scholarly journals Number of children and the prevalence of later-life major depression and insomnia in women and men: findings from a cross-sectional study of 0.5 million Chinese adults.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanyu Wang ◽  
Minne Chen ◽  
Tong Xin ◽  
Kun Tang
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Major Depression ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Additional Child ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Pregnancy and parenthood have been associated with physical and mental health. Previous literature concerning the impacts of parity on mental health was inconsistent and lack epidemiolocal evidence. China, with growing mental health problems and changing fertility patterns, faces unique challenges. This study aims to examine the relationship between parity and the prevalence of major depression and insomnia among men and women in the Chinese population. Methods Baseline data from a Chinese population-based study of 512,891 adults (59.01% women) from 10 areas, aged 30-79 were analyzed. Number of children were based on self-report by the participants. Major depression (MD) was assessed using the Composite International Diagnostic Inventory. Insomnia symptoms were accessed by questionnaire comparable to that used in Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between MD/Insomnia and number of children, after stratifications and adjustments. Results For women, each additional child was associated with a 9% decreased odds of MD (OR: 0.91, 95%CI: 0.88-0.96), with the associations significant for those who lived in urban areas (OR: 0.76, 95%CI: 0.70-0.83), or had a lower education (OR: 0.90, 95%CI: 0.85-0.94), or had lower household income (OR: 0.89, 95%CI: 0.85-0.94), or had ever used alcohol (OR: 0.89, 95%CI: 0.84-0.93). The association between per additional children and MD was not significant in men (OR: 1.02, 95%CI: 0.97-1.07) but a decreased odds of MD with per additional child was found in men who lived in urban areas (OR: 0.81, 95%CI: 0.71-0.96). For women, each additional child was associated with a 4% decreased odds of insomnia (OR: 0.96, 95%CI: 0.95-0.96). Each additional child was also associated with a 2% decreased odds of insomnia in men (OR: 0.98, 95%CI: 0.97-1.00). Conclusions MD and insomnia was associated with number of children, particularly in women and the association was mediated by socioeconomic and lifestyle factors. Future mental health public health programs should address parity and sex differences when designing interventions.

Self-Report Depression Scales in the Elderly: The Relationship between the CES-D and ZUNG

1989 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce R. Deforge ◽  
Jeffery Sobal
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Somatic Symptoms ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Common Mental Health Problems ◽  
Depression Scales ◽  
The Relationship

Depression is one of the most common mental health problems in the elderly, but there is little consensus about the best way to assess depression in the aged. The relationship between the CES-D and the ZUNG self-report depression scales was investigated in seventy-eight elderly people with osteoarthritis (mean age 71). The correlation between the scales was r = .69, with the CES-D classifying 15 percent of the participants as depressed, as compared to 6 percent by the ZUNG. Psychological symptoms had the strongest relationship with overall depression scores on both scales. No sex differences were found on psychological items on either scale, but females reported more somatic symptoms on the ZUNG. People over age seventy-four reported more psychological symptoms than their younger counterparts.

scholarly journals Flourishing Despite Migraines: A Nationally Representative Portrait of Resilience and Mental Health among Canadians

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esme Fuller-Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Relationship

Objective 1) To examine the relationship between migraine status and complete mental health (CMH) among a nationally representative sample of Canadians; 2) To identify significant correlates of CMH among those with migraine. Methods Secondary analysis of the nationally representative Canadian Community Health Survey – Mental Health (CCHS-MH) (N=21,108). Bivariate analyses and a series of logistic regression models were performed to identify the association between migraine status and CMH. Significant correlates of CMH were identified in the sample of those with migraine (N=2,186). Results Individuals without a history of migraine had 72% higher odds of being in CMH (OR=1.72; 95% CI=1.57, 1.89) when compared with those with a history of migraine. After accounting for physical health and mental health problems, the relationship between migraine status and CMH was reduced to non-significance, with both groups having an approximately equal likelihood of achieving CMH (OR=1.03; 05% CI=(0.92, 1.15). Among those with migraine, factors that were strongly associated with CMH were a lack of a history of depression, having a confidant, and having an income of $80,000 or more. Conclusion Clinicians and health care providers should also address co-occurring physical and mental health issues to support the overall well-being of migraineurs.

Mental health of older people: the role of primary care

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 838-838
Author(s):  
G. Ivbijaro ◽  
F. Torres-González ◽  
H. Parmentier ◽  
M. Gómez-Beneyto
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Family Doctors ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Health And Social Care

There are currently over 600 million people aged over 60 and it is predicted that, by 2025, the number will double and, by 2050 there will be over 2 billion people aged 60 and above and the number of over 60's will be greater than the number of children under the age of 15. Co-morbid physical and mental health conditions are associated with an aging population and many of this population will suffer from stroke, hypertension, loneliness, depression, dementia, mobility and sight problems. The traditional approach of caring for people in hospitals is increasingly inappropriate for many of the elderly population and primary care is often the first point of contact for many people seeking access to health and social care. In 2008, the WHO and Wonca (World Organisation of Family Doctors) published a document about the integration of mental health into primary care across spectrum. We will be describing the principles and method of integration of mental health problems in old age into primary care using examples from the Australian and UK setting. Also we will examine the role non-governmental organisations can play in the process of integration. Caring for the elderly is rewarding and possible in the primary care setting. The current situation where many elderly people do not have access to an integrated health care system is unacceptable. Using data and a series of case vignettes we will illustrate that primary care has an important role to play within an integrated system.

