scholarly journals Association Between Blood Pressure And Lung Function In Chinese Children: The Seven Northeastern Cities Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Huo ◽  
Mo Yang ◽  
Qi-Zhen Wu ◽  
Caroline J Lodge ◽  
Jennifer L Perret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Global Increase ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Hypertension In Children

Abstract Background: A global increase in asthma and COPD incidence has occurred, the cause is unknown. One potential relationship that has yet to be explored is the interaction between blood pressure (BP) and lung function in children 5-17 years old. Our purpose is to assess the relationship between hypotension, hypertension, and lung function in children 5 to 17 years old. Methods: Participants were recruited from elementary and middle schools from 7 cities in northeastern China (N=6,797). BP was categorized into 3 groups: hypotensive (<5th percentile or <90mmHg if children >10 years), normotensive and hypertensive (>95th percentile) based on American Academy of Pediatrics standards. Spirometry measured lung function in forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and maximum mid expiratory flow (MMEF). Associations were assessed using logistic regression analysis. Results: Decreases in FVC , FEV1, PEF, and MMEF were noted in hypotensive children. Higher FVC, FEV1, PEF, and MMEF were noted among children ³ 10 with hypertension, while children <10 years, only had increased FVC compared to normotensive children. Statistically significant interactions between hypotension and PEF < 75% (OR:2.31; 95% CI: 1.17-4.23), were seen for children < 10 years. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that, in this study population, hypotension may be associated with decreased lung function, and the increased lung function may be associated with hypertension in children. Future studies are needed to confirm temporality as this is the first study to explore these relationships in children which requires in depth investigation.

No effect of artificial gravity on lung function with exercise training during head-down bed rest

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Longxiang Su ◽  
Yinghua Guo ◽  
Yajuan Wang ◽  
Delong Wang ◽  
Changting Liu
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Pulmonary Ventilation ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Artificial Gravity ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Expiratory Flow

AbstractTo explore the effectiveness of microgravity simulated by head-down bed rest (HDBR) and artificial gravity (AG) with exercise on lung function. Twenty-four volunteers were randomly divided into control and exercise countermeasure (CM) groups for 96 h of 6° HDBR. Comparisons of pulse rate, pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) and lung function were made between these two groups at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 h. Compared with the sitting position, inspiratory capacity and respiratory reserve volume were significantly higher than before HDBR (0° position) (P&lt; 0.05). Vital capacity, expiratory reserve volume, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, forced inspiratory vital capacity, forced inspiratory volume in 1 s, forced expiratory flow at 25, 50 and 75%, maximal mid-expiratory flow and peak expiratory flow were all significantly lower than those before HDBR (P&lt; 0.05). Neither control nor CM groups showed significant differences in the pulse rate, SpO2, pulmonary volume and pulmonary ventilation function over the HDBR observation time. Postural changes can lead to variation in lung volume and ventilation function, but a HDBR model induced no changes in pulmonary function and therefore should not be used to study AG CMs.

scholarly journals Association of cathepsin B and cystatin C with an age-related pulmonary subclinical state in a healthy Chinese population

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 175346662092175
Author(s):  
Nan Wang ◽  
Yajun Yuan ◽  
Xiaojuan Bai ◽  
Wen Han ◽  
Lulu Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Cathepsin B ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Healthy People ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Expiratory Flow

Background: Cathepsin B (CTSB) and cystatin C (CYSC) are new biomarkers for several physiological and pathological processes as their activities increase with age. The aim of this study was to explore population-level associations between serum CTSB and CYSC with an age-related pulmonary subclinical state. Methods: We examined 401 healthy participants (aged 36–87 years, of which 44.3% were male) in northern Chinese cities. We used a standard spirometer to determine lung function. Serum CTSB and CYSC levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: For all participants, serum CTSB was related to maximum vital capacity (VC MAX), forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s, peak expiratory flow, forced expiratory flow at 25% of FVC, forced expiratory volume in 3 s (FEV3), and inspiratory vital capacity (VC IN). These associations were lost after full adjustment. CYSC remained significantly associated with inspiratory capacity (IC), breath frequency (BF; p < 0.001), minute ventilation (MV), the ratio of FEV3 and FVC (FEV3%FVC), and expiratory reserve volume ( p < 0.05) after adjusting for all other possible confounders. In males, serum CYSC levels exhibited significant and independent associations with FVC, FEV3 ( p < 0.05), and IC ( p < 0.001) and serum CTSB levels exhibited significant and independent associations with BF ( p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our results confirmed serum CYSC concentration associations with an age-related lung function in healthy people. However, the association between serum CTSB and lung function was not well confirmed. Serum measurements of CYSC may provide valuable predictors of pulmonary function in healthy people, especially healthy elderly adults. The reviews of this paper are available via the supplemental material section.

