Economic Evaluation of Water Supplying Function of a Mountain-forest Area of Turkey: Forest Rotation Impacts

Abstract Background: Mountain-Forest ecosystems provide essential services within the economic system of the region and perhaps the country. These natural resources, which have many apparent or not apparent functions, are facing economic development pressures in recent years. The benefits of water provided by mountain-forest ecosystems to the downstream basin and the benefits of eliminating the adverse conditions created by rainwater are economically valuable. However, they are benefits that decision-makers often do not consider. With quality and rational forest management, these benefits can be gained much more publicly. Forest rotation, silviculture studies, economic value determination, and rational forest management taking all these into account can provide this. Methods: The Faustmann approach made essential contributions to natural resource management and especially to the economic analysis of mountain-forest ecosystems in the middle of the 19th century. Highlighting the importance of the forest area's regeneration process, Faustman gave important opinions to decision-makers about when the timber value will be suitable for rotation. Hartman developed the Faustman approach by stating that the forest area has not only timber value but also non-timber values. In this study, the function of providing water resources from the Uludag National Park (UNP) resource values examined both approaches; and three models were created. Results: The basic model where only the timber value is taken into account is the model in which the impact of the rain flow regulation service on the UNP rotation is analyzed, and all forest water services are taken into account. Here, it was taken into account that the increased water quality value due to the forest will increase by 10%. According to the first model results, the UNP must be subjected to rotation at intervals of 44 years. UNP reaches its current net value of 956 USD/Ha in 44 years. In the second model, in which the service of eliminating problems such as floods, landslides, and landslides may occur in settlements below the basin due to the retention of rainwater in forest soil, there was no effect on the rotation period. However, the stand value increased to 976 USD/year per hectare. The third model assumed that the water quality value increased by 10%; It was concluded that the rotation increased to 107 years, and the stand value per hectare this year is 147 006 USD/Year. Conclusions: The study has made important contributions to the literature. It integrates the natural resource value determination studies with the forest rotation system. Also, essential implications are made for regional decision-makers and UNP forest management. It was concluded that the necessity of increasing the business investments made to the UNP is how important the allocation, use, and development decisions of the UNP are.

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The state of mountain forest ecosystems in the Bashkir Nature Reserve (Southern Urals)

BIO Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/bioconf/20213500006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 00006

Author(s):

Ainur Biembetov ◽

Nur Yanybayev ◽

Ilnar Valiev

Keyword(s):

Forest Management ◽

Environmental Monitoring ◽

Forest Ecosystems ◽

Nature Reserve ◽

Southern Urals ◽

The State ◽

Mountain Forest ◽

The Southern Urals ◽

Current State

Environmental monitoring of specially protected natural reservations in Russia makes it necessary to analyze periodically the parameters of natural reservations to identify the state of components of nature. The Bashkir Nature Reserve is located in the Southern Urals. The availability of materials on forest management in 1956, 1969, 1979, and 2016 is one of the special features of the scientific fund of the Bashkir Nature Reserve. The analysis of these materials showed stable positive dynamics of the development of coniferous and small-leaved deciduous forestry and its current state.

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Ecosystem services from mountain forest ecosystems: conceptual framework, approach and challenges

Silva Balcanica ◽

10.3897/silvabalcanica.21.e54628 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 47-68

Author(s):

Maria Glushkova ◽

Miglena Zhiyanski ◽

Stoyan Nedkov ◽

Rositsa Yaneva ◽

Lora Stoeva

Keyword(s):

Ecosystem Services ◽

Forest Ecosystems ◽

Water Cycle ◽

Well Being ◽

Decision Makers ◽

Mountain Forest ◽

Territorial Development ◽

Mountain Areas ◽

Mountain Ecosystems ◽

Wide Range

Mountain ecosystems play an essential role in sustainable mountain development, providing benefits and values to humanity not only for the rich biodiversity they contain, but also because of their important role in climate regulation, water cycle, provisioning of recreation, tourism, cultural or spiritual values. The high biodiversity of the mountain areas allow the provision of a wide range of ecosystem services. However, different impacts to the environment threaten the delivery of these services and, consequently, the quality of life of people, both living in the mountains and outside the mountains. Recognizing, demonstrating and capturing the value of ecosystem services can play an important role in setting policy directions for ecosystem management and conservation and, thus, in increasing the provision of ecosystem services and their contributions to human well-being. Quantifying and mapping of these benefits can also help managers and decision makers to realize the importance of these sites for conservation and to allow the proper understandings of the impacts of mountain forest ecosystems on territorial development and welfare of local populations. The paper aims to outline the relevance and applicability of the ecosystem services approach for the assessment of the condition of mountain ecosystems and the services, they provide, for better understanding by the scientific community and to support decision makers in sustainable management of mountain regions.

