Nursing Workforce Planning for Effective Long-Term Care Management in Nursing Homes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Y. P. Tsang ◽  
C. H. Wu ◽  
Polly P. L. Leung ◽  
W. H. Ip ◽  
W. K. Ching
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Home ◽  
Nursing Homes ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Care Service ◽  
Workforce Planning ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Nursing Staffing

Due to the global ageing population, the increasing demand for long-term care services for the elderly has directed considerable attention towards the renovation of nursing homes. Although nursing homes play an essential role within residential elderly care, professional shortages have created serious pressure on the elderly service sector. Effective workforce planning is vital for improving the efficacy and workload balance of existing nursing staff in today’s complex and volatile long-term care service market. Currently, there is lack of an integrated solution to monitor care services and determine the optimal nursing staffing strategy in nursing homes. This study addresses the above challenge through the formulation of nursing staffing optimisation under the blockchain-internet of things (BIoT) environment. Embedding a blockchain into IoT establishes the long-term care platform for the elderly and care workers, thereby decentralising long-term care information in the nursing home network to achieve effective care service monitoring. Moreover, such information is further utilised to optimise nursing staffing by using a genetic algorithm. A case study of a Hong Kong nursing home was conducted to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed system. We found that the total monthly staffing cost after using the proposed model was significantly lower than the existing practice with a change of −13.48%, which considers the use of heterogeneous workforce and temporary staff. Besides, the care monitoring and staffing flexibility are further enhanced, in which the concept of skill substitution is integrated in nursing staffing optimisation.

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