scholarly journals Prevalence of reduced visual acuity among school-aged children and adolescents in 6 districts of Changsha city: a population-based survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menglian Liao ◽  
Zehuai Cai ◽  
Muhammad Ahmad Khan ◽  
Wenjie Miao ◽  
Ding Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
High School Students ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Primary Grade ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Distant Visual Acuity ◽  
Near Visual Acuity ◽  
Grade 3

Abstract Background: To calculate and evaluate the prevalence of reduced uncorrected distant visual acuity (UCDVA) in primary, middle and high schools in 6 districts of Changsha, Hunan, China.Methods: A population-based retrospective study was conducted in 239 schools in 6 districts of Changsha. After routine eye examination to rule out diseases that can affect refraction, 250,980 eligible students from primary, middle and high schools were enrolled in the survey. Then the uncorrected distant and near visual acuity of each eye were measured. Categories of schools, districts, grades, eye exercises and sports time were also documented and analyzed.Results: The overall prevalence of reduced UCDVA was 51.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 51.6%-52.0%) in 6 districts of Changsha. Results of individual districts were as follows: Furong district 59.9%(95% CI: 57.9%-61.8%), Tianxin district 62.3%(95% CI: 60.5%-64.0%), Wangcheng district 47.8%(95% CI: 46.8%-48.8%), Kaifu district 58.5%(95% CI: 58.0%-58.9%), Yuhua district 47.0%(95% CI: 46.7%-47.4%) and Yuelu district 52.6%(95% CI: 52.3%-52.9%). The proportion of normal VA is seen to decrease from primary grade 3. The proportion of mildly reduced UCDVA is higher in primary grade 1 and 2. The proportion of moderately reduced UCDVA remains similar during 12 grades. The proportion of severely reduced UCDVA increases with grades. Multivariate analysis shows that the prevalence of reduced UCDVA is higher in key schools (risk ratio [RR]= 1.47, 95% CI 1.44-1.50) than non-key schools. Conclusions: According to the existing data analysis results, the prevalence of reduced UCDVA among primary, middle and high school students in Changsha is very high. Some effective measures need to be taken to prevent it.

scholarly journals Prevalence of reduced visual acuity among school-aged children and adolescents in 6 districts of Changsha city: a population-based survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menglian Liao ◽  
zehuai cai ◽  
Muhammad Ahmad Khan ◽  
Wenjie Miao ◽  
Ding Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
High School Students ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Primary Grade ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Distant Visual Acuity ◽  
Near Visual Acuity ◽  
Grade 3

Abstract Background: To calculate and evaluate the prevalence of reduced uncorrected distant visual acuity (UCDVA) in primary, middle and high schools in 6 districts of Changsha, Hunan, China. Methods: A population-based retrospective study was conducted in 239 schools in 6 districts of Changsha. After routine eye examination to rule out diseases that can affect refraction, 250,980 eligible students from primary, middle and high schools were enrolled in the survey. Then the uncorrected distant and near visual acuity of each eye were measured. Categories of schools, districts, grades, eye exercises and sports time were also documented and analyzed. Results: The overall prevalence of reduced UCDVA was 51.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 51.6%-52.0%) in 6 districts of Changsha. Results of individual districts were as follows: Furong district 59.9%(95% CI: 57.9%-61.8%), Tianxin district 62.3%(95% CI: 60.5%-64.0%), Wangcheng district 47.8%(95% CI: 46.8%-48.8%), Kaifu district 58.5%(95% CI: 58.0%-58.9%), Yuhua district 47.0%(95% CI: 46.7%-47.4%) and Yuelu district 52.6%(95% CI: 52.3%-52.9%). The proportion of normal VA is seen to decrease from primary grade 3. The proportion of mildly reduced UCDVA is higher in primary grade 1 and 2. The proportion of moderately reduced UCDVA remains similar during 12 grades. The proportion of severely reduced UCDVA increases with grades. Multivariate analysis shows that the prevalence of reduced UCDVA is higher in key schools (risk ratio [RR]= 1.47, 95% CI 1.44-1.50) than non-key schools. Conclusions: According to the existing data analysis results, the prevalence of reduced UCDVA among primary, middle and high school students in Changsha is very high. Some effective measures need to be taken to prevent it.