The five-factor traits as moderators between job insecurity and health

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dragos Iliescu ◽  
Irina Macsinga ◽  
Coralia Sulea ◽  
Gabriel Fischmann ◽  
Tinne Vander Elst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Job Insecurity ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Health Complaints ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze the moderating effects of the broad personality traits associated with the five-factor model (FFM) of personality, on the relationship between qualitative and quantitative job insecurity (JI) and physical and mental health complaints. Design/methodology/approach Self-report data collected in a cross-sectional study from a heterogeneous sample of 469 Romanian employees was analyzed with hierarchical regressions in order to identify moderation effects between each personality trait, JI and health outcomes. Findings Neuroticism and introversion amplify the relationship between JI and mental health complaints. None of the other personality traits showed any significant interaction with JI. No moderating effects were found for physical health complaints. Quantitative and qualitative JI show a high correlation and similar relationships with other variables, but may not be part of the same larger factor. Practical implications The FFM has a lower contribution than expected in explaining the JI-health dynamic, with only 2 out of 5 reaching significance. The personality traits of neuroticism and introversion function as moderately strong vulnerability factors in the JI-mental health relationship, and may be used by managers in identifying employees who are at risk in situations when JI is likely to appear. Originality/value The authors offer overall support for the main effect model in the relationship between JI and health, showing that, while some broad personality traits buffer the negative effect of JI in a fairly strong manner, this effect may be very difficult to completely abolish. The authors further show that quantitative and qualitative JI are very closely related facets of the broader JI construct.

scholarly journals The physical and mental health problems of refugee and migrant fathers: findings from an Australian population-based study of children and their families

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e015603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Giallo ◽  
Elisha Riggs ◽  
Claire Lynch ◽  
Dannielle Vanpraag ◽  
Jane Yelland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Forced Migration ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
English Speaking

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to report on the physical and mental health of migrant and refugee fathers participating in a population-based study of Australian children and their families.DesignCross-sectional survey data drawn from a population-based longitudinal study when children were aged 4–5 years.SettingPopulation-based study of Australian children and their families.Participants8137 fathers participated in the study when their children were aged 4–5 years. There were 131 (1.6%) fathers of likely refugee background, 872 (10.7%) fathers who migrated from English-speaking countries, 1005 (12.4%) fathers who migrated from non-English-speaking countries and 6129 (75.3%) Australian-born fathers.Primary outcome measuresFathers’ psychological distress was assessed using the self-report Kessler-6. Information pertaining to physical health conditions, global or overall health, alcohol and tobacco use, and body mass index status was obtained.ResultsCompared with Australian-born fathers, fathers of likely refugee background (adjusted OR(aOR) 3.17, 95% CI 2.13 to 4.74) and fathers from non-English-speaking countries (aOR 1.79, 95%CI 1.51 to 2.13) had higher odds of psychological distress. Refugee fathers were more likely to report fair to poor overall health (aOR 1.95, 95% CI 1.06 to 3.60) and being underweight (aOR 3.49, 95% CI 1.57 to 7.74) compared with Australian-born fathers. Refugee fathers and those from non-English-speaking countries were less likely to report light (aOR 0.25, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.43, and aOR 0.30, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.37, respectively) and moderate to harmful alcohol use (aOR 0.04, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.17, and aOR 0.14, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.19, respectively) than Australian-born fathers. Finally, fathers from non-English-speaking and English-speaking countries were less likely to be overweight (aOR 0.62, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.75, and aOR 0.84, 95% CI 0.68 to 1.03, respectively) and obese (aOR 0.43, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.58, and aOR 0.77, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.98, respectively) than Australian-born fathers.ConclusionFathers of refugee background experience poorer mental health and poorer general health than Australian-born fathers. Fathers who have migrated from non-English-speaking countries also report greater psychological distress than Australian-born fathers. This underscores the need for primary healthcare services to tailor efforts to reduce disparities in health outcomes for refugee populations that may be vulnerable due to circumstances and sequelae of forced migration and to recognise the additional psychological stresses that may accompany fatherhood following migration from non-English-speaking countries. It is important to note that refugee and migrant fathers report less alcohol use and are less likely to be overweight and obese than Australian-born fathers.

scholarly journals What Is the Purpose in Retiring?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 442-442
Author(s):  
Rachel Best ◽  
Patrick Hill
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Activity Engagement ◽  
Sense Of Purpose

