scholarly journals Protocol for a retrospective cohort study for evaluating the early antibiotics use in non-severe COVID-19 patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxv Yin ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Xing Xu ◽  
Lei Huang ◽  
Ping Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cohort Design ◽  
Antibiotics Use ◽  
Adequate Evaluation ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Severe Type

Abstract The use of antibiotics is common in the treatment of COVID-19, but adequate evaluation is lacking. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of antibiotic use in non-severe COVID-19 patients, particularly in patients admitted with low risk of bacterial infection. This is a multi-center retrospective cohort study. Patients are screened strictly according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria and are divided into two groups based on antibiotics exposure. The exposure is defined as the treatment of antibiotics prescribed within 48 hours after admission, with a course of treatment≥3 days; and patients in this group are classified as early antibiotic use group. Otherwise, patients are classified as the non early antibiotic use group. The primary end point of the study is progressing from non-severe type COVID-19 into severe type. This is the first protocol to put a focus on the transformation of the severity of the disease, based on a multi-center retrospective cohort design.

scholarly journals Protocol for a retrospective cohort study for evaluating the early antibiotics use in non-severe COVID-19 patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxv Yin ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Xing Xu ◽  
Lei Huang ◽  
Ping Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Cohort Design ◽  
Antibiotics Use ◽  
Adequate Evaluation ◽  
Severity Of The Disease ◽  
Severe Type

Abstract The use of antibiotics is common in the treatment of COVID-19, but adequate evaluation is lacking. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of antibiotic use in non-severe COVID-19 patients, particularly in patients admitted with low risk of bacterial infection. This is a multi-center retrospective cohort study. Patients are screened strictly according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria and are divided into two groups based on antibiotics exposure. The exposure is defined as the treatment of antibiotics prescribed within 48 hours after admission, with a course of treatment≥3 days; and patients in this group are classified as early antibiotic use group. Otherwise, patients are classified as the non early antibiotic use group. The primary end point of the study is progressing from non-severe type COVID-19 into severe type. This is the first protocol to put a focus on the transformation of the severity of the disease, based on a multi-center retrospective cohort design.

scholarly journals Comparison of two methods to estimate adverse events in the IBEAS Study (Ibero-American study of adverse events): cross-sectional versus retrospective cohort design

BMJ Open ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. e016546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesus Maria Aranaz Andrés ◽  
Ramon Limón Ramírez ◽  
Carlos Aibar Remón ◽  
Maria Teresa Gea-Velázquez de Castro ◽  
Francisco Bolúmar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hospital Size ◽  
Cohort Design ◽  
Cohort Study Design

BackgroundAdverse events (AEs) epidemiology is the first step to improve practice in the healthcare system. Usually, the preferred method used to estimate the magnitude of the problem is the retrospective cohort study design, with retrospective reviews of the medical records. However this data collection involves a sophisticated sampling plan, and a process of intensive review of sometimes very heavy and complex medical records. Cross-sectional survey is also a valid and feasible methodology to study AEs.ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to compare AEs detection using two different methodologies: cross-sectional versus retrospective cohort design.SettingSecondary and tertiary hospitals in five countries: Argentina, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico and Peru.ParticipantsThe IBEAS Study is a cross-sectional survey with a sample size of 11 379 patients. The retrospective cohort study was obtained from a 10% random sample proportional to hospital size from the entire IBEAS Study population.MethodsThis study compares the 1-day prevalence of the AEs obtained in the IBEAS Study with the incidence obtained through the retrospective cohort study.ResultsThe prevalence of patients with AEs was 10.47% (95% CI 9.90 to 11.03) (1191/11 379), while the cumulative incidence of the retrospective cohort study was 19.76% (95% CI 17.35% to 22.17%) (215/1088). In both studies the highest risk of suffering AEs was seen in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients. Comorbid patients and patients with medical devices showed higher risk.ConclusionThe retrospective cohort design, although requires more resources, allows to detect more AEs than the cross-sectional design.

scholarly journals Empiric Antibiotic Use and Susceptibility in Infants With Bacterial Infections: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 427-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elana A. Feldman ◽  
Russell J. McCulloh ◽  
Angela L. Myers ◽  
Paul L. Aronson ◽  
Mark I. Neuman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Empiric Antibiotic

scholarly journals Evaluation of early antibiotics use in non-severe COVID-19 patients admitted with low risk of bacterial infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxv Yin ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Xing Xu ◽  
Lei Huang ◽  
Ping Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Secondary Infection ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Rate Analysis ◽  
Effect Model ◽  
Antibiotics Use ◽  
Adequate Evaluation ◽  
Severe Type

Abstract The use of antibiotics is common in the treatment of COVID-19, but adequate evaluation is lacking. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of early antibiotic use in non-severe COVID-19 patients admitted with low risk of bacterial infection. The multi-center retrospective cohort study included 1613 non-severe COVID-19 inpatients admitted with low risk of bacterial infection. During the follow-up of 30 days, the proportion of patients progressed into severe type COVID-19 in the early antibiotics use group was almost 1.5 times than that of the comparision group. In the mixed-effect model, the early use of antibiotics was associated with higher probability of developing severe type, staying in the hospital for over 15 days, and secondary infection. However, it was not significant association with mortality rate. Analysis with propensity score-matched cohort displayed similar results. It is suggested that antibiotic use should be avoided unless absolutely necessary in non-severe COVID-19 patients, particularly in the early stages.

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