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Monitoring Timber Harvest Impacts on Stream Sedimentation: Instream vs. Upslope Methods

Western Journal of Applied Forestry ◽

10.1093/wjaf/11.1.25 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 25-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Richard A. Corner ◽

John H. Bassman ◽

Barry C. Moore

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Forest Management ◽

Natural Resource ◽

Timber Harvest ◽

Washington State ◽

Stream Sediment ◽

Sediment Production ◽

Physical Linkage ◽

Slope Monitoring ◽

Forest Managers

Abstract There is increasing pressure on forest managers and natural resource professionals to measure, monitor, and evaluate stream sediment production from timber harvest activities. However, the great expense of instream sediment monitoring severely limits the number of monitoring projects which can be undertaken and has hindered the development of regulations to maintain water quality. The purpose of this study was to compare instream vs. upslope monitoring on three experimental clearcuts in northeast Washington State. The up slope monitoring approach tested in this study appeared to circumvent most problems associated with instream monitoring and provided a clear physical linkage between measurements and on-site processes. However, on-site observations indicated that important sedimentation event were unaccounted for by both instream and upslope monitoring. It was concluded that qualitative observations can also be important tools for monitoring the effects of forest management activities on sediment production and delivery. West. J. Appl. For. 11(1):25-32.

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Marteloskope als Trainingstools zur Erhaltung und Förderung von Habitatbäumen im Wald

Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen ◽

10.3188/szf.2019.0086 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 170 (2) ◽

pp. 86-93

Author(s):

Frank Krumm ◽

Thibault Lachat ◽

Andreas Schuck ◽

Rita Bütler ◽

Daniel Kraus

Keyword(s):

Forest Management ◽

Forest Ecosystems ◽

Economic Value ◽

Mobile App ◽

Decision Makers ◽

The Political ◽

Tablet Computer ◽

Managed Forests ◽

European Forest ◽

Practical Level

Marteloscopes as training tools for the retention and conservation of habitat trees in forests Recently several initiatives on the political and practical level have aimed at promoting forest biodiversity and at halting the loss of species in forest ecosystems. Nevertheless numerous species are still threatened. The main reason for this phenomenon is most likely the fact that habitat trees – i.e. trees providing microhabitats for various different species – are rare in managed forests. In the course of the projects Integrate and Integrate+ (carried out at the European Forest Institute between 2011 and 2017) we looked for methods on how to retain habitat trees within the scope of integrative forest management. It became more and more apparent that most foresters very successfully recognize economically valuable trees, but not habitat trees. For that reason we categorized habitat structures occurring on trees and developed a microhabitat catalogue to determine habitat values. Additionally we used marteloscopes as training tools for the retention of habitat trees within integrative forest management. Altogether we established 40 such marteloscopes with a biodiversity focus across Europe. Three of these are located in Switzerland. Using a mobile app on a tablet computer we analyzed effects of different tree selections with respect to habitat and economic value of a stand. Furthermore the marteloscopes are ideal tools to convince decision makers or conservationists that harvesting trees and promoting biodiversity can be achieved in the very same stand.

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Climate-Resilient Forest Management in Nepal

Earth Observation Science and Applications for Risk Reduction and Enhanced Resilience in Hindu Kush Himalaya Region ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-73569-2_7 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 127-145

Author(s):

Vishwas Sudhir Chitale ◽

Sunil Thapa ◽

Mir A. Matin ◽

Kamala Gurung ◽

Shankar Adhikari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Forest Management ◽

Forest Ecosystems ◽

Net Primary Productivity ◽

Forest Degradation ◽

Decision Makers ◽

Special Focus ◽

Support Tool ◽

Geospatial Tools ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

AbstractForests play a vital role in combating climate change and mitigating its effects. In the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH), they are an important source of livelihood for the region’s growing population. With forest degradation and deforestation increasing, it has become all the more necessary to have a reliable climate resilient forest management system. At present, lack of precise information on forest degradation and the impacts of climate change on forest ecosystems hinder the conservation, planning and management of forest ecosystems in Nepal. We attempt to tackle this issue in collaboration with Department of Forests and Soil Conservation (DoFSC), Nepal, by providing scientific and reliable data on vulnerability of forests to anthropogenic factors and climate change using geospatial tools and techniques. We introduced a two-way multitier approach in Nepal to support the identification and implementation of adaptation and management strategies with special focus on forest ecosystems. It aims to reduce the vulnerability of forests to climate change and the degradation of forest ecosystems due to anthropogenic drivers. We used multispectral satellite datasets, data on climate trends and projections, and published data on extraction of forest resources in the study area. We then used data mining to quantify the influence of temperature and precipitation on functioning of forests by using MODIS data of net primary productivity, leaf area index, evapotranspiration and climatic trends and projections data. Finally, we overlayed the forest degradation map on forest climate sensitivity map to identify the hotspots of degradation and sensitivity needing immediate attention. These hotspots are defined as “adaptation footprints”, which help decision makers to prioritize their activities within their district. Most of the forest ecosystems in mid-western and far-western Nepal are highly sensitive to observed and predicted impacts of climate change, which need immediate prioritization and management. The products of this study are accessible through a web-based decision support tool, which will help decision makers at district and province level to prioritize the activities of forest management.

