scholarly journals Cell-division pattern and phylogenetic analyses of a new ciliate genus Parasincirra n. g. (Protista, Ciliophora, Hypotrichia), with report of a new soil species, P. sinica n. sp. found from northwest China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Shao ◽  
Jiyang Ma ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Tengyue Zhang ◽  
Khaled A.S. Al-Rasheid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Division Pattern ◽  
Exact Position ◽  
Single Mass ◽  
Almost All

Abstract Background: Ciliated protists, a huge assemblage of unicellular eukaryotes, are extremely diverse and play important roles in ecosystem in almost all kinds of habitats. Even though there is a growing recognition that those organisms associate with many ecological or environmental processes, their biodiversity, due to many reasons, is poorly understood and many biotopes (e.g. the soil in desert area in Asia) remain largely unknown or unconsidered. Here we document an undescribed form found in sludge soil in a halt-desert inland in China and the taxonomic/ morphogenetic surveys indicate that it represents a new genus and new species, Parasincirra sinica n. g., n. sp. which is supported also by molecular data.Results: This new, monotypic genus Parasincirra n. g. is defined by having three frontal cirri, an amphisiellid median cirral row about as long as the adoral zone, one short frontoventral cirral row, cirrus III/2 and transverse cirri present, buccal and caudal cirri absent, one right and one left marginal row and three dorsal kineties. The main morphogenetic features of the new taxon are: (1) frontoventral-transverse cirral anlagen II to VI are formed in primary mode; (2) the amphisiellid median cirral row is formed by anlagen V and VI, while the frontoventral row is generated from anlage IV; (3) cirral streaks IV to VI generate one transverse cirrus each; (4) frontoventral-transverse cirral anlage II generates one or two cirri, while the posterior one will be absorbed in late stages, that is, no buccal cirrus is formed; (5) the posterior part of the parental adoral zone of membranelles is renewed; (6) dorsal morphogenesis follows a typical Gonostomum-pattern; and (7) the macronuclear nodules fuse to form a single mass. Based on the SSU rDNA information, analyses of the phylogenetic relationship inferred from Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses were unable to outline the exact position of this new form among some other species of related genera which are generally assigned in the family Amphisiellidae Jankowski, 1979. The morphological/ morphogenetical differences between the new genus/species and Uroleptoides Wenzel, 1953/ Parabistichella Jiang et al., 2013, as well as other amphisiellids, clearly support the validity of the establishment of this new genus Parasincirra.

scholarly journals Cell-division pattern and phylogenetic position of a new ciliate genus Parasincirra n. g. (Protista, Ciliophora, Hypotrichia), with report of a new soil species, P. sinica n. sp. found from northwest China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyang Ma ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Tengyue Zhang ◽  
Chen Shao ◽  
Khaled A.S. Al-Rasheid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Biodiversity Survey ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Division Pattern ◽  
Exact Position ◽  
Single Mass

Abstract Background Ciliated species, unicellular eukaryotes, are extremely diverse and occupy a very broad spectrum of ecological niches. Even though there is a growing recognition that enormous ciliates associates with key ecosystem processes in different niches, their diversity is not well understood. One reason is that ciliates are very tiny and may often be overlooked in routine biodiversity survey. Furthermore, the morphological and genetic diversity of ciliates per se is vast and dwarfs that among other multicellular eukaryotes. A new stichotrichid ciliate, Parasincirra sinica n. g., n. sp. is based on classical living morphology, infraciliature, ontogenesis analyses and a comprehensive phylogenetic studies, and enhance understanding of ciliates diversity in sludge soil.Results This new, monotypic genus is defined by having a bipartite adoral zone of membranelles, three frontal cirri, an amphisiellid median cirral row about as long as, or slightly longer than, the adoral zone, one short frontoventral cirral row, cirrus III/2 and transverse cirri present, buccal cirrus and caudal cirri absent, one right and one left marginal row and three dorsal kineties. The morphogenetic features are: (1) five frontoventral-transverse cirral anlagen (excluding undulating membranes anlage) are formed in primary mode; (2) the amphisiellid median cirral row is formed by anlagen V and VI, while the frontoventral row is generated from anlage IV; (3) cirral streaks IV to VI generate one transverse cirrus each; (4) frontoventral-transverse cirral anlage II generates one or two cirri, while the posterior one will be absorbed in late stages, that is, no buccal cirrus is formed; (5) the posterior part of the parental adoral zone of membranelles is renewed; (6) dorsal morphogenesis follows a typical Gonostomum -pattern; and (7) the macronuclear nodules fuse to form a single mass. Based on the SSU rDNA information, analyses of the phylogenetic relationship inferred from Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses were unable to outline the exact position of this new form among some other species of related genera which are generally assigned in the family Amphisiellida. The morphological/ morphogenetical differences between the new genus/species and other amphisiellids, clearly support the validity of the establishment of this new genus Parasincirra .