scholarly journals Prevalence of reduced visual acuity among school-aged children and adolescents in 6 districts of Changsha city: a population-based survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menglian Liao ◽  
zehuai cai ◽  
Muhammad Ahmad Khan ◽  
Wenjie Miao ◽  
Ding Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Primary Grade ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Distant Visual Acuity ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Primary And Secondary School

Abstract Background: To calculate and evaluate the prevalence of reduced uncorrected distant visual acuity (UCDVA) in primary and secondary school students in 6 districts of Changsha, Hunan, China. Methods: A population-based retrospective study was conducted in 239 schools in 6 districts of Changsha. After routine eye examination to rule out diseases that can affect refraction, 250,980 eligible students from elementary, middle and high schools were enrolled in the survey. Then the uncorrected distant and near visual acuity of each eye were measured. Categories of schools, districts, grades, eye exercises and sports time were also documented and analyzed. Results: The overall prevalence of reduced UCDVA was 51.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 51.6%-52.0%) in 6 districts of Changsha. Results of individual districts were as follows: Furong district 59.9%(95% CI: 57.9%-61.8%), Tianxin district 62.3%(95% CI: 60.5%-64.0%), Wangcheng district 47.8%(95% CI: 46.8%-48.8%), Kaifu district 58.5%(95% CI: 58.0%-58.9%), Yuhua district 47.0%(95% CI: 46.7%-47.4%) and Yuelu district 52.6%(95% CI: 52.3%-52.9%). The proportion of normal VA is seen to decrease from primary grade 3. The proportion of mildly reduced UCDVA is higher in primary grade 1 and 2. The proportion of moderately reduced UCDVA remains similar during 12 grades. The proportion of severely reduced UCDVA increases with grades. Multivariate analysis shows that the prevalence of reduced UCDVA is higher in key schools (odds ratio [OR]= 1.47, 95% CI 1.44-1.50) than non-key schools. Conclusions: According to the existing data analysis results, the prevalence of reduced UCDVA among primary and secondary school students in Changsha is very high. Some effective measures need to be taken to prevent it.

scholarly journals Prevalence of reduced visual acuity among school-aged children and adolescents in 6 districts of Changsha city: a population-based survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Menglian Liao ◽  
Zehuai Cai ◽  
Muhammad Ahmad Khan ◽  
Wenjie Miao ◽  
Ding Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Primary Grade ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Near Visual Acuity ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
Primary And Secondary School

Abstract Background: To calculate and evaluate the prevalence of reduced visual acuity(VA) in primary and secondary school students in 6 districts of Changsha, Hunan, China. Methods: A population-based retrospective study was conducted in 239 schools in 6 districts of Changsha. After routine eye examination to rule out diseases that can affect refraction, 250,980 eligible students from elementary, middle and high schools were enrolled in the survey. Then the uncorrected distant and near visual acuity of each eye were measured. Categories of key schools, districts, grades, eye exercises and sports time were also documented and analyzed. Results: The overall prevalence of reduced VA was 51.8% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 51.6%-52.0%) in 6 districts of Changsha. Results of individual districts were as follows: Furong district 59.9%(95% CI: 57.9%-61.8%), Tianxin district 62.3%(95% CI: 60.5%-64.0%), Wangcheng district 47.8%(95% CI: 46.8%-48.8%), Kaifu district 58.5%(95% CI: 58.0%-58.9%), Yuhua district 47.0%(95% CI: 46.7%-47.4%) and Yuelu district 52.6%(95% CI: 52.3%-52.9%). The proportion of normal VA is seen to decrease from primary grade 3. The proportion of mildly reduced VA is higher in primary grade 1 and 2. The proportion of moderately reduced VA remains similar during 12 grades. The proportion of severely reduced VA increases with grades. Multivariate analysis shows that the prevalence of reduced VA is lower in the province level key schools (odds ratio [OR]=1.23, 95% CI 1.13-1.33) than in the municipal level key schools (OR=1.47, 95% CI 1.44-1.50). Conclusion: According to the existing data analysis results, the prevalence of reduced VA among primary and secondary school students in Changsha is very high. Some effective measures need to be taken to prevent it.

scholarly journals Six-Year Trends on Prevalence of Myopia among School Children in Liuyang, Central South China: Screening Data from 2013 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
MengShi Chen ◽  
Xin Xu ◽  
Julius Abesig ◽  
HuaJun Long ◽  
Huan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
High School Students ◽  
South China ◽  
School Children ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
School Students ◽  
Central South

