Selection of Urethral Orifice Location for Hypospadias with Prostatic Cyst Undergoing Urethroplasty

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Lu ◽  
Junjie Cen ◽  
Wenwei Wang ◽  
Hongwei Zhao ◽  
Pengju Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vas Deferens ◽  
Corpus Cavernosum ◽  
External Orifice ◽  
Urethral Orifice ◽  
Group A ◽  
Bladder Fistula ◽  
Group B ◽  
Hypospadias Surgery ◽  
Prostatic Cyst ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To explore whether opening the external urethral orifice in the coronal sulcus can reduce the incidence of epididymitis after operating on hypospadias with a prostatic cyst connected to the vas deferens.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three patients (group A) (average age = 3.3 years old) with severe hypospadias and prostatic cyst underwent cystostomy, hypospadias correction and urethroplasty, along with relocation of the external orifice of urethra. Group B consisted of 4 patients (average age = 6.9 years old) presenting with epididymitis after hypospadias surgery and Unsuccessful conservative treatment. Patients underwent urethral dilatation along with urethral catheterization, cutting of the original corpus cavernosum that encapsulated the urethra, and extension of the position of the external urethral orifice to the coronal sulcus. RESULTS: In group A, 3 children underwent bladder fistula removal 2 weeks after operation. All patients were followed up for 5-7 years. The vulva developed normally without any complications. Four children in group B underwent stent removal 12 weeks after operation, and one patient was still stenosed and dilated again. All patients were followed up for 2-12 years without epididymitis recurrence. Penile erection and ejaculation were normal in adulthood. CONCLUSION: For hypospadias patients experiencing complications due to the presence of a prostatic sac, especially those with prostatic sac connected to the vas deferens, the positioning of the external urethral orifice in the coronary sulcus would be helpful to reduce the occurrence of epididymitis.

scholarly journals Importance of initial fracture crack width in minimally dislocated fractures of humeral lateral condyle in children for evaluation of fracture stability and treatment choice

2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
Zoran Rakonjac ◽  
Radivoj Brdar
Keyword(s):  
Crack Width ◽  
Lateral Condyle ◽  
Intraarticular Fracture ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Fracture Crack ◽  
Choice Of Treatment ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Fracture Stability ◽  
Selection Of

Introduction. The fracture of the external condyle is the most common fracture of the distal end of the humerus. This is an intraarticular fracture, which, if not properly treated, can cause serious complications, difficult to treat. Objective. To define the importance of the initial width of the fracture crack for the evaluation of stability of the minimally dislocated fractures of the humeral lateral condyle and for the selection of the method of treatment. Methods. The target group included the children with minimally dislocated fractures or fractures of uncertain stability. The number of children was 35. On the grounds of the initial width of the fracture crack, two groups were formed. Group A comprised 25 (71.4%) examinees with the initial width 2-2.9 mm. Group B comprised 10 (28.6%) examinees with the initial width 3-3.9 mm. Measuring was performed on the PA and profile radiographies. A higher value was taken for analysis. The control of fracture crack width was done by systematic radiographies in the following time intervals: the first, third, seventh and the fourteenth day in group A, and the first and third day (1B and 3B) in group B, since the fracture occurrence. Results. The analysis of the results in group A showed the following: the enlargement of dislocation between 1-3 days was significant (p<0.05). Between 3-7 and 7-14 days, there was no significant enlargement of dislocation (p>0.05). Fractures were stable and treated nonsurgically. In group B, the enlargement of dislocation was significant until the third day (p<0.05). These fractures were unstable, there was a great risk for secondary dislocations and they were to be duly fixed. Initial widths of these groups varied significantly (p<0.05). Conclusion. The initial width of the fracture crack is important for the evaluation of the fracture stability, the evaluation of the risk for the creation of secondary dislocations and for the choice of treatment. The upper limit of the fracture crack width which influenced the selection of the method of treatment was 2.5 mm.

scholarly journals Antibiotic usage rates in bacterial versus nonbacterial diseases: a new way to monitor hospital-acquired infections in children: a retrospective case analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 2176
Author(s):  
Jayendra R. Gohil ◽  
Chintu C. Chaudary ◽  
Sheena D. Sivanandan
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Usage ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Hospital Acquired Infections ◽  
Group A ◽  
Added Benefit ◽  
Reduction Of Mortality ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Selection Of

