scholarly journals The association between mental health and physical fitness in Norwegian adolescents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Åvitsland ◽  
Eva Leibinger ◽  
Tommy Haugen ◽  
Øystein Lerum ◽  
Runar Barstad Solberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Strengths And Difficulties ◽  
Adjusted Model ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Studies indicate that cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and body composition are associated with mental health. However, research is scarce concerning this relationship in young adolescents in general and non-existent in Norwegian populations specifically. The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between different health-related aspects of physical fitness and self-reported mental health in Norwegian adolescents. Methods: Participants from four regions of Norway (n = 1486; mean age = 13.9; girls = 50.6%) completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, and were measured for cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and body composition. Linear mixed effects models were conducted to assess the associations between the health-related aspects of physical fitness and the total difficulties score of the questionnaire. Results: Body composition was not associated with total difficulties score. Muscular strength independently was associated with total difficulties score, but when all independent variables were entered in the fully adjusted model, only cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with total difficulties score. School clusters were included as random effects and all models were controlled for sex, socioeconomic status and birthplace (domestic or foreign). Conclusions: A small but significant negative association between cardiorespiratory fitness and total difficulties score indicated that higher cardiorespiratory fitness predicted better mental health in Norwegian adolescents. The results suggest that muscular strength is not associated with mental health in adolescents, when controlling for cardiorespiratory fitness. Future research on how exercise affects mental health should investigate whether there is a greater effect for participants who improve their cardiorespiratory fitness.

scholarly journals The association between physical fitness and mental health in Norwegian adolescents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Åvitsland ◽  
Eva Leibinger ◽  
Tommy Haugen ◽  
Øystein Lerum ◽  
Runar Barstad Solberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Psychological Difficulties

Abstract Background: Studies indicate that health-related components of physical fitness are associated with mental health outcomes. However, research is scarce concerning this relationship in young adolescents in general and non-existent in Norwegian populations specifically. The aim of the study was to examine whether body composition, muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness were associated with self-reported mental health in Norwegian adolescents. Methods: Adolescents from four regions of Norway (n = 1486; mean age = 13.9; girls = 50.6%) participated. Self-reported mental health (psychological difficulties) was measured by completing the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Objective measures were taken of their cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and body composition. Linear mixed effects models were conducted to assess the associations between the health-related components of physical fitness and psychological difficulties. Results: Body composition was not associated with psychological difficulties. Muscular strength independently was associated with psychological difficulties, but when all independent variables were entered in the fully adjusted model, only cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with psychological difficulties. School clusters were included as random effects and all models were controlled for sex, socioeconomic status and birthplace (domestic or foreign). Conclusions: There was a small but significant inverse association between higher cardiorespiratory fitness and lower levels of psychological difficulties in Norwegian adolescents. The results suggest that muscular strength is not associated with psychological difficulties in adolescents, when controlling for cardiorespiratory fitness. Future research on how exercise affects mental health outcomes should investigate whether there is a greater effect for those who improve their cardiorespiratory fitness, compared to those who improve other components of fitness.

scholarly journals The association between physical fitness and mental health in Norwegian adolescents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Åvitsland ◽  
Eva Leibinger ◽  
Tommy Haugen ◽  
Øystein Lerum ◽  
Runar Barstad Solberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Psychological Difficulties

Abstract Background: Studies indicate that health-related components of physical fitness are associated with mental health outcomes. However, research is scarce concerning this relationship in young adolescents in general and non-existent in Norwegian populations specifically. The aim of the study was to examine whether body composition, muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness were associated with self-reported mental health in Norwegian adolescents. Methods: Adolescents from four regions of Norway (n = 1486; mean age = 13.9; girls = 50.6%) participated. Self-reported mental health (psychological difficulties) was measured by completing the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed with an intermittent running test; muscular strength was assessed by measuring handgrip strength, standing broad jump and sit-ups; and body composition was assessed by calculating body mass index from weight and height. Linear mixed effects models were conducted to assess the associations between the health-related components of physical fitness and psychological difficulties. School clusters were included as random effects and all models were controlled for sex, socioeconomic status and birthplace (domestic or foreign). Results: Body composition was not associated with psychological difficulties. Muscular strength was independently associated with psychological difficulties, but when all independent variables were entered in the fully adjusted model, only cardiorespiratory fitness was associated with psychological difficulties. Conclusions: There was a small but significant inverse association between cardiorespiratory fitness and levels of psychological difficulties in Norwegian adolescents. The results suggest that muscular strength is not associated with psychological difficulties in adolescents, when controlling for cardiorespiratory fitness. Future research should focus on the prospective association between physical fitness components and mental health outcomes in adolescents.

