scholarly journals How Do Self-Examination Interventions For The Early Detection of Cancer Work? An Umbrella Review Protocol.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niall Mc Goldrick ◽  
Heather Cassie ◽  
Linda Young ◽  
Scott McGregor ◽  
David I Conway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Early Detection Of Cancer ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Umbrella Review ◽  
Behaviour Change Technique ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Self Examination

Abstract Background: Cancer is a major contributor to mortality and morbidity globally. A key prognostic factor for many cancers is early detection. Self-examination is often promoted as a method to detect cancer early for cancers that have early physical signs and symptoms. The type(s) of interventions capable of delivering behaviour change such as self-examination are complex with their description historically lacking. This umbrella review protocol sets out the methodology for summarising the evidence surrounding self-examination for four major cancers; breast, testicular, oral and skin. The review aims to answer the following question: What are the components of self-examination programmes for early detection of cancer and are they effective in bringing about actions that could lead to early detection of cancer in post pubescent people. Methods: The methodology has been informed by the PRISMA-P checklist for systematic reviews and the JBI methodology for umbrella reviews. Narrative synthesis will include detail on effectiveness of interventions alongside coding of intervention components using Intervention Taxonomy and the Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy Version 1. AMSTAR-2 will be used to assess quality of included studies. Discussion: The review will provide a summary of the existing evidence with descriptions of interventions whilst identifying gaps for future research in this area.Registration: Prospero: CRD42021285966

scholarly journals Implementation of Early Detection Services for Cancer in India During COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 107327482096047
Author(s):  
Divya Khanna ◽  
Naveen Chandrahas Khargekar ◽  
Ajay Kumar Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Early Detection Of Cancer ◽  
Oral Cavity Cancer ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cervix Uteri ◽  
Cancer Screenings ◽  
Cancer Services ◽  
Care Workers

Early detection of cancer greatly increases the chances of better survival. The emergence of COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted several essential health services globally and early detection of cancer services is one of them. The routine cancer screenings have plummeted in many developed countries since the crisis. India has highest estimated lip and oral cavity cancer cases worldwide (119,992, 33.8%) and the secondhighest number of breast (162,468, 17.8%) and cervix uteri (96,922,30.7%) cancers in Asian sub-continent. Not only India has high burden of cancer, but the majority (75-80%) of patients have advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. Hence is it imperative that early detection services should be kept functional at out-patient settings so that at least the patients coming to hospitals with early signs and symptoms can be diagnosed as early as possible. Strategies need to be adopted to continue early detection services and ensure safety of patients and health care workers from COVID-19 transmission.

scholarly journals Upaya Meningkatkan Deteksi Dini Kanker Payudara di SMKN 1 Cijulang Kabupaten Pangandaran

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-170
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hasan Bashari ◽  
Hermin Aminah Usman ◽  
Dika Widia Nur Azizah ◽  
Defi Ardia Pramesti ◽  
Arima Kurnia Sari Dewi Nurcahyani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
High School ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Vocational High School ◽  
Adolescent Women ◽  
Self Examination

EFFORTS TO IMPROVE EARLY DETECTION OF BREAST CANCER IN CIJULANG 1 VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL, PANGANDARAN REGENCY. The high mortality rate of breast cancer (BC) patients in Indonesia is associated with conditions of most patients come to doctor in an advanced stage of BC. This is due to the low BC awareness of Indonesian women. This community service program (PPM) is intended to increase knowledge of adolescent women about early detection of BC. This action was conducted by BC awareness workshop to 114 female students of Vocational High School (SMK) 1 Cijulang, Pangandaran district, West Java. The profile of participants showed that 64% of participants are 17 years old and mostly from Cijulang and Cimerak sub-districts. In addition, the majority of participants were not aware of BC, indicated by lack of knowledge of BC signs and symptoms (97%), and low confident of doing breast self-examination (BSE) (30%). Moreover, there were 7% of the participants were smoking which is known to be one of the major risk factors for BC. These findings point out conducting a program for increasing BC awareness among students. The program was managed by mini-lecture that focuses on BC risk factors, BC early detection and BSE (SADARI) using videos and simulation on a mannequin. This program was expected to have an impact on their families, indirectly. Ultimately, this will increase the finding of new cases of BC which will increase their life expectancy.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review of Digital Behaviour Change Interventions for More Sustainable Food Consumption

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Hedin ◽  
Cecilia Katzeff ◽  
Elina Eriksson ◽  
Daniel Pargman
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Behaviour Change Technique ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Behaviour Change Interventions ◽  
Change Technique ◽  
Digital Interventions ◽  
Consumption Practices

Food production and consumption present major sustainability challenges, and finding ways to reduce the environmental impact of food, for example through behavioural changes by consumers, is becoming increasingly important. In recent years, digital interventions have become important tools to change behaviours in many areas. In this review, we evaluate the status of current scientific knowledge of digital behaviour change interventions for sustainable food consumption practices. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist for how to conduct systematic reviews, we searched multiple databases for papers containing terms related to food, sustainability and digital behaviour change interventions. Only studies where the digital interventions were actually implemented and evaluated from a behaviour change perspective were included, resulting in 15 primary studies in the final review. The quality of the studies was evaluated from a behaviour change perspective, and the approaches used were categorised using two intervention frameworks, the Behaviour Change Wheel and the Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy v1. The results show that all of the included studies had major quality issues when evaluated from a behaviour change perspective. This means that we could not find any evidence regarding whether the digital behaviour change interventions examined worked or not. Most studies further lacked theoretical grounding or a clear approach to how or why they should be effective for behaviour change for more sustainable food consumption practices. Our main recommendation for future research in the field is to expand from the current exploratory phase to conducting scientifically rigorous studies of higher quality, more thoroughly grounded in behaviour change theory and methods. Furthermore, based on our study, we suggest changes to the Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy v1.

