scholarly journals Making researchers responsible: Attributions of responsibility and ambiguous notions of culture in research codes of conduct

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Govert Valkenburg ◽  
Guus Dix ◽  
Joeri Tijdink ◽  
Sarah de Rijcke
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Attributions Of Responsibility ◽  
Institutional Level ◽  
Exact Boundary ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Responsible Research ◽  
Institutional Responsibility

Abstract Background: Research codes of conduct offer guidance to researchers with respect to which values should be realized in research practices, how these values are to be realized, and what the respective responsibilities of the individual and the institution are in this. However, the question how the division between individual and institutional responsibilities is to be made, has hitherto received little attention. Therefore, we conduct an analysis of research codes of conduct, and investigate how responsibilities are positioned as individual or institutional ones and how the boundary between those two is shaped. Method: We selected 12 institutional, national and international codes of conduct that apply to medical research in the Netherlands, and performed a close-reading content analysis of these codes of conduct. We first identify dominant themes, and then investigate how responsibility is attributed to individuals and institutions. Results: We observe that in many cases, the attribution of the responsibility to either the individual or the institution is not entirely clear and that the notion of culture appears as a residual category for such attributions. This notion of responsible research cultures is deemed important as something that mediates between the individual and institutional level, but at the same time largely lacks substantiation. Conclusions: While many attributions of individual and institutional responsibility are clear, the exact boundary between individual and institutional responsibility is often problematic. We suggest two possible avenues for improvement in codes of conduct: either clearly attribute responsibilities to individuals or institutions and depend less less on the notion of culture, or make culture a more explicit concern and articulate what it is and how it could be fostered.

scholarly journals Making researchers responsible: Attributions of responsibility and ambiguous notions of culture in research codes of conduct

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Govert Valkenburg ◽  
Guus Dix ◽  
Joeri Tijdink ◽  
Sarah de Rijcke
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Attributions Of Responsibility ◽  
Institutional Level ◽  
Exact Boundary ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Responsible Research ◽  
Institutional Responsibility

Abstract Background Research codes of conduct offer guidance to researchers with respect to which values should be realized in research practices, how these values are to be realized, and what the respective responsibilities of the individual and the institution are in this. However, the question how the division between individual and institutional responsibilities is to be made, has hitherto received little attention. Therefore, we conduct an analysis of research codes of conduct, and investigate how responsibilities are positioned as individual or institutional ones and how the boundary between those two is shaped.Method We selected 12 codes of conduct that apply to medical research in the Netherlands, and performed a close-reading content analysis of these codes of conduct. We first identify dominant themes, and then investigate how responsibility is attributed to individuals and institutions.Results We observe that in many cases, the attribution of the responsibility to either the individual or the institution is not entirely clear and that the notion of culture appears as a residual category for such attributions. This notion of responsible research cultures is deemed important as something that mediates between the individual and institutional level, but at the same time largely lacks substantiation.Conclusions While many attributions of individual and institutional responsibility are clear, the exact boundary between individual and institutional responsibility is often problematic. We suggest two possible avenues for improvement in codes of conduct: either clearly attribute responsibilities to individuals or institutions and depend less less on the notion of culture, or make culture a more explicit concern and articulate what it is and how it could be fostered.

scholarly journals Making researchers responsible: Attributions of responsibility and ambiguous notions of culture in research codes of conduct

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Govert Valkenburg ◽  
Guus Dix ◽  
Joeri Tijdink ◽  
Sarah de Rijcke
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Attribution Of Responsibility ◽  
Attributions Of Responsibility ◽  
Institutional Level ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Exact Boundary ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Responsible Research

Abstract Background: Research codes of conduct offer guidance to researchers with respect to which values should be realized in research practices, how these values are to be realized, and what the respective responsibilities of the individual and the institution are in this. However, the question of how the responsibilities are to be divided between the individual and the institution has hitherto received little attention. We therefore performed an analysis of research codes of conduct to investigate how responsibilities are positioned as individual or institutional, and how the boundary between the two is drawn. Method: We selected 12 institutional, national and international codes of conduct that apply to medical research in the Netherlands and subjected them to a close-reading content analysis. We first identified the dominant themes and then investigated how responsibility is attributed to individuals and institutions.Results: We observed that the attribution of responsibility to either the individual or the institution is often not entirely clear, and that the notion of culture emerges as a residual category for such attributions. We see this notion of responsible research cultures as important; it is something that mediates between the individual level and the institutional level. However, at the same time it largely lacks substantiation. Conclusions: While many attributions of individual and institutional responsibility are clear, the exact boundary between the two is often problematic. We suggest two possible avenues for improving codes of conduct: either to clearly attribute responsibilities to individuals or institutions and depend less on the notion of culture, or to make culture a more explicit concern and articulate what it is and how a good culture might be fostered.