scholarly journals Cell-division pattern and phylogenetic position of a new ciliate genus Parasincirra n. g. (Protista, Ciliophora, Hypotrichia), with report of a new soil species, P. sinica n. sp. found from northwest China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Shao ◽  
Jiyang Ma ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Tengyue Zhang ◽  
Khaled A.S. Al-Rasheid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Biodiversity Survey ◽  
Exact Position ◽  
Single Mass

Abstract Background: Ciliated species, unicellular eukaryotes, are extremely diverse and occupy a very broad spectrum of ecological niches. Even though there is a growing recognition that enormous ciliates associates with key ecosystem processes in different niches, their diversity is not well understood. One reason is that ciliates are very tiny and may often be overlooked in routine biodiversity survey. Furthermore, the morphological and genetic diversity of ciliates per se is vast and dwarfs that among other multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present the study of a new stichotrichid ciliate, Parasincirra sinica n. g., n. sp. based on classical living morphology, infraciliature, ontogenesis analyses and a comprehensive phylogenetic study, and enhance understanding of ciliates diversity in sludge soil.Results: This new, monotypic genus is defined by having a bipartite adoral zone of membranelles, three frontal cirri, an amphisiellid median cirral row about as long as, or slightly longer than, the adoral zone, one short frontoventral cirral row, cirrus III/2 and transverse cirri present, buccal cirrus and caudal cirri absent, one right and one left marginal row and three dorsal kineties. The main morphogenetic features of the new taxon are: (1) five frontoventral-transverse cirral anlagen (excluding undulating membranes anlage) are formed in primary mode; (2) the amphisiellid median cirral row is formed by anlagen V and VI, while the frontoventral row is generated from anlage IV; (3) cirral streaks IV to VI generate one transverse cirrus each; (4) frontoventral-transverse cirral anlage II generates one or two cirri, while the posterior one will be absorbed in late stages, that is, no buccal cirrus is formed; (5) the posterior part of the parental adoral zone of membranelles is renewed; (6) dorsal morphogenesis follows a typical Gonostomum-pattern; and (7) the macronuclear nodules fuse to form a single mass. Based on the SSU rDNA information, analyses of the phylogenetic relationship inferred from Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses were unable to outline the exact position of this new form among some other species of related genera which are generally assigned in the family Amphisiellida. The morphological/ morphogenetical differences between the new genus/species and Uroleptoides/ Parabistichella, as well as other amphisiellids, clearly support the validity of the establishment of this new genus Parasincirra.

scholarly journals Cell-division pattern and phylogenetic analyses of a new ciliate genus Parasincirra n. g. (Protista, Ciliophora, Hypotrichia), with a report of a new soil species, P. sinica n. sp. from northwest China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyang Ma ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Tengyue Zhang ◽  
Chen Shao ◽  
Khaled A. S. Al-Rasheid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Small Subunit ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
The Family

