Swim Bladder of Farmed Totoaba macdonaldi: A Source of Value-Added Collagen
Abstract PurposeFinding strategies to use swim bladder of farmed totoaba (Totoaba macdonaldi) is of utmost need to reduce waste. Fish swim bladders are rich in collagen; hence, extracting collagen is a promising alternative with benefits for aquaculture of totoaba and the environment.MethodsThe elemental biochemical composition of totoaba swim bladders, including proximate composition and amino acid composition were determined. Acid-enzyme solubilisation (PSC) was used to extract collagen from swim bladders and its characteristics were analyzed. The alcalase and papain were used for the preparation of collagen hydrolysates.ResultsSwim bladders contained 95% protein, 2.4% fat, and 0.8% ash (dry basis). The essential amino acids content was low, but the functional amino acids content was high. The PSC yield was high, 68% (dry weight). The amino acid composition profile, electrophoretic pattern, and structural integrity analyses of the isolated collagen suggested it is typical type-I collagen with high purity. The denaturalization temperature was 34.5 °C, probably attributable to the imino acid content (205 residues/1000 residues). Papain-hydrolysates (<3 kDa) of this collagen exhibited higher radical scavenging activity than Alcalase-hydrolysates.ConclusionsSwim bladder from farmed totoaba is an ideal raw material for producing high-quality type-I collagen and a viable alternative to conventional collagen sources.Statement of NoveltyTo our knowledge, this paper is the first to examine the composition and characteristics of collagen of swim bladder from Totoaba macdonaldi. Although the processing currently wastes bladders, this study showed that they could be a potential source for producing high-quality type-I collagen.