La ficción seriada desde el mitoanálisis: aproximación cualitativa a los argumentos universales en Netflix, Prime Video y HBO

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maddalena Fedele ◽  
Antonio-José Planells-de-la-Maza ◽  
Endika Rey
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Narrative Structure ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Visual Narratives ◽  
Strong Hybridization ◽  
Self Knowledge ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Sobre Todo

Recent decades have seen an unprecedented proliferation of serialized audio-visual narratives within the backdrop of the so-called third golden age of television, in the context of meta-television and quality television. The new digital platforms of content distribution have also influenced this. This article delves into the mythanalysis of current serialized audio-visual stories by analyzing their narrative structure to detect which kind of model or mythical portrayals they present to the audience. A qualitative content analysis, combined with a close reading, which included the mythanalysis categories of Balló and Pérez (1997), was carried out on a random sample of 40 serialized fiction programs available on the main streaming platforms (Netflix, Prime Video, and HBO) from their introduction in Spain until 2020. Among the results, a dominant presence of serials stands out, as well as strong hybridization between fiction genres and subgenres. Most of the original myths are revisited in an individualistic tone and focus on the development of personal identity, in addition to a few narratives centered on collective myths. In this sense, the classic myths most present in the sample are those focused on the individual, especially those referring to self-knowledge. Also, new narrative models emerge, and we find cases where the original myths are adapted to contemporary sensitivities by providing more egalitarian portrayals, at the level of race (such as the mestizo messiah) and especially at the level of gender (such as journey of empowerment, love towards oneself, or the freed woman). Resumen En las últimas décadas ha habido una proliferación sin precedentes de narraciones audiovisuales seriadas, en correspondencia con la llamada tercera edad de oro de la televisión, dentro del contexto de la meta-televisión y la llamada quality television, y gracias también a las nuevas plataformas digitales de distribución de contenidos. Este estudio ahonda en el mitoanálisis de los actuales relatos audiovisuales seriales a partir de sus estructuras narrativas para detectar qué tipo de representaciones modélicas o míticas pueden proporcionar a sus públicos. Se ha llevado a cabo un análisis de contenido cualitativo, combinado con una lectura en profundidad, donde se han incluido las categorías del mitoanálisis de Balló y Pérez (1997), sobre una muestra aleatoria de 40 ficciones seriadas disponibles en las principales plataformas de streaming (Netflix, Prime Video y HBO) desde su implementación en España hasta 2020. Entre los resultados destaca una presencia dominante del serial, así como una fuerte hibridación entre géneros y sub-géneros de ficción. La mayoría de los mitos originales están revisitados en clave individualista y se focalizan en el desarrollo de la identidad personal, mientras que hay pocas narrativas centradas en mitos colectivos. En este sentido, los mitos clásicos más presentes en la muestra son los centrados en el individuo, especialmente el del conocimiento de uno mismo. A su vez, también surgen nuevos modelos narrativos y encontramos casos donde los mitos originales se adaptan a la sensibilidad contemporánea proporcionando representaciones más igualitarias, a nivel de raza (como el mesías mestizo) y sobre todo a nivel de género (como el viaje de empoderamiento, el amor hacia uno mismo o la mujer liberada).

Creating guidelines for disaster planning

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Anita Vriend
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Disaster Planning ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Library Collections

Because art institutions in The Netherlands all too often do not include library collections in their emergency response programs, ARLIS/NL decided to prepare guidelines for disaster planning in art libraries. These guidelines, now on the website of ARLIS/NL, serve as a tool in the process of disaster planning and can be customised to the individual situation of each library. This article describes the setting up of the project and its results.

Population Densities Allowed Around Dutch SEVESO Establishments

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. H. Laheij ◽  
B. J. M. Ale ◽  
J. G. Post
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Individual Risk ◽  
Population Densities ◽  
Planning Policy ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Societal Risk ◽  
Dangerous Substances ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Uniform Population

Abstract In the Netherlands, the individual risk and societal risk are used in efforts to reduce the number of people exposed to the effect of an accident at an establishment with dangerous substances. To facilitate the societal risk planning policy an investigation was carried out for the Dutch SEVESO establishments to investigate the possibility of determining a generic uniform population density for the zone between the individual risk contours of 10−5 and 10−6 per year. The indicative limit for the societal risk at this density was not to be exceeded. Also there was to be enough space left for a significantly higher population density outside the individual risk contour of 10−6 per year. The RORISC methodology and the actual data for the 124 Dutch SEVESO establishments were used to determine the generic uniform population density. Based on the data available it can be concluded that the maximum allowed uniform population density in the zone between the individual risk contours of 10−5 and 10−6 per year is lower than one person per hectare. At this density there is no space left for a higher population density outside the individual risk contour of 10−6 per year. For uniform population densities the relative contribution to the societal risk has been found significant up to the individual risk contour of 10−7 per year.

