scholarly journals Planning of Food-Energy-Water-Waste (FEW2) nexus for sustainable development

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bowen Feng ◽  
Koen H. van Dam ◽  
Miao Guo ◽  
Nilay Shah ◽  
Stephen Passmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
System Level ◽  
Food Energy ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Business As Usual ◽  
Water Waste

Abstract It is critical for reliable infrastructure planning to address the Food-Energy-Water-Waste (FEW2) nexus at system level. This paper presents the applicability of the systematic modelling platform resilience.io across water, energy and waste sectors with focus on waste-to-energy pathway, aiming to establish the optimal FEW2 nexus based on economic and environmental indicators. A rich array of technology options, including water production facilities, clean energy technologies and waste-to-energy conversions are evaluated to meet the demand of water and energy (mainly gas and electricity), and the treatment requirement of waste and wastewater. A case study of Hunter Valley, the largest region in Australia, is presented in this study, featuring the supply and demand context of developed countries. A full set of scenarios, including business-as-usual (BAU), water and wastewater, power plant decommission, waste-to-energy and policy intervention, is created to present FEW2 nexus from the perspective of individual nodes and the whole system. The results signal the benefits of biogas and syngas generation from anaerobic digestion and gasification for waste-to-energy pathway, alongside findings in water and energy sectors. The outcome of this analysis can then form the foundation of regional planning involving relevant stakeholders, with the modelling tools supporting scenario evaluation and collaborative learning to reach consensus in view of different performance indicators.

scholarly journals Planning of Food-Energy-Water-Waste (FEW2) nexus for sustainable development

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bowen Feng ◽  
Koen H. van Dam ◽  
Miao Guo ◽  
Nilay Shah ◽  
Stephen Passmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
System Level ◽  
Food Energy ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Water Waste

Abstract It is critical for reliable infrastructure planning to address the Food-Energy-Water-Waste (FEW2) nexus at system level. This paper presents the applicability of resilience.io platform across water, energy and waste sectors (including food and agricultural waste) with focus on waste-to-energy pathway, aiming to establish the optimal FEW2 nexus based on economic and environmental indicators. A rich array of technology options, including water production facilities, clean energy technologies and waste-to-energy conversions are evaluated to meet the demand of water and energy (mainly gas and electricity), and the treatment requirement of waste and wastewater. A case study of Hunter Region, the largest region in Australia, is presented in this study, featuring the supply and demand context of developed countries. A full set of scenarios, including business-as-usual (BAU), water and wastewater, power plant decommission, waste-to-energy and policy intervention, is created to present FEW2 nexus from the perspective of individual nodes and the whole system. The results signal the benefits of biogas and syngas generation from anaerobic digestion and gasification for waste-to-energy pathway, alongside findings in water and energy sectors. The outcome of this analysis can then form the foundation of regional planning involving relevant stakeholders, with the modelling tools supporting scenario evaluation and collaborative learning to reach consensus in view of different performance indicators including financial and environmental metrics.

scholarly journals Consequences of the National Energy Strategy in the Mexican Energy System: Analyzing Strategic Indicators with an Optimization Energy Model

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Rodríguez-Martínez ◽  
Yolanda Lechón ◽  
Helena Cabal ◽  
David Castrejón ◽  
Marco Flores ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Energy Strategy ◽  
Change Strategy ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Climate Targets ◽  
Emission Limits ◽  
Business As Usual

This paper presents an approach to the assessment of the Mexican energy system’s evolution under the climate and energy objectives set by the National Climate Change Strategy using an energy optimization model. Some strategic indicators have been chosen to analyze the performance of three integration elements: sustainability, efficiency, and energy security. Two scenarios have been defined in the medium and long-term: the business as usual scenario, with no energy or climate targets, and the National Climate Change Strategy scenario, where clean energy technologies and CO2 emissions objectives are considered. The aim of this work is the analysis of some of those strategic indicators’ evolution using the EUROfusion Times Model. Results show that reaching the strategy targets leads to improvements in the integration elements in the medium and long term. Besides, meeting the CO2 emission limits is achievable in terms of technologies and resources availability but at a high cost, while clean technologies targets are met with no extra costs even in the business as usual scenario.

