scholarly journals The determinant of Antenatal Care Visits among Pregnant Women in Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Setegn Muche Fenta
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
World Health ◽  
Antenatal Care Visit ◽  
Care Visit ◽  
Pregnant Mothers

Abstract Background Health care services during a pregnancy and after delivery are important for the survival and well being of both the mother and the infant. The World Health Organization recommends a minimum of four antenatal care visits during a pregnancy. In Ethiopia, only 38% of women aged 15-49 with a live birth received at least one-time antenatal care visits from a skilled provider. This value is much more below the average rates of least developed countries and Sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to identify the determinant factor of antenatal care service visits among pregnant women in EthiopiaMethod The national-level cross-sectional Ethiopian Demographic and Health 2016 survey data were accessed and used for the analysis. A total of 7913 pregnant women were included in the study. Zero-inflated Poisson regression models were employed to identify the determinant of antenatal care visits.Results Only 35.5% of the pregnant mothers have visited at least four times and 64.5% of the pregnant mothers have visited less than four times during their periods of pregnancy. The study revealed that rich women (IRR 1.077, 95% CI: 1.029,1.127), having access to mass media (IRR=1.086, 95% CI: 1.045, 1.128), having pregnancy complications (IRR=1.203, 95% CI: 1.165, 1.242), secondary or above-educated women (IRR=1.112, 95% CI:1.052, 1.176), husband's having secondary or above level of education (IRR=1.085, 95% CI: 1.031, 1.142), being married (IRR = 1.187; 95% CI: 1.087,1.296) and women age >30 years (IRR=1.067, 95% CI: 1.024, 1.111) were strongly positively associated with the antenatal care visit. Rural pregnant women less antenatal visits (IRR=0.884, 95% CI: 0.846, 0.924) had also a statistically significant association with antenatal care visits.Conclusion This study was revealed rural women, poor women, uneducated mothers, uneducated husbands, not having access to mass media, unmarried women, have not pregnancy a complication was significantly associated with less number of antenatal care visit. Therefore, efforts are needed to advance the socioeconomic status of women, increasing the educational level of women and their husbands. The concerned body also should be made maternal health-care programs should be stretched and intensified in rural areas.

Quantifying Pregnant Women’s Knowledge of Educational Components of Antenatal Care in Lesotho

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tabeta Seeiso ◽  
Mamutle M. Todd-Maja
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Danger Signs ◽  
In Pregnancy

Antenatal care (ANC) literacy is particularly important for pregnant women who need to make appropriate decisions for care during their pregnancy and childbirth. The link between inadequate health literacy on the educational components of ANC and maternal mortality in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is undisputable. Yet, little is known about the ANC literacy of pregnant women in SSA, with most studies inadequately assessing the four critical components of ANC literacy recommended by the World Health Organization, namely danger signs in pregnancy; true signs of labour; nutrition; and preparedness for childbirth. Lesotho, a country with one of the highest maternal mortality rates in SSA, is also underexplored in this research area. This cross-sectional study explored the levels of ANC literacy and the associated factors in 451 purposively sampled women in two districts in Lesotho using a structured questionnaire, making recourse to statistical principles. Overall, 16.4 per cent of the participants had grossly inadequate ANC literacy, while 79.8 per cent had marginal levels of such knowledge. The geographic location and level of education were the most significant predictors of ANC literacy, with the latter variable further subjected to post hoc margins test with the Bonferroni correction. The participants had the lowest scores on knowledge of danger signs in pregnancy and true signs of labour. Adequate ANC literacy is critical to reducing maternal mortality in Lesotho. Improving access to ANC education, particularly in rural areas, is recommended. This study also provides important recommendations critical to informing the national midwifery curriculum.

scholarly journals Determinants of utilization of antenatal and delivery care at the community level in rural Bangladesh

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. e0257782
Author(s):  
Jesmin Pervin ◽  
Mahima Venkateswaran ◽  
U. Tin Nu ◽  
Monjur Rahman ◽  
Brian F. O’Donnell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Facility Delivery ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Delivery Care ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Antenatal Care Visit ◽  
Care Visit

Background Timely utilization of antenatal care and delivery services supports the health of mothers and babies. Few studies exist on the utilization and determinants of timely ANC and use of different types of health facilities at the community level in Bangladesh. This study aims to assess the utilization, timeliness of, and socio-demographic determinants of antenatal and delivery care services in two sub-districts in Bangladesh. Methods This cross-sectional study used data collected through a structured questionnaire in the eRegMat cluster-randomized controlled trial, which enrolled pregnant women between October 2018-June 2020. We undertook univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine the associations of socio-demographic variables with timely first ANC, four timely ANC visits, and facility delivery. We considered the associations in the multivariate logistic regression as statistically significant if the p-value was found to be <0.05. Results are presented as adjusted odds ratios (AOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Data were available on 3293 pregnant women. Attendance at a timely first antenatal care visit was 59%. Uptake of four timely antenatal care visits was 4.2%. About three-fourths of the women delivered in a health facility. Women from all socio-economic groups gradually shifted from using public health facilities to private hospitals as the pregnancy advanced. Timely first antenatal care visit was associated with: women over 30 years of age (AOR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.05–2.19); nulliparity (AOR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.04–1.62); husbands with >10 years of education (AOR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.09–1.81) and being in the highest wealth quintile (AOR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.18–1.89). Facility deliveries were associated with woman’s age; parity; education; the husband’s education, and wealth index. None of the available socio-demographic factors were associated with four timely antenatal care visits. Conclusions The study observed socio-demographic inequalities associated with increased utilization of timely first antenatal care visit and facility delivery. The pregnant women, irrespective of wealth shifted from public to private facilities for their antenatal care visits and delivery. To increase the health service utilization and promote good health, maternal health care programs should pay particular attention to young, multiparous women, of low socio-economic status, or with poorly educated husbands. Clinical trial registration ISRCTN69491836; https://www.isrctn.com/. Registered on December 06, 2018. Retrospectively registered.