‘Safety first’ versus ‘op de barricaden’

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelle W. Boumans ◽  
Rens Vliegenthart
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
News Media ◽  
Nuclear Energy ◽  
Critical Assessment ◽  
Regional Newspapers ◽  
National Newspaper ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Regional Newspaper ◽  
Safety First

‘Safety first’ versus ‘fighting on the barricades’: a content analysis of the nuclear debate in the Netherlands ‘Safety first’ versus ‘fighting on the barricades’: a content analysis of the nuclear debate in the Netherlands News content is often the result of an intense struggle between sources over the definition of an issue. This study content analyzes the agendas of the proponents and antagonists of nuclear energy in the Netherlands between 2002-2012 and investigates to what extent these agendas overlap with the news media agendas, including the often overlooked press agencies and regional newspapers. Analysis shows that the agenda of opponent Greenpeace – consisting of the themes of nuclear waste and risks – is slightly more visible in news agency and national newspaper content. Regional newspapers however tend to adopt the nuclear industry’s most dominant theme – safety. Interestingly enough, one regional newspaper seems to completely ignore the oppositional voice. This finding calls for a critical assessment of the relation between regional newspaper content and information subsidies.

scholarly journals Expert quotes and exaggeration in health news: a retrospective quantitative content analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Francien G. Bossema ◽  
Peter Burger ◽  
Luke Bratton ◽  
Aimée Challenger ◽  
Rachel C. Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Press Releases ◽  
Quantitative Content Analysis ◽  
Health News ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
External Expert ◽  
Independent Expert ◽  
The Uk

BackgroundThis research is an investigation into the role of expert quotes in health news, specifically whether news articles containing a quote from an independent expert are less often exaggerated than articles without such a quote.MethodsRetrospective quantitative content analysis of journal articles, press releases, and associated news articles was performed. The investigated sample are press releases on peer-reviewed health research and the associated research articles and news stories. Our sample consisted of 462 press releases and 668 news articles from the UK (2011) and 129 press releases and 185 news articles from The Netherlands (2015). We hand-coded all journal articles, press releases and news articles for correlational claims, using a well-tested codebook. The main outcome measures are types of sources that were quoted and exaggeration of correlational claims. We used counts, 2x2 tables and odds ratios to assess the relationship between presence of quotes and exaggeration of the causal claim.ResultsOverall, 99.1% of the UK press releases and 84.5% of the Dutch press releases contain at least one quote. For the associated news articles these percentages are: 88.6% in the UK and 69.7% in the Netherlands. Authors of the study are most often quoted and only 7.5% of UK and 7.0% of Dutch news articles contained a new quote by an expert source, i.e. one not provided by the press release. The relative odds that an article without an external expert quote contains an exaggeration of causality is 2.6.ConclusionsThe number of articles containing a quote from an independent expert is low, but articles that cite an external expert do contain less exaggeration.

scholarly journals Wages for Intern Work

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karly Wildenhaus
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Economic Justice ◽  
Academic Programs ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Labor Laws ◽  
Institutional Level ◽  
Diversity And Inclusion ◽  
Institutional Values ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Job Prospects

While no comprehensive studies have yet been published quantifying the extent of unpaid internships within archives and libraries, their prevalence is easily recognized as widespread. Unpaid internships are offered and facilitated based on the implication that they correlate positively to future job prospects, although recent studies point to evidence that complicates this idea. Instead, the prevalence of unpaid internships may negatively impact efforts for diversity and inclusion among information workers while contributing to greater precarity of labor throughout the workforce. Meanwhile, professional organizations and academic programs often do not discuss the realities of unpaid internships, and some MLIS programs require or encourage students to work without remuneration for course credit at their own expense. Situating unpaid internships within larger questions of economic access, labor laws, indebtedness, and neoliberalization, this paper advocates for the denormalization of unpaid internships within archives and libraries, especially for those institutions that articulate social justice as part of their institutional values. Although rendering these positions obsolete is likely beyond the power of any one entity, this paper identify strategies that can be taken at the individual- and institutional-level to advance economic justice and the dignity of all work that occurs in our respective fields. Pre-print first published online11/25/2018

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