scholarly journals A Review of the Promotion of Fitness Measures and Health Outcomes in Youth

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave Stodden ◽  
Ryan Sacko ◽  
Danielle Nesbitt
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Fitness Measures ◽  
Fitness And Health ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between physical fitness and health in adults is well established, yet until recently, empirical support for the impact of physical fitness levels on health markers in children has not been thoroughly documented. The aim of this review was to provide a summary of current literature that has examined the linkage between measures of health-related physical fitness (ie, cardiorespiratory fitness, musculoskeletal fitness, flexibility, and body composition) and health markers in youth. Specifically, this review focused on the findings from the recent 2012 Institutes of Medicine report on Fitness Measures in Youth as well as other subsequent review articles related to the topic. In addition, recommendations for health-related fitness assessments in youth populations are presented.

scholarly journals Objectively Measured Weekly Physical Activity among Adolescent Boys and its Relation to Health-Related Physical Fitness

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (91) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edita Maciulevičienė ◽  
Rita Sadzevičienė ◽  
Renata Rutkauskaitė
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Endurance Test ◽  
Weekly Physical Activity ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Objectively Measured

Research background and hypothesis. The objective methods of measuring physical activity (PA) are used more and more widely in various types of research. However, in Lithuania there is a lack of such studies with adolescents. Thus, we conducted a pilot study to objectively measure boys’ PA and to develop a more accurate PA assessment methodology in Lithuania. The purpose of this study was to analyse the objectively measured adolescent boys’ weekly physical activity and its relation to their body composition and physical fitness.Research  methods.  The  participants  of  this  study  were  104  healthy  adolescent  boys.  Physical  activity  of schoolboys was measured using actigraphs (Tri-axis ActiTrainer Activity Monitors). The level of the intensity of physical activity was determined by calculating energy consumption in MET’s. Low PA (LPA) equals up to 3 MET’s, moderate PA (MPA) – 3–6 MET’s, and vigorous PA (VPA) – 8 or more METs. Based on the frequency of VPA and MPA per week, the participants of this study were divided into physical activity groups. For health-related physical fitness  assessment  the  following  tests  were  used:  body  composition  (using TANITA  Body Analyser, TBF-300); flexibility (sit and reach test, Eurofitas, 2002), power (vertical jump was measured using a jump parameter gauge (SBM-1), muscular strength and endurance (modified push-up test (Suni et al., 1994)). Research results. All of the schoolboys demonstrated LPA on each day of the assessment. MPA on each day was experienced by 59.6% of the boys. No participants achieved VPA . The most frequent MPA and VPA were observed 5–7 and 1–3 days per week, respectively. Results of body composition indicated that boys experiencing VPA had lower body fat mass compared to those who experienced only MPA and LPA (p < 0.05). Analysis of physical fitness results indicated that boys who experienced VPA were better muscular in strength and endurance test (p < 0.05), but results of high jump and sit and reach test were not significantly different. Discussion and conclusion. Boys who experienced VPA at least for 3 days/week demonstrated better muscular strength and endurance results and had lower body fat content (%) (p < 0.05). For boys who did not experience MPA at least for 6 days/week, the total amount of weekly physical activity decreased and they could not produce better results in strength and endurance test (p < 0.05). Better results of boys’ muscular strength and endurance were  significantly related to their body lower BMI (r = 0.279; p < 0.05) and fat mass (r = 0.387; p < 0.01). Objectively Measured Weekly Physical  Activity among Adolescent Boys and its  Relation to Health-Related Physical FitnessKeywords: physical activity, MET’s, actigraphs.

scholarly journals Association between Health-Related Physical Fitness and Self-Rated Risk of Depression in Adolescents: Dados Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4316
Author(s):  
Carlos Bou-Sospedra ◽  
Mireia Adelantado-Renau ◽  
Maria Reyes Beltran-Valls ◽  
Diego Moliner-Urdiales
Keyword(s):  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Fitness And Health ◽  
The Relationship

Depression is the most common mental disorder, affecting around 5% of adolescents. Physical fitness is considered a powerful marker of physical and mental health. The scientific results on the relationship between physical fitness and depression in the adolescent population are mixed. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to analyse the association between objectively assessed physical fitness and self-rated risk of depression in a group of adolescents. A total of 225 participants (44% girls), aged 13.9 ± 0.3 years, from the Deporte, ADOlescencia y Salud (DADOS) study were included in the analyses. Field-based Assessing Levels of Physical fitness and Health in Adolescents (ALPHA) health-related fitness test battery was used to objectively assess physical fitness components. The Behavior Assessment System for Children (BASC) level 3 was used to evaluate self-rated risk of depression. Our results showed that self-rated risk of depression was inversely associated with cardiorespiratory fitness (β = −0.172), as well as positively associated with body mass index (β = 0.146) and waist circumference (β = 0.137) (all p < 0.05). Adolescents with low levels of cardiorespiratory fitness had significantly higher odds of self-rated risk of depression (OR = 7.17; 95% CI, 1.51–33.95). These findings suggest that health-related physical fitness, particularly cardiorespiratory fitness and body composition, is associated with depression in adolescents.