Abstract Background Myopia is the most common and leading cause of eye problems affecting people of all ages and yet a preventable cause of blindness. The prevalence of myopia in China varied a lot, and related study is lacking from Central South China. So the purpose of this study was to investigate the trends in the prevalence of myopia among under-college school children from 2013 to 2018 in Liuyang district, Central South of China. Methods This was a population-based retrospective study. Uncorrected visual acuity test with the Standard Logarithmic Visual Acuity E chart was used to detect myopia. The yearly age-specific prevalence was calculated and compared. Results A total of 854907 children from Grade 1 to 12 were included. The prevalence of myopia increased from 24.3% (2013) to 35.9% (2018), with a significant trend of increase (p < 0.001). Persistence higher prevalence was seen in girls than boys, urban dwellers than rural dwellers, and senior high school than that of junior high or primary school children. Significant increase trends in the prevalence of severe myopia were seen across time (from year 2013 to 2018) in each age group among students from 11 to 18 years old (p < 0.001). Conclusions There was a remarkable yearly increase in myopia prevalence among school children of all ages and across all grades in China from 2013 to 2018, especially in female, urban and high school students. It is urgently needed for an effective public health intervention for the control of myopia among all Chinese school children.

scholarly journals Design, methodology, and baseline of whole city-million scale children and adolescents myopia survey (CAMS) in Wenzhou, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Liangde Xu ◽  
Youyuan Zhuang ◽  
Guosi Zhang ◽  
Yunlong Ma ◽  
Jian Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Information Management System ◽  
Population Based ◽  
School Students ◽  
Distance Visual Acuity

Abstract Background Myopia is the most common visual impairment in children and adolescents worldwide. This study described an economical and effective population-based screening pipeline and performed the project of a million scale children and adolescents myopia survey (CAMS), which will shed light on the further study of myopia from the level of epidemiology and precision medicine. Methods We developed a novel population-based screening pattern, an intelligent screening process and internet-based information transmission and analysis system to carry out the survey consisting of school children in Wenzhou, China. The examination items include unaided distance visual acuity, presenting distance visual acuity, and non-cycloplegic autorefraction. Myopia and high myopia were defined as spherical equivalent (SE) ≤ − 1.00 diopters (D) and SE ≤ − 6.00 D, respectively. Next, the reports of the vision checking were automatically sent to parents and the related departments. The CAMS project will be done two to four times annually with the support of the government. An online eyesight status information management system (OESIMS) was developed to construct comprehensive and efficient electronic vision health records (EVHRs) for myopia information inquiry, risk pre-warning, and further study. Results The CAMS completed the first-round of screening within 30 days for 99.41% of Wenzhou students from districts and counties, in June 2019. A total of 1,060,925 participants were eligible for CAMS and 1,054,251 (99.37% participation rate) were selected through data quality control, which comprised 1305 schools, and 580,609, 251,050 and 170,967 elementary, middle, and high school students. The mean age of participants was 12.21 ± 3.32 years (6–20 years), the female-to-male ratio was 0.82. The prevalence of myopia in elementary, middle, and high school students was 38.16%, 77.52%, and 84.00%, respectively, and the high myopia incidence was 0.95%, 6.90%, and 12.98%. Conclusions The CAMS standardized myopia screening model involves automating large-scale information collection, data transmission, data analysis and early warning, thereby supporting myopia prevention and control. The entire survey reduced 90% of staff, cost, and time consumption compared with previous surveys. This will provide new insights for decision support for public health intervention.

scholarly journals Increased symptoms of post-traumatic stress in school students soon after the start of the COVID-19 outbreak in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanmei Xu ◽  
Hang Zhang ◽  
Lijuan Huang ◽  
Xiaolan Wang ◽  
Xiaowei Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Psychological Stress ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
School Students ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Senior High School Students

Abstract Background The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) caused psychological stress in Chinese adults population. But we are unaware of whether the pandemic causes psychological stress on children. Methods We used the Children’s Impact of Event Scale questionnaire (CRIES-13) to investigate the degree of Post-traumatic Stress (PTSD) symptoms caused by the pandemic in students selected from schools in Sichuan, Jiangsu, Henan, Yunnan, and Chongqing provinces of China. Results A total of 7769 students(3692 male and 4077 female), aged 8–18 years, were enrolled in the study, comprising 1214 in primary schools, 2799 in junior high schools and 3756 in senior high schools. A total of 1639 students (21.1%) had severe psychological stress reactions. A large proportion of senior high school students (23.3%) experienced severe psychological stress, and they had the highest median total CRIES-13 score. Female students were more likely to experience severe psychological stress and had higher median CRIES-13 total scores than males. Conclusion COVID-19 has placed psychological stresses on primary and secondary school students in China. These stresses are more likely to reach severe levels among female students and senior high school students.