Anti-malignin Antibody Evaluation: A Possible Challenge for Cancer Management

1997 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 141-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Botti ◽  
A. Martinetti ◽  
S. Nerini-Molteni ◽  
L. Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Detection Of Cancer ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Cancer Management ◽  
Invasive Test ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms

The major problem in the management of cancer is the difficulty of an early diagnosis. Clinical signs and symptoms generally appear late in the course of the disease. The availability of a non-invasive test which detects a blood molecule closely associated with the malignant transformation of the cells could be of help in the early detection of cancer. Malignin is a 10 kDa polypeptide located in the cytoplasmic and outer membranes of all malignant cells. Anti-malignin antibodies (AMAs) are IgM immunoglobulins spontaneously produced by the host against the oncoprotein malignin when neoplastic transformation occurs; since AMAs are IgM, they can represent an “early” transformation indicator useful for the early detection of cancer. Elevated AMA serum concentrations, measured by means of TARGET®@ reagent, have been demonstrated inpatients with a wide spectrum of non-terminal active cancers, regardless of the anatomical site and histotype of the tumor. The AMA test showed a sensitivity and specificity of 95% on first determination and >99% on repeated determinations, and has been reported to be a promising diagnostic tool for the early detection of cancer, as well as for monitoring of the response to treatment and possibly for screening of an asymptomatic population.

scholarly journals Awareness of Testicular Cancer and Testicular Self-Examination among Men in Bahrain

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-263
Author(s):  
Maryam Alaradi ◽  
Ayman Almuqamam
Keyword(s):  
Early Detection ◽  
Testicular Cancer ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Self Examination

Introduction: Although testicular cancer (TC) is a rare tumor accounting for 1% of malignancies in men, it is the most common cancer found in adolescents and young men between 15 to 35 years old. Routine screening for TC is not recommended. Therefore, testicular self-examination (TSE) is an important tool for the early detection of TC. If detected early, TC has a high survival rate. Increasing awareness of TC and TSE is crucial for early detection, diagnosis, and treatment. We aimed to assess the level of awareness of TC and TSE among men in Bahrain. Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to recruit a convenience sample of 243 men from public places using a questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square test were conducted.Results: The results showed that 43% were Bahraini, 53% were aware that men can get TC, 82% perceived themselves as having a low risk for developing TC, 15% knew signs of TC, 20% heard about TSE, and 5.8% reported performing TSE. A significant association between knowledge of early signs and symptoms of TC and nationality (p = .006), perception of the importance of performing TSE regularly and nationality (p = .003), and between age (p = .013), level of education (p = .015) and the willingness to perform TSE if the participant was educated about TSE.Conclusion: Awareness about TC and TSE is poor among men in Bahrain. Policymakers in the Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health may consider integrating TC and TSE education in the curriculum and the healthcare provided to adolescents and young men across the kingdom.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Breast Self-Examination Amongst Indian Women: A Pan-India Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-147
Author(s):  
Shubhangini Sachdeva ◽  
Sridhar Mangalesh ◽  
Sharmila Dudani
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Indian Women ◽  
Breast Self Examination ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Self Examination ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Objective: Breast Cancer is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity amongst Indian females. Breast self-examination (BSE) as an early detection modularity can have a profound effect on lowering mortality, if it is practiced regularly. The aim of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of Breast Self-examination amongst Indian women, aged 30 years and above. Methods: A validated questionnaire, consisting 35 questions measuring ‘Knowledge, Attitudes and Practice of Breast Self-Examination’ was widely circulated amongst 1000 females throughout India and responses were collected for a duration of 3 weeks, from 2nd, September 2020 to 23rd,September 2020. Results: Despite having knowledge about the technique of performing BSE, the respondents did not have a positive attitude towards it and were reluctant to practice BSE. A total of 54.4%, 15.1%, 21.3% and 9.2% of respondents were from the Northern, Southern, Western and Eastern regions of India, respectively. The overall median (IQR) KAP score was 70.0 (16.0) out of a maximum of 110. The knowledge, attitude and practice domain scores were 22.0 (5.0), 36.0 (7.0), and 13.0 (8.0) out of a maximum of 30, 52 and, 28, respectively. All three individual score domains were significantly correlated with each other and the total score.Conclusion: Despite having knowledge about the technique of performing BSE, the respondents did not have a positive attitude towards it and were reluctant to practice BSE. 

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