Abstract Background Ciliated protists, a huge assemblage of unicellular eukaryotes, are extremely diverse and play important ecological roles in most habitats where there is sufficient moisture for their survivals. Even though there is a growing recognition that these organisms are associated with many ecological or environmental processes, their biodiversity is poorly understood and many biotopes (e.g. soils in desert areas of Asia) remain largely unknown. Here we document an undescribed form found in sludge soil in a halt-desert inland of China. Investigations of its morphology, morphogenesis and molecular phylogeny indicate that it represents a new genus and new species, Parasincirra sinica n. g., n. sp. Results The new, monotypic genus Parasincirra n. g. is defined by having three frontal cirri, an amphisiellid median cirral row about the same length as the adoral zone, one short frontoventral cirral row, cirrus III/2 and transverse cirri present, buccal and caudal cirri absent, one right and one left marginal row and three dorsal kineties. The main morphogenetic features of the new taxon are: (1) frontoventral-transverse cirral anlagen II to VI are formed in a primary mode; (2) the amphisiellid median cirral row is formed by anlagen V and VI, while the frontoventral row is generated from anlage IV; (3) cirral streaks IV to VI generate one transverse cirrus each; (4) frontoventral-transverse cirral anlage II generates one or two cirri, although the posterior one (when formed) will be absorbed in late stages, that is, no buccal cirrus is formed; (5) the posterior part of the parental adoral zone of membranelles is renewed; (6) dorsal morphogenesis follows a typical Gonostomum-pattern; and (7) the macronuclear nodules fuse to form a single mass. The investigation of its molecular phylogeny inferred from Bayesian inference and Maximum likelihood analyses based on small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) sequence data, failed to reveal its exact systematic position, although species of related genera are generally assigned to the family Amphisiellidae Jankowski, 1979. Morphological and morphogenetic differences between the new taxon and Uroleptoides Wenzel, 1953, Parabistichella Jiang et al., 2013, and other amphisiellids clearly support the validity of Parasincirra as a new genus. The monophyly of the family Amphisiellidae is rejected by the AU test in this study. Conclusions The critical character of the family Amphisiellidae, i.e., the amphisiellid median cirral row, might result from convergent evolution in different taxa. Amphisiellidae are not monophyletic.

scholarly journals Cell-division pattern and phylogenetic position of a new ciliate genus Parasincirra n. g. (Protista, Ciliophora, Hypotrichia), with report of a new soil species, P. sinica n. sp. found from northwest China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyang Ma ◽  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Tengyue Zhang ◽  
Chen Shao ◽  
Khaled A.S. Al-Rasheid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Biodiversity Survey ◽  
The Family ◽  
Division Pattern ◽  
Exact Position

Abstract Ciliated species, unicellular eukaryotes, are extremely diverse and occupy a very broad spectrum of ecological niches. Even though there is a growing recognition that enormous ciliates associates with key ecosystem processes in different niches, their diversity is not well understood. One reason is that ciliates are very tiny and may often be overlooked in routine biodiversity survey. Furthermore, the morphological and genetic diversity of ciliates per se is vast and dwarfs that among other multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present the study of a new stichotrichid ciliate, Parasincirra sinica n. g., n. sp. based on classical living morphology, infraciliature, ontogenesis analyses and a comprehensive phylogenetic study, and enhance understanding of ciliates diversity in sludge soil. This new, monotypic genus is defined by having a bipartite adoral zone of membranelles, three frontal cirri, an amphisiellid median cirral row about as long as, or slightly longer than, the adoral zone, one short frontoventral cirral row, cirrus III/2 and transverse cirri present, buccal cirrus and caudal cirri absent, three dorsal kineties. The main morphogenetic features are: (1) five frontoventral-transverse cirral anlagen (excluding undulating membranes anlage) are formed in primary mode; (2) the amphisiellid median cirral row is formed by anlagen V and VI, while the frontoventral row is generated from anlage IV; (3) cirral streaks IV to VI generate one transverse cirrus each; (4) frontoventral-transverse cirral anlage II generates one or two cirri, while the posterior one will be absorbed in late stages, that is, no buccal cirrus is formed; (5) the posterior part of the parental adoral zone of membranelles is renewed; (6) dorsal morphogenesis follows a typical Gonostomum -pattern. Based on the SSU rDNA information, analyses of the phylogenetic relationship inferred from Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses were unable to outline the exact position of this new form among some other species of related genera which are generally assigned in the family Amphisiellida . The morphological/ morphogenetical differences between the new genus/species and Uroleptoides / Parabistichella , as well as other amphisiellids, clearly support the validity of the establishment of this new genus Parasincirra .