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Glarner Waldwirtschaft im letzten Viertel des 20. Jahrhunderts | Glarner Forest Management in the last quarter of the 20th Century

Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen ◽

10.3188/szf.2002.0249 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 153 (7) ◽

pp. 249-250

Author(s):

Fritz Marti

Keyword(s):

Forest Management ◽

20Th Century ◽

Logical Consequence ◽

Mountain Forest ◽

Wood Production ◽

Looking Back

Looking back on the last quarter of the 20th century, we see that the most striking changes in forest management have come about following large and frequent catastrophes. Management– concerned solely with wood production in former times – is oriented more towards retaining stability of the stands nowadays. In addition, the aspect of tending and improving the environment continues to gain ground. The growing gap between expenditure and profit is particularly acute in Glarner mountain forest areas. The extension of promotional silvicultural measures, which widely determines today's management, is to be seen as a logical consequence.

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Wald und Klimawandel in der inneralpinen Trockenregion Visp

Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen ◽

10.3188/szf.2012.0481 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 163 (12) ◽

pp. 481-492

Author(s):

Andreas Rigling ◽

Ché Elkin ◽

Matthias Dobbertin ◽

Britta Eilmann ◽

Arnaud Giuggiola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Ecosystem Services ◽

Forest Management ◽

Forest Ecosystem ◽

Bark Beetles ◽

Forest Ecosystems ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Forest Monitoring ◽

Management Interventions ◽

Forest Ecosystem Services

Forest and climate change in the inner-Alpine dry region of Visp Over the past decades, observed increases in temperature have been particularly pronounced in mountain regions. If this trend should continue in the 21st Century, frequency and intensity of droughts will increase, and will pose major challenges for forest management. Under current conditions drought-related tree mortality is already an important factor of forest ecosystems in dry inner-Alpine valleys. Here we assess the sensitivity of forest ecosystems to climate change and evaluate alternative forest management strategies in the Visp region. We integrate data from forest monitoring plots, field experiments and dynamic forests models to evaluate how the forest ecosystem services timber production, protection against natural hazards, carbon storage and biodiver-sity will be impacted. Our results suggest that at dry low elevation sites the drought tolerance of native tree species will be exceeded so that in the longer term a transition to more drought-adapted species should be considered. At medium elevations, drought and insect disturbances as by bark beetles are projected to be important for forest development, while at high elevations forests are projected to expand and grow better. All of the ecosystem services that we considered are projected to be impacted by changing forest conditions, with the specific impacts often being elevation-dependent. In the medium term, forest management that aims to increase the resilience of forests to drought can help maintain forest ecosystem services temporarily. However, our results suggest that relatively rigid management interventions are required to achieve significant effects. By using a combination of environmental monitoring, field experiments and modeling, we are able to gain insight into how forest ecosystem, and the services they provide, will respond to future changes.

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Using perceptual maps to communicate concepts of Sustainable Forest Management – Collaborative research with the Office of the Wet'suwet'en Nation in British Columbia

The Forestry Chronicle ◽

10.5558/tfc81381-3 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 81 (3) ◽

pp. 381-386

Author(s):

S. Denise Allen

Keyword(s):

British Columbia ◽

Forest Management ◽

Collaborative Research ◽

Sustainable Forest Management ◽

Software Tool ◽

Decision Makers ◽

North Central ◽

Criteria And Indicators ◽

Perceptual Maps ◽

Forest Resources Management

This article discusses collaborative research with the Office of the Wet'suwet'en Nation on their traditional territories in north-central British Columbia, Canada, a forest-dependent region where contemporary and traditional forest resources management regimes overlap. In-depth personal interviews with the hereditary chiefs and concept mapping were used to identify social-ecological linkages in Wet'suwet'en culture to inform the development of culturally sensitive social criteria and indicators of sustainable forest management (SFM) in this region. The preliminary results demonstrate how the CatPac II software tool can be applied to identify key component concepts and linkages in local definitions of SFM, and translate large volumes of (oral) qualitative data into manageable information resources for forest managers and decision-makers. Key words: social criteria and indicators, sustainable forest management, qualitative research, Wet'suwet'en

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