Survey of school nurses’ experiences of providing counselling on sexual orientation to high school students in Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryohei Terao ◽  
Noriyo Kaneko
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
Support Needs ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
School Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Correlated Factors

AbstractObjectiveTo ascertain the prevalence and correlated factors of providing consultation on sexual orientation and the characteristics of school nurses in high schools in Japan.MethodsParticipants were school nurses working in high schools in Aichi prefecture. Items investigated included background, experiences in providing counselling on sexual orientation, the availability of materials and resources for students, and learning experiences concerning how to handle sexual orientation concerns. We divided the respondents into two groups: one group who have provided counselling on sexual orientation before and one group with no such experience. Chi square tests were utilized to compare the responses between groups.ResultsAmong the respondents, 38.9% (n = 140) had previous experience of providing counselling to students on sexual orientation. The group with experience of providing counselling is more likely to have 10–29 years of experience, to work at a senior high school, to be informed on notifications from the Ministry of Education, to have experience of learning how to provide counselling on sexual orientation, and to be aware of effective resources.ConclusionIn Japan, it is expected that the support needs related to LGBTI will become more obvious in the future and efforts to create an environment in which it is easy for young people to consult with school nurses or other support figures are necessary.

scholarly journals Teacher Overinvolvement and Student Depression among Junior High School Students in Taiwan

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 834-846 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fen Fen Huang ◽  
Cou Chen Wu ◽  
Chang Ya Hu ◽  
Sun Shen Yang
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Model ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Teacher Involvement ◽  
School Students ◽  
Emotional Overinvolvement ◽  
Teachers And Students

This study examines depression in students at public high schools in Taiwan. The purpose of this study is to examine which student-level and teacher-level variables affect student depression due to teacher emotional overinvolvement and other factors. A survey instrument adapted and translated from existing surveys was distributed to 1,479 Taiwanese adolescents aged 13—15 years and 172 teachers from 10 public junior high schools in the city of Taipei. The hierarchical linear model (HLM) was used for a cross-level analysis of the data. The HLM shows that student-level measures account for most of the variance. Teacher emotional overinvolvement and core self-evaluations are the preponderant influences on student ratings. In terms of teacher-level variables, the effects of teacher involvement, teacher depression, and teacher educational background on student-level variables are strong and significant. The findings of this study recommend the development of a comprehensive counseling system for teachers and students.

scholarly journals School-Based and PRECEDE-PROCEED-Model Intervention to Promote Physical Activity in the High School Students: Case Study of Iran

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baratali Rezapour ◽  
Firoozeh Mostafavi ◽  
Hamid Reza Khalkhali
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
High Schools ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
School Students ◽  
School Based Intervention ◽  
School Based ◽  
Sedentary Life Style

<p><strong>OBJECTIVES:</strong> Students attend sedentary life style and less like vigorous physical activity. This study investigated the effects of School-based intervention<strong> </strong>on increasing physical activity for decreasing obesity among high-school obese and overweight boys, based on the components of PRECEDE PROCEED Model, to participate in median - vigorous physical activity among the first Period of high school boys in the city of Urmia, Iran</p><p><strong>METHODS:</strong> This study was an experimental intervention that conducted at 4 high schools that were divided into 2 groups of intervention (40) and the control (40) male students, schools in junior high schools in Urmia.</p><p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Three and six months after the intervention, significant differences were found between the experimental and control groups of schools, in the amount of students’ participation in vigorous physical activity (p&lt;0.01).</p><p><strong>CONCLUSIONS:</strong> According to the results, the school-based intervention and components of PRECEDE PROCEED Model had a positive impact on the improvement of physical activity and decrease in physical inactivity among the students.</p>

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