scholarly journals Annulatascus saprophyticus sp. nov. and Pseudoannulatascus gen. nov. to accommodate Annulatascus biatriisporus (Annulatascales, Sordariomycetes) from Thailand

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 239 (2) ◽  
pp. 174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zonglong Luo ◽  
S.S.N MAHARACHCHIKUMBUR ◽  
Xiaoying Liu ◽  
Shuhong Li ◽  
Lijiao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Gelatinous Matrix ◽  
Decaying Wood ◽  
Gene Data

A new Annulatascus species, A. saprophyticus, found on decaying wood in freshwater in northern Thailand is introduced in this paper. The new taxon is illustrated, described and compared with other species in the genus, as well as a key to genus is provided. It differs from other species in the genus in having straight up right necks at one end, paraphyses embedded in a gelatinous matrix, and 0–3-septate, fusoid to lunate ascospores, which are larger than other species in the genus. Phylogenetic analyses based on LSU gene data showed that A. saprophyticus belongs in Annulatascus sensu strict (Annulatascaceae, Annulatascales, Sordariomycetidae). Based on the molecular data and a reevaluation of morphology, a new genus Pseudoannulatascus in Annulatascaceae is introduced to accommodate Annulatascus biatriisporus.

scholarly journals Redescription of Paradiplozoon hemiculteri (Monogenea, Diplozoidae) from the type host Hemiculter leucisculus, with neotype designation

Parasite ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagmar Jirsová ◽  
Xuejuan Ding ◽  
Kristína Civáňová ◽  
Eliška Jirounková ◽  
Jana Ilgová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Type Host ◽  
Hemiculter Leucisculus ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Median Plate

Paradiplozoon hemiculteri (Ling, 1973), a member of the Diplozoidae, parasitizes the gills of Asian fish. Not only is the type material unavailable for this species, the original description was poor and somewhat conflicting, and adequate molecular data were not available. What is more, the available morphological and molecular data are inconsistent and fluctuate significantly. Here, we present a redescription of P. hemiculteri based on morphological and molecular data from new isolates collected from the type host, the sharpbelly Hemiculter leucisculus (Basilewsky, 1855), captured at the neotype locality (Shaoguan, Guangdong Province, southern China); a neotype for P. hemiculteri was designated from this collection. The length and width of the body, buccal suckers, pharynx, attachment clamps, sickle and the central hook handle were all measured and the shape of the anterior and posterior part of the median plate and anterior and posterior joining sclerites accurately documented. Phylogenetic analyses based on the sequences of the second rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) indicated that all new samples clustered together and differed clearly from sequences attributed to P. hemiculteri, which are deposited in GenBank. Our results confirm that P. hemiculteri is the only diplozoid that has demonstrably been found on the gills of H. leucisculus to date.

Affinities of the Boletus chromapes group to Royoungia and the description of two new genera, Harrya and Australopilus

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 418 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy E. Halling ◽  
Mitchell Nuhn ◽  
Todd Osmundson ◽  
Nigel Fechner ◽  
James M. Trappe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Elongation Factor ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Translation Elongation ◽  
Spore Deposit ◽  
Large Subunit Rdna ◽  
Translation Elongation Factor 1Α

Harrya is described as a new genus of Boletaceae to accommodate Boletus chromapes, a pink-capped bolete with a finely scabrous stipe adorned with pink scabers, a chrome yellow base and a reddish-brown spore deposit. Phylogenetic analyses of large-subunit rDNA and translation elongation factor 1α confirmed Harrya as a unique generic lineage with two species, one of which is newly described (H. atriceps). Some Chinese taxa were recently placed in a separate genus, Zangia, supported by both morphology and molecular data. Multiple accessions from Queensland, Australia, support the synonymy of at least three species in a separate Australian clade in the new genus, Australopilus. The truffle-like Royoungia is also supported as a separate lineage in this clade of boletes. Even though it lacks stipe characters, it possesses the deep, bright yellow to orange pigments in the peridium. Additional collections from Zambia and Thailand represent independent lineages of uncertain phylogenetic placement in the Chromapes complex, but sampling is insufficient for formal description of new species. Specimens from Java referable to Tylopilus pernanus appear to be a sister group of the Harrya lineage.