Background: While treating children, the selection of antibiotics, when indicated, should be from the point of its effectiveness, safety, suitability, and cost. However, this flow of action does not take place in all cases. Aim of the study was to assess the antibiotic usage in admitted children and mortality.Methods: The case records between January to July 2012 in children wards was evaluated for the use of antibiotics. Patients were grouped into; group A- ‘must use' antibiotic in all, and group B- where antibiotics are not indicated.Results: There were 1852 admissions, including 719 Thalassemia cases. Antibiotic usage was 63% in 1133 cases after excluding thalassemia. Out of 1133 cases, 423 were in group A and 710 cases were in group B. In group B the antibiotic usage was 41%. The mortality was 6.6% and 4.8% in group A and B. Inside group B, mortality was 5.9% versus 4.0% in those administered versus not administered, antibiotics.Conclusions: There was no increase in mortality in patients in whom antibiotics were not prescribed, and no added benefit of prescribing antibiotics was observed in nonbacterial group B disease patients. The mortality was similar in both the groups. In nonbacterial group B, the antibiotics did not offer any advantage in the reduction of mortality, but increased the cost of the treatment, and possibly the chance of development of drug resistance and adverse events. When analysing the hospital antibiotic usage, only the nonbacterial diseases should be considered to get a true picture of the inappropriate prescription of antibiotics.

Selection of the optimal first ear for sequential bilateral cochlear implantation in children

2021 ◽  
pp. 014556132110640
Author(s):  
Hantai Kim ◽  
Jungho Ha ◽  
Eun Sol Gil ◽  
Jeong Hun Jang ◽  
Hun Yi Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Monosyllabic Word ◽  
Intelligibility Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Group B ◽  
Selection Of

Objectives When there is a difference in hearing on both ears, where to perform the first cochlear implantation (CI) becomes an important issue. The purpose of the study was to evaluate which ear should be chosen for the first implantation in sequential bilateral CI with a long inter-implant period. Methods The study population consisted of 34 severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss pediatrics with the inter-implant period of ≥3 years between the first CI (CI-1) and the second CI (CI-2) before the age of 19 (mean of inter-implant period: 7.1-year). The patients were classified into Group A (CI-1 was performed on the ear with better hearing), Group B (CI-1 on the ear with worse hearing), or Group C (symmetrical hearing in both ears). Speech intelligibility test results were compared between the groups. Results The monosyllabic word scores of CI-1 were excellent in Groups A (91.7±7.9%) and B (92.5±3.6%) but slightly lower in Group C (85.7±14.9%) before the second implantation ( P = .487). At 3 years after the second implantation, all groups demonstrated excellent scores in the bilateral CI condition (95.9±3.0% in Group A; 99.1±.8% in Group B; 97.5±2.9% in Group C, P = .600). However, when the patients were tested in using CI-2 only in Groups A and B after using bilateral CI for 3 years, the scores were inconsistent in Group A (79.6±23.9%; range: 22.2-94.4%), while those were higher and more constant in Group B (92.9±4.8%; 86.8-100.0%). Conclusions The first CI is strongly recommended to perform on a worse hearing ear if they had different hearing levels between ears. Even with the first CI on a worse hearing ear, its performance never deteriorates. In addition, if they receive the second CI several years later, it will be likely that the second one functions better.

Abrasion Resistance of Stereoregular Butadiene Rubber Treads as a Function of Tire Operating Conditions

1968 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-691
Author(s):  
V. F. Evstratov ◽  
G. N. Buiko ◽  
N. L. Sakhuovskii ◽  
N. M. Arenzon ◽  
A. I. Karmanova
Keyword(s):  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Automobile Tires

Abstract In operating tires on Group A roads, the abrasion resistance of SKD/SBR and SKD/NR blends is substantially higher than that of SKS-30 ARKM-15. The abrasion index of butadiene rubbers increases with the severity of the test conditions, as in operating on mountain roads, with partial braking and acceleration. In operating tires on Group B and V roads (for example, in quarries), the abrasion index of SKD rubbers, particularly those with high SKD content, decreases considerably as a result of increased chipping and cutting of the tread pattern. In summer, the superiority of BR rubbers over SKS-30 ARKM-15 in abrasion resistance is less apparent than in winter. This is particularly characteristic for SKD/NR blends. For automobile tires of different types and sizes, the selection of composition and properties of treads in which SKD is used should be carried out in such a way as to take into account operating conditions.

scholarly journals Comparison of Dartos flap and spongioplasty in Snodgrass urethroplasty in distal penile hypospadias

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. e000294
Author(s):  
Anju Verma ◽  
Shahid Murtaza ◽  
Vijay Kumar Kundal ◽  
Amita Sen ◽  
Divya Gali
Keyword(s):  
Urethrocutaneous Fistula ◽  
Meatal Stenosis ◽  
Tubularized Incised Plate ◽  
Group A ◽  
Dartos Flap ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Good Cosmesis ◽  
Hypospadias Surgery ◽  
Single Technique