scholarly journals Multi-Criteria Analysis of Waste-to-Energy Technologies in Developed and Developing Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naser Almanaseer ◽  
Bassim Abbassi ◽  
Connor Dunlop ◽  
Kyle Friesen ◽  
Elliot Nestico-Semianiw
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Capital Cost ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Developing Nation ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Multi Criteria Analysis ◽  
Weighted Factor

The main objective of this paper is to utilize a multi-criteria analysis (MCA) to evaluate Waste-to-Energy (WTE) technologies and identify constraints when examining the placement of a WTE facility. From this, the focus is best summarized by determining the optimal WTE technology in developed countries and how the process would change if implemented in developing nations. In this study, incineration, gasification, and pyrolysis technologies were reviewed and evaluated. The MCA evaluated the different WTE technologies based on a variety of criteria considering environmental, financial, social, technical, and waste quality and quantity. Different weighted factors were used for the two MCAs and different alternative weighted factor scenarios were produced to perform a sensitivity analysis on the results. Overall, pyrolysis was found to be the preferred option for the developed and the developing nation in all scenarios. For developed countries, the highest difference in the overall index score (7 %) was found in incineration between the baseline and scenario 4. In developing countries, the highest differences in the overall index scores were found in scenario 3 for incineration (9 %) and pyrolysis (10 %). Although pyrolysis had the highest overall capital cost due to it being the newest technology, the environmental, social, associated risk, and waste benefits were seen to be more significant on the findings.

Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities: Did This Principle Ever Exist?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Armin Rosencranz ◽  
Kanika Jamwal
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Clean Development Mechanism ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Historical Responsibility ◽  
Common But Differentiated Responsibilities ◽  
Self Differentiation

This article argues that the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)’s conception of common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities (CBDRRC) was never effectively implemented through the Kyoto Protocol. The investments under the Kyoto Protocol’s Clean Development Mechanism suggest that CBDRRC has been used by developed countries to buy a “right to pollute”, i.e., maintaining or even increasing their greenhouse gas emissions, while investing in clean energy in developing nations, thus defeating the essence of CBDRRC as intended under the UNFCCC. Second, it points out that the Paris Agreement reflects a significant shift in the CBDRRC, both in terms of its textual understanding as well as its implementation. A qualifier, “in the light of national circumstances”, was added to the principle of CBDRRC in the Paris Agreement, allowing a form of voluntary self-differentiation. This qualifier diluted a top-down, objective analysis of States’ commitments. For several scholars, this shift has meant a softening of the principle, making the “differentiation” more dynamic and flexible. In the authors’ opinion, the qualifier is a fundamental modification of the principle to make it politically more palatable. It completely disregards the notion of historical responsibility for climate change, which was the cornerstone of CBDRRC as conceived under the UNFCCC. Therefore, rather than presenting a more flexible understanding of UNFCCC’s conception of CBDRRC, the Paris Agreement marks a total departure from it. Lacking an explicit redefinition of the principle of CBDRRC, it is misleading to contend that the Paris Agreement is still anchored in it.

scholarly journals Synthetic models of hydrogenases based on framework structures containing coordinating P, N-atoms as hydrogen energy electrocatalysts – from molecules to materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (8) ◽  
pp. 1305-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia H. Budnikova ◽  
Vera V. Khrizanforova
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
High Current Density ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Metal Derivatives ◽  
Metal Organic ◽  
Metal Doped

AbstractNowadays, hydrogen has become not only an extremely important chemical product but also a promising clean energy carrier for replacing fossil fuels. Production of molecular H2 through electrochemical hydrogen evolution reactions is crucial for the development of clean-energy technologies. The development of economically viable and efficient H2 production/oxidation catalysts is a key step in the creation of H2-based renewable energy infrastructure. Intrinsic limitations of both natural enzymes and synthetic materials have led researchers to explore enzyme-induced catalysts to realize a high current density at a low overpotential. In recent times, highly active widespread numerous electrocatalysts, both homogeneous or heterogeneous (immobilized on the electrode), such as transition metal complexes, heteroatom- or metal-doped nanocarbons, metal-organic frameworks, and other metal derivatives (calix [4] resorcinols, pectates, etc.), which are, to one extent or another, structural or functional analogs of hydrogenases, have been extensively studied as alternatives for Pt-based catalysts, demonstrating prospects for the development of a “hydrogen economy”. This mini-review generalizes some achievements in the field of development of new electrocatalysts for H2 production/oxidation and their application for fuel cells, mainly focuses on the consideration of the catalytic activity of M[P2N2]22+ (M = Ni, Fe) complexes and other nickel structures which have been recently obtained.