Abstract Sense of purpose is related to many positive physical and mental health outcomes (Boyle, Barnes, Buchman & Bennett, 2009). Unfortunately, sense of purpose declines as adults age and particularly with retirement (Pinquart, 2002). Retirement is often measured dichotomously, however, many people are retiring gradually and do not fit clearly as retired or not retired. Moreover, people retire for different reasons ranging from seemingly non-negative reasons (financial incentives or wanting to spend more time on non-work activities) to more negative reasons (physical health problems, mental health problems, cognitive decline, pressure to retire, or getting fired). The current study (N = 558; mean age = 60.17) used data from a Hawaiian sample in which participants completed self-report surveys on retirement status and activity engagement, as well as a measure of purpose (Scheier et al., 2006). We examined whether the role of retirement on sense of purpose differed by form of or motive for retirement. Results indicated the fully retired population reported significantly lower sense of purpose than both the still working and the partially retired populations, but these two groups did not differ. Participants who retired for negative reasons reported significantly lower sense of purpose than those who retired for non-negative reasons. Greater activity engagement was significantly related to sense of purpose for all retirement statuses. However, this relationship was stronger for the partially retired population. Future research should examine further the role of partial retirement for maintaining sense of purpose in older adulthood.

Socio Demographic and Clinical Profile of Indoor Female Patients of RINPAS

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Rajni Suri ◽  
Anshu Suri ◽  
Neelam Kumari ◽  
Amool R. Singh ◽  
Manisha Kiran
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cross Sectional

The role of women is very crucial in our society. She cares for her parents, partner, children and other relatives. She performs all types of duties in family and also in the society without any expectations. Because of playing many roles, women often face many challenges in their life including both physical and mental. Mental health problems affect women and men equally, but some problems are more common among women including both physical and mental health problems. Aim of the study - The present study is aimed to describe and compare the clinical and socio-demographic correlates of female mentally ill patients. Methods and Materials: The study includes 180 female mentally ill patients based on cross sectional design and the sample for the study was drawn purposively. A semi structured socio-demographic data sheet was prepared to collect relevant information as per the need of the study. Result: The present study reveals that the socio-demographic factors contribute a vital role in mental illness. Findings also showed that majority of patients had mental problems in the age range of 20-30 have high rate. Illiterate and primary level of education and daily wage working women as well as low and middle socio-economic status women are more prone to have mental illness. Other factors like marital status, type of family and religion etc also important factors for mental illness. Keywords: Socio demographic profile, female, psychiatric patient

Camouflaging in non-autistic adults is associated with poorer mental health

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Somerville ◽  
Sarah E. MacPherson ◽  
Sue Fletcher-Watson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Autistic Traits ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Mental Health Symptoms ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Autistic People ◽  
Autistic Adults ◽  
The Relationship

Camouflaging is a frequently reported behaviour in autistic people, which entails the use of strategies to compensate for and mask autistic traits in social situations. Camouflaging is associated with poor mental health in autistic people. This study examined the manifestation of camouflaging in a non-autistic sample, examining the relationship between autistic traits, camouflaging, and mental health. In addition, the role of executive functions as a mechanism underpinning camouflaging was explored. Sixty-three non-autistic adults completed standardised self-report questionnaires which measured: autistic traits, mental health symptoms, and camouflaging behaviours. In addition, a subset (n=51) completed three tests of executive function measuring inhibition, working memory, and set-shifting. Multiple linear regression models were used to analyse data. Results indicated that autistic traits are not associated with mental health symptoms when controlling for camouflaging, and camouflaging predicted increased mental health symptoms. Camouflaging did not correlate with any measure of executive function. These findings have implications for understanding the relationship between autistic traits and mental health in non-autistic people and add to the growing development of theory and knowledge about the mechanism and effects of camouflaging.

Loneliness, social isolation and cardiovascular risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackson Alun ◽  
Barbara Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors

Loneliness and social isolation are increasingly being acknowledged as risk factors for both physical and mental health problems. Recent statistics demonstrate that loneliness and isolation are on the rise internationally, to the point of being classed as an epidemic. In this paper, the authors outline some of the recent research linking loneliness and isolation to significant chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes; mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression; cognitive disorders and dementia. Isolation has also been shown to compromise recovery after acute cardiac events, being associated with increased hospital readmission and premature death. Indeed, isolation has now been identified as a risk factor equivalent in effect to traditional risk factors such as smoking, hypertension and obesity. While distinguishing between objective and subjective indicators of isolation, the authors highlight the complexity of this phenomenon, both in terms of definition and measurement, as well as the interplay between subjective and objective indicators. Important clinical implications for health professionals working with cardiac patients are also proposed, in terms of screening for isolation, and possible interventions to support patients at risk of isolation. The aim of the current article is to emphasise the importance of acknowledging loneliness and isolation as key risk factors requiring urgent attention, both in research and in clinical practice.

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