BackgroundHypospadias surgery has been continuously evolving, although there is no single technique which can be said to be perfect and suitable for all types of hypospadias. Tubularized incised plate (TIP) urethroplasty (Snodgrass procedure) is presently the most common surgical procedure performed for distal penile hypospadias (DPH). The aim of this study was to compare the outcome of TIP urethroplasty using Dartos flap (DF) and spongioplasty as second layer in DPH.MethodsA total of 30 patients of DPH were repaired using TIP urethroplasty with DF or spongioplasty as second layer from January 2017 to June 2018. Out of 30 patients, TIP with DF was done in 15 patients (group A) and TIP with spongioplasty was done in the remaining 15 patients (group B). Preoperative mean age and weight were comparable in both groups. Postoperative complications, namely, postoperative edema, residual chordee, urethrocutaneous fistula (UCF), meatal stenosis and final cosmesis, were recorded.ResultsIn both groups, complications included postoperative edema (Gp A-1Gp B-1), residual chordee (Gp A-1, Gp B-1), UCF (Gp A-3, Gp B-4), meatal stenosis (Gp A-1, Gp B-5) and poor cosmesis (Gp A-3, Gp B-4). Wound infection was managed with appropriate antibiotics, and meatal stenosis responded to calibration in five patients.Although it seems that DF has a better outcome clinically, the difference between the two techniques was statistically not significant.ConclusionDF as an additional cover to TIP is associated with an acceptable complication and has good cosmesis compared with spongioplasty; however, the difference is not statistically significant.

scholarly journals Genetic breeding on the bee Melipona scutellaris (Apidae, Meliponinae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
José de Ribamar Silva Barros
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Method ◽  
Intermediate Group ◽  
Data Production ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Entire Experiment ◽  
Production Group ◽  
Group B ◽  
Selection Of

A selection of queens of Melipona scutellaris through the most productive colonies were carried out during eight months in an orange honeyflow. Each of the colonies was evaluated by its production, that is, the gross weight production ( pollen, brood, geopropolis and wax of each hive). With this data a coefficient of repeatability was estimated by the intraclass correlation method, obtained r = 0.835 ± 0.071. The repeatibility is very high showing that the analysed data (production) is repeatable. Selection was then carried out using the regression coefficient of each colony and the respective production gain. Using these data the colonies were divided into three groups according to the method Vencovsky and Kerr (1982): a with the colonies of highest productivity, b of least productivity, and c of intermediary productivity. Colonies with the highest production (Group a) gave their queens to those of the lowest production (Group b) after their queens were taken out and killed; while those of intermediate (Group c) stayed with the same queens during the entire experiment both before and after the selection. The modifications in weight, that is, the genetic response was (R)= 7.98 gr per day which indicated a selection gain. The estimate of the realized herdability is twice the rate of the response to selection (R) by the selection differential (S2). That is then h²R=2(R/S2) then h²R= 0.166

scholarly journals Preputial Dartos Reinforced Snodgrass Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasties in Distal Hypospadias to Prevent Urethrocutaneous Fistula

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Md Shah Alam Talukder ◽  
Debesh Ch Talukder ◽  
Md Abdullah Al Mahmud ◽  
Mohammed Showkot Ali ◽  
Nadiuzzaman Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urethrocutaneous Fistula ◽  
Cutaneous Fistula ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Tubularized Incised Plate ◽  
Group A ◽  
Dartos Flap ◽  
Distal Hypospadias ◽  
Group B ◽  
Hypospadias Surgery ◽  
Fistula Prevention

Urethro cutaneous fistula( U-C fistula) is the most common complication of hypospadias surgery. It frequently needs separate surgeries for closure, which bring a great deal of physical and mental agony and monetary involvement of the patient and his family. Many efforts have been invented to prevent the u-c fistula with various degree of success. We would like to see the outcome of “Preputial Dartos Reinforced Snodgrass Tubularized Incised Plate Urethroplasties in Distal Hypospadias to Prevent Urethrocutaneous Fistula”. This interventional study was performed to see the outcome of preputial dartos reinforced Snodgrass tubularized incised plate urethroplasties in distal hypospadias specially urethrocutaneous fistula prevention. For this purpose 40 patients were selected having distal hypospadias age ranging from 6 months to 11 years admitted in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Mymensingh Medical College & Hospital during the period of January 2010 to March 2011. Out of 40 patients, 20 were in group-A (preputial dartos flap) and another 20 were included in group - B (without flap). All this patients were followed by perioperative and postoperative care. Few patients developed postoperative pyrexia, wound infection, stent blockage which were treated accordingly leaving minimum morbidity. Both groups of patients were followed up for 3 months after surgery. Present study is probably a better technique to prevent fistulaassociated morbidities in distal Snodgrass TIP urethroplasties.J. Paediatr. Surg. Bangladesh 3(1): 12-17, 2012 (January)