scholarly journals Polulichloris henanensis gen. et sp. nov. (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta), a novel subaerial coccoid green alga

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 218 (2) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiyin Song ◽  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Guoxiang Liu ◽  
Zhengyu Hu
Keyword(s):  
Green Alga ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Ribulose Bisphosphate Carboxylase ◽  
Bisphosphate Carboxylase ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
18S Rdna Gene

Coccoid green algae are abundant in subaerial habitats, but they are largely unexplored because of their morphological uniformity. Several new genus-level lineages have recently been described on the basis of molecular data. In this study, a coccoid green alga was isolated from surface soil in Zhoukou, Henan Province, China, and the cultured cells were described using light and electron microscopy. The ellipsoidal cell had smooth cell wall and parietal chloroplast with a pyrenoid surrounded by a starch envelope. Reproduction occurred by formation of 2‒16 autospores. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on the nuclear 18S rDNA gene and the chloroplast ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase gene (rbcL) indicated that this coccoid green alga represents a new lineage of the Watanabea clade (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta). Here, we describe this organism as a new genus and species, Polulichloris henanensis, gen. et sp. nov.

Mimaporia, a new genus of Epicopeiidae (Lepidoptera), with description of a new species from Vietnam

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4254 (5) ◽  
pp. 537 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHIA-HSUAN WEI ◽  
SHEN-HORN YEN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
The Family ◽  
A New Species

The Epicopeiidae is a small geometroid family distributed in the East Palaearctic and Oriental regions. It exhibits high morphological diversity in body size and wing shape, while their wing patterns involve in various complex mimicry rings. In the present study, we attempted to describe a new genus, and a new species from Vietnam, with comments on two assumed congeneric novel species from China and India. To address its phylogenetic affinity, we reconstructed the phylogeny of the family by using sequence data of COI, EF-1α, and 28S gene regions obtained from seven genera of Epicopeiidae with Pseudobiston pinratanai as the outgroup. We also compared the morphology of the new taxon to other epicopeiid genera to affirm its taxonomic status. The results suggest that the undescribed taxon deserve a new genus, namely Mimaporia gen. n. The species from Vietnam, Mimaporia hmong sp. n., is described as new to science. Under different tree building strategies, the new genus is the sister group of either Chatamla Moore, 1881 or Parabraxas Leech, 1897. The morphological evidence, which was not included in phylogenetic analyses, however, suggests its potential affinity with Burmeia Minet, 2003. This study also provides the first, although preliminary, molecular phylogeny of the family on which the revised systematics and interpretation of character evolution can be based. 

scholarly journals Discovery of the first succulent bamboo (Poaceae, Bambusoideae) in a new genus from Laos’ karst areas, with a unique adaptation to seasonal drought

PhytoKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 125-137
Author(s):  
Thomas Haevermans ◽  
Dulce Mantuano ◽  
Meng-Yuan Zhou ◽  
Vichith Lamxay ◽  
Agathe Haevermans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Genus ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Seasonal Drought ◽  
Paper Document ◽  
Woody Bamboos ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinities

Lush jungle flagship species, woody bamboos (Poaceae–Bambusoideae) are famed for their synchronous flowering as well as the extensive “bamboo forests” some species can form in tropical or temperate environments. In portions of their natural distribution, Bambusoideae members developed various adaptations to seasonality in environmental parameters, such as frost or seasonal drought. A new taxon, Laobambos calcareus, described here, is extremely novel in showing the first documented case of succulence in bamboos, with its ability to seasonally vary the volume of its stem depending on the quantity of water stored. Anatomical studies presented in this paper document this specificity at the cellular level. Though no flowers or fruits are known yet, unique morphological characteristics along with an investigation of its phylogenetic affinities using molecular data show that this new taxon should belong to a new genus herein described.

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