scholarly journals Opening Up Transactive Systems: Introducing TESS and Specification in a Field Deployment

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3970
Author(s):  
Marie-Louise Arlt ◽  
David P. Chassin ◽  
L. Lynne Kiesling
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
System Level ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Bidding Strategies ◽  
Incentive Problems ◽  
Tariff Structures ◽  
Field Deployment ◽  
Residential Demand

Transactive energy systems (TS) use automated device bidding to access (residential) demand flexibility and coordinate supply and demand on the distribution system level through market processes. In this work, we present TESS, a modularized platform for the implementation of TS, which enables the deployment of adjusted market mechanisms, economic bidding, and the potential entry of third parties. TESS thereby opens up current integrated closed-system TS, allows for the better adaptation of TS to power systems with high shares of renewable energies, and lays the foundations for a smart grid with a variety of stakeholders. Furthermore, despite positive experiences in various pilot projects, one hurdle in introducing TS is their integration with existing tariff structures and (legal) requirements. In this paper, we therefore describe TESS as we have modified it for a field implementation within the service territory of Holy Cross Energy in Colorado. Importantly, our specification addresses challenges of implementing TS in existing electric retail systems, for instance, the design of bidding strategies when a (non-transactive) tariff system is already in place. We conclude with a general discussion of the challenges associated with “brownfield” implementation of TS, such as incentive problems of baseline approaches or long-term efficiency.

scholarly journals Objectives, Keys and Results in the Water Networks to Reach the Sustainable Development Goals

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1268
Author(s):  
Angel Valentin Mercedes Garcia ◽  
Petra Amparo López-Jiménez ◽  
Francisco-Javier Sánchez-Romero ◽  
Modesto Pérez-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Pressurized Water ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Goals

The world is continuously searching for ways to improve how water is used for energy. As the population increases, so do the needs for natural resources and, in turn, the needs for energy. This research sought to show how the world has tried to achieve more sustainable forms of pressurized water distribution and to show the results that have been obtained. In this sense, technologies have been used for the production of clean energy, energy recovery instead of dissipation, reprogramming of pumping stations and hybrid systems. In many cases, much lower water and energy requirements are achieved and, in turn, greenhouse gas emissions related to water use are reduced. Sixty-one different water systems were analyzed considering different energy, economic and environmental indicators. The different operation range of these indicators were defined according to sustainable indicators.

Waste-to-Energy Technologies Towards Circular Economy: a Systematic Literature Review and Bibliometric Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 232 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronney Arismel Mancebo Boloy ◽  
Augusto da Cunha Reis ◽  
Eyko Medeiros Rios ◽  
Janaína de Araújo Santos Martins ◽  
Laene Oliveira Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Energy Technologies

It Takes a Village: Civil Society Regulation of Employment Standards for Temporary Migrant Workers in Australian Horticulture

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Clibborn
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
System Level ◽  
Temporary Migrant ◽  
Employment Standards ◽  
State Employment ◽  
The Commons ◽  
Migrant Farm

How can civil society actors address regulatory deficiencies in complex systems? The challenge of regulating employment standards in non-unionised industries is shared by many developed countries. In industries like horticulture, violation of minimum employment standards for vulnerable temporary migrant workers is widespread and state employment regulators struggle to enforce laws. This article examines the challenge at a system level incorporating a range of civil society stakeholders. It conceptualises a regional town and its surrounding horticulture-dependent economy and society as a complex system in which stakeholders face the challenge of reputational damage among temporary migrant farm workers, threatening future labour supply. This ‘tragedy of the commons’ was created by some stakeholders acting solely in their individual interests by underpaying and otherwise mistreating the workers. Using a qualitative approach including 30 interviews, focusing on a single farming region in Queensland, Australia, this article identifies the conditions in which civil society stakeholders in a horticulture system regulate employment standards through orienting and connecting with one another to advance both individual and shared interests.

Clean Energy Technologies: Hydrogen Power and Fuel Cells

2020 ◽  
pp. 366-371
Author(s):  
Sameer Lamichaney ◽  
Rishav K. Baranwal ◽  
Saikat Maitra ◽  
Gautam Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Technologies
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document