scholarly journals Properties of Staphylococcus lugdunensis in Children

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2110447
Author(s):  
Fumihiro Ochi ◽  
Hisamichi Tauchi ◽  
Mari Kagajo ◽  
Shinobu Murakami ◽  
Hitoshi Miyamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Unit Group ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Staphylococcus Lugdunensis ◽  
General Medical Ward ◽  
Background Data ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Selection Of

Background. Staphylococcus lugdunensis is one of the clinically important coagulase-negative staphylococci. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the microbiological features of S. lugdunensis in hospitalized children. Methods. From January 2012 to December 2019, all isolates were retrospectively screened for S. lugdunensis. Results. Twenty-five children were eligible for study. Nineteen and six children were classified into a critical care unit group (Group A) and a general medical ward group (Group B), respectively. The prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. lugdunensis was significantly higher in Group A than in Group B (68.4% vs 0%; P < .01). Eleven children (44%) had S. lugdunensis infections, while the remaining children were colonized. Six of the 11 infected children (55%) had healthcare-associated infections. Moreover, 3 isolates exhibited the methicillin resistance. Conclusions. The bacteriological characteristics of S. lugdunensis differ depending on patient background. Selection of antibiotic treatment should in part rely on patient background data.

scholarly journals A Method for Quantifying Cervical Sagittal Morphology Using the Cervical Sagittal Triangle Area Coefficient

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingjun Guo ◽  
Han Wang ◽  
Hao Liu ◽  
Beiyu Wang ◽  
Chen Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cobb Angle ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Flexion And Extension ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract Background: A series of methods, which use angle to quantitatively evaluate cervical sagittal morphology cannot objectively reflect the advantages and disadvantages in some cases. In this study, we try to use the area methods to supplement it in above cases. Methods: The Cobb angle, range of motion (ROM) of C2-7, and antero-posterior diameter of atlas (C1-APD) were measured at neutral, flexion, and extension X-ray radiographs of the cervical spine in all 191 patients. Patients were divided into Group A and Group B according to whether their cervical sagittal morphology can be objectively quantified with Cobb angle. Pearson correlation analysis was used to compare the consistency of the results, paired t-test was used to compare the dispersion coefficient, receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value.Results: The C5 vertebra was used as the vertex to construct the cervical sagittal triangle, and according to the different selection of the other two points, the triangle was further divided into four types. The Area Coefficient (AC) was defined as "B". In Group A, whose cervical sagittal morphology could be objectively quantified with Cobb angle, the AC showed greatly consistency, while in Group B, it was less consistent. AC results have stronger predictive value for clinical symptoms in Group B. The dispersion coefficients of the results measured by the four area methods are significantly smaller than the Cobb angle. The results of quantifying cervical ROM by area methods were also in good agreement with Cobb angle. Conclusion: Compared with Cobb angle, AC has better objectivity, stability, and clinical significance.

scholarly journals Validation of the content of a children’s game to promote the nursing profession

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luísa Maria da Costa Andrade ◽  
Maria Manuela Ferreira Pereira da Silva Martins ◽  
Carla Sílvia Fernandes ◽  
Henriqueta Ilda Verganista Martins Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Profession ◽  
Methodological Study ◽  
Probabilistic Sampling ◽  
Experimental Game ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Professional Profile ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Sampling Approach

ABSTRACT Objective: To validate content for an experimental game named Quantos Queres, using an origami, about the Nursing profession, for children from 7 to 12 years old. Method: Methodological study that included two groups of experts: A (n=7), B (n=40). Non-probabilistic sampling approach was used. We used a self-completion form, available by email and social networks, in Portugal, between February and April 2020. Acceptance decision established for 75% agreement. Results: The groups were mostly composed by nurses. Group A identified the themes: professional profile, training, ethical principles, historical and symbolic elements and conceived the content of the statements in the form of questions and answers. In group B, agreement was higher than 75% in the areas and contents of the statements. Conclusion: The selection of content to integrate the game is essential. The agreement obtained shows the importance of the chosen themes and the adequacy to the purpose that will be tested later.

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