Feasibility and Reliability of Tests Measuring Health-Related Physical Fitness in Children With Moderate to Severe Levels of Intellectual Disability

2017 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 422-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke Wouters ◽  
Anna M. van der Zanden ◽  
Heleen M. Evenhuis ◽  
Thessa I. M. Hilgenkamp
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
6 Minute Walk Test

Abstract Physical fitness is an important marker for health. In this study we investigated the feasibility and reliability of health-related physical fitness tests in children with moderate to severe levels of intellectual disability. Thirty-nine children (2–18 yrs) performed tests for muscular strength and endurance, the modified 6-minute walk test (6mwt) for cardiorespiratory fitness, and body composition tests, and 30–97% of the tests were successfully completed. Short-term test-retest reliability of all tests was good (Intraclass Correlation Coefficient [ICC] &gt; .8), long-term test-retest reliability was good for most tests (ICC &gt; .7), but low ICCs were found for most strength tests. Measuring body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness is feasible and reliable. Measuring muscle endurance is fairly feasible and reliable.

Encouraging physical fitness in Brazilian adolescents with excess weight: can they outperform their eutrophic peers in some activities?

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovana Chekin Portella ◽  
Daniel Leite Portella ◽  
José de Oliveira Siqueira ◽  
Leandro Ryuchi Iuamoto ◽  
Beatriz Helena Tess
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Lower Body ◽  
Mass Percentage ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Fitness Tests ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background There is the need to encourage physical activity (PA) among adolescents with overweight or obesity. Objectives The present study aimed to assess the relationship between health-related physical fitness (PF) and nutritional status, and to identify those activities more suited to adolescents with excess weight. Methods This cross-sectional study included 3,062 in-school adolescents, aged 10–18 years. We collected information on sex, age, weight, height, skinfold thickness, trunk height and leg length, and calculated body mass index (BMI) z-score, fat mass percentage, and peak height velocity (PHV). Participants were tested for PF by the 20-m shuttle run test (cardiorespiratory fitness); medicine ball throw and standing long jump tests (musculoskeletal fitness) and sit and reach test (flexibility). We used generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) to analyze the relationship between nutritional status and performance in the fitness tests, controlled for maturity offset and fat mass percentage. Results 1,563 (51%) were boys, mean age 12.6 years (±1.8), 22.8% were overweight and 12.5% had obesity. In both sexes, adolescents with obesity did better in the upper body strength test than their eutrophic peers. Boys with obesity had worse cardiorespiratory fitness and lower body muscular strength than eutrophic boys. Girls with obesity had similar cardiorespiratory fitness and better lower body strength than eutrophic girls. Conclusion In muscular strength fitness tests, adolescents with obesity performed similarly to, or better than, their eutrophic peers. Motivation to maintain regular PA is reinforced by positive experiences. Interventions that emphasize muscular strength PF should be developed for adolescents with obesity.

Exercise Effects on Health-Related Physical Fitness of Individuals with an Intellectual Disability: A Meta-Analysis

1998 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelos K. Chanias ◽  
Greg Reid ◽  
Michael L. Hoover
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Cardiovascular Endurance ◽  
Program Type ◽  
Improve Body Composition ◽  
Health Related

A meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effects of exercise on health-related physical fitness of individuals with an intellectual disability. The data came from 21 individual studies yielding 100 effect sizes (ESs). Large effects were demonstrated for muscular and cardiovascular endurance, moderate for muscular strength, and small for flexibility. No significant effects were found for body composition. Document source and program length influenced muscular and cardiovascular endurance outcomes, as published studies and longer programs produced larger ESs. In addition, program type influenced muscular strength (resistance programs produced larger ESs than combined programs), and program frequency influenced flexibility (higher frequency programs had larger ESs than lower frequency programs). It was concluded that additional research is needed to investigate means to improve body composition, flexibility, and muscular strength. Future studies should upgrade their standards for reporting appropriate statistical information and information related to sample and exercise prescription components.

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