Utilization and Determinants of Antenatal Care Visits in East African Countries: A Multicountry Analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Zemenu Tadesse Tessema ◽  
Amare Minyihun
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
East African ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Wealth Status ◽  
Antenatal Care Visit ◽  
Care Visit ◽  
Planned Pregnancy ◽  
Contraceptive Utilization

Background. The health care a woman receives during pregnancy is important for her survival and baby, both at the time of delivery and shortly after that. In the context of high maternal morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, fewer than 80% of pregnant women receive antenatal care visit services. Receiving antenatal care visits at least four times increases the likelihood of receiving effective maternal health interventions through the antenatal period. This study aimed to identify the utilization and determinants of attending at least four visits in 12 East African countries. Methods. The study used the demographic and health survey data from 12 East African countries from 2008 to 2018. The DHS program adopts standardized methods involving uniform questionnaires, manuals, and field procedures to gather information comparable across countries globally. A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to identify the determinants of completing at least four antenatal care services. With their 95% CI obtained from the adjusted multilevel logistic regression model, the adjusted odds ratio was presented to show the magnitude of the relationship between the independent variable and completing antenatal care visits. Results. The pooled utilization of attending at least four antenatal care visit in the East African region was 52.44% (95% CI: 52.13, 52.74), with the highest attending at least four or more antenatal care visit visits in Zimbabwe (75.72%) and the lowest attending at least four or more antenatal care visit visits in Ethiopia (31.82%). The significant determinants of completing at least four ANC visits were age category (24–34 (AOR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.18, 1.31) and 35–49 (AOR = 1.42, 95% CI: 1.32, 1.53)); being married women (AOR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.1.05, 1.16); education levels of primary education (AOR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.13, 1.27), secondary education (AOR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.24, 1.47), and higher education (AOR = 1.91, 95% CI: 1.62, 2.14); birth order (2–4 (AOR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.70, 0.79) and 5+ (AOR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.58, 0.68)); planned pregnancy (AOR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.75, 0.86); contraceptive utilization (AOR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.29, 1.43); wealth status of middle (AOR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.17) and rich (AOR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.18, 1.32); having no problem accessing health care (AOR = 1.0.95, 95% CI: 0.89, 0.97); and living countries. Conclusions. The coverage of completing the recommended antenatal care visit was low in the region. Age, marital status, mother’s and partner’s education, women’s occupation, birth order, planned pregnancy, contraceptive utilization, wealth status, healthcare accessibility, and living countries were the major determinants of completing recommended antenatal care visits. Therefore, intersectoral collaboration to promote female education and empowerment, improve geographical access to health care, and strengthen implementation of antenatal care policies with active community participation is recommended. In addition, creating a conducive environment in entrepreneurial activities for poor women is needed.

scholarly journals Factors for late initiation of antenatal care in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania: A qualitative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saidi Mgata ◽  
Stephen Oswald Maluka
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Health System ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Care Workers

Abstract Background Antenatal care (ANC) provided by a trained health care provider is important for monitoring pregnancy thereby reducing potential risks for the mother and child during pregnancy and delivery. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends at least four ANC visits to all pregnant women. While the proportion of women who attend at least one ANC in low-income countries is high, most pregnant women start their first ANC attendance very late. In Tanzania only 24% of pregnant women start their first ANC attendance before the fourth month of pregnancy. While factors for the utilization of antenatal care in general have been widely studied, there is paucity of studies on the factors affecting timing of the first ANC attendance. This study aimed to understand individual, community, and health system factors that lead to the delay in seeking ANC services among pregnant women in Ilala Municipal in Dar es Salaam region, Tanzania. Methods A qualitative exploratory study, using in-depth interviews with 20 pregnant women and five health care workers was conducted in three different health facilities in Dar es Salaam Tanzania. Thematic analysis approach was used to analyse the data. Results Individual perceptions of antenatal care, past experience with pregnancy, fear of pregnancy disclosure, and socio-cultural beliefs were the key individual and social factors for late ANC attendance. Shortage of trained health care workers, lack of spouse’s escort and health providers’ disrespect to pregnant women were the main health system barriers to early ANC attendance. Conclusions This study concludes that community members should be sensitized about the importance of early ANC attendance. Additionally, while spouse’s escort policy is important for promoting PMTCT, the interpretation of the policy should not solely be left to the health providers. District and regional health officials should provide correct interpretation of this policy.

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