scholarly journals Dietary antioxidants and 10-year lung function decline in adults from the ECRHS survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1602286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Garcia-Larsen ◽  
James F. Potts ◽  
Ernst Omenaas ◽  
Joachim Heinrich ◽  
Cecilie Svanes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Multiple Testing ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Lung Function Decline ◽  
Dietary Antioxidants ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Multivariable Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between lung function decline and dietary antioxidants over 10 years in adults from three European countries was investigated.In 2002, adults from three participating countries of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) answered a questionnaire and underwent spirometry (forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC)), which were repeated 10 years later. Dietary intake was estimated at baseline with food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). Associations between annual lung function decline (mL) and diet (tertiles) were examined with multivariable analyses. Simes’ procedure was applied to control for multiple testing.A total of 680 individuals (baseline mean age 43.8±6.6 years) were included. A per-tertile increase in apple and banana intake was associated with a 3.59 mL·year−1 (95% CI 0.40, 7.68) and 3.69 mL·year−1 (95% CI 0.25, 7.14) slower decline in FEV1 and FVC, respectively. Tomato intake was also associated with a slower decline in FVC (4.5 mL·year−1; 95% CI 1.28, 8.02). Only the association with tomato intake remained statistically significant after the Simes’ procedure was performed. Subgroup analyses showed that apple, banana and tomato intake were all associated with a slower decline in FVC in ex-smokers.Intake of fruits and tomatoes might delay lung function decline in adults, particularly in ex-smokers.

No effect of artificial gravity on lung function with exercise training during head-down bed rest

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-153
Author(s):  
Longxiang Su ◽  
Yinghua Guo ◽  
Yajuan Wang ◽  
Delong Wang ◽  
Changting Liu
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulse Rate ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Pulmonary Ventilation ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Artificial Gravity ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Expiratory Flow

AbstractThe aim of this study is to explore the effectiveness of microgravity simulated by head-down bed rest (HDBR) and artificial gravity (AG) with exercise on lung function. Twenty-four volunteers were randomly divided into control and exercise countermeasure (CM) groups for 96 h of 6° HDBR. Comparisons of pulse rate, pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) and lung function were made between these two groups at 0, 24, 48, 72, 96 h. Compared with the sitting position, inspiratory capacity and respiratory reserve volume were significantly higher than before HDBR (0° position) (P< 0.05). Vital capacity, expiratory reserve volume, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, forced inspiratory vital capacity, forced inspiratory volume in 1 s, forced expiratory flow at 25, 50, and 75%, maximal mid-expiratory flow and peak expiratory flow were all significantly lower than those before HDBR (P< 0.05). Neither control nor CM groups showed significant differences in pulse rate, SpO2, pulmonary volume and pulmonary ventilation function over the HDBR observation time. Postural changes can lead to variation in lung volume and ventilation function, but a HDBR model induced no changes in pulmonary function and therefore should not be used to study AG countermeasures.

scholarly journals Forced expiratory flows’ contribution to lung function interpretation in schoolchildren

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Boutin ◽  
Marc Koskas ◽  
Houda Guillo ◽  
Lucia Maingot ◽  
Marie-Claude La Rocca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Reference Interval ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
Forced Expiratory Flow ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Function Interpretation

Forced expiratory flow (FEF) at low lung volumes are supposed to be better at detecting lung-function impairment in asthmatic children than a forced volume. The aim of this study was to examine whether FEF results could modify the interpretation of baseline and post-bronchodilator spirometry in asthmatic schoolchildren in whom forced expiratory volumes are within the normal range.Spirometry, with post-bronchodilator vital capacity within 10% of that of baseline in healthy and asthmatic children, was recorded prospectively. We defined abnormal baseline values expressed as z-scores <-1.645, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) reversibility as a baseline increase >12%, FEF reversibility as an increase larger than the 2.5th percentile of post-bronchodilator changes in healthy children.Among 66 healthy and 50 asthmatic schoolchildren, only two (1.7%) children with normal vital capacity and no airways obstruction had abnormal baseline forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of forced vital capacity (FEF25–75%). After bronchodilation, among the 45 asthmatic children without FEV1 reversibility, 5 (11.1%) had an FEF25–75% increase that exceeded the reference interval.Isolated abnormal baseline values or significant post-bronchodilator changes in FEF are rare situations in asthmatic schoolchildren with good spirometry quality.

The effect of occupational exposure to petrol on pulmonary function parameters: a review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-390
Author(s):  
Somayeh Rahimi Moghadam ◽  
Mahdi Afshari ◽  
Mahmood Moosazadeh ◽  
Narges Khanjani ◽  
Ali Ganjali
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Petrol Station ◽  
Standard Mean Difference ◽  
Forced Expiratory Flow ◽  
Expiratory Flow

Abstract Introduction Exposure to petrol and gasoline can have harmful effects on the lungs. This review aimed to summarize the reported effects of this exposure on pulmonary function parameters. Methods Relevant studies were identified by a comprehensive search in PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and Google Scholar databases. Irrelevant studies were excluded. Quality assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa score (NOS). The standard mean difference of pulmonary parameters between exposed and unexposed petrol station attendants was pooled using random effects. Meta-regression was used to investigate factors probably related to heterogeneity. Studies affecting the total estimates were assessed during sensitivity analysis. The Egger test was performed to investigate any evidence of publication bias. Results Eventually, 26 studies entered the meta-analysis, and the pooled standard difference [95% confidence interval (CI)] of forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, vital capacity (VC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory flow (FEF25-75) and maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) in the exposed minus unexposed groups was −1.08 L (95% CI: −1.38, −0.78), −0.92 L (−1.15, −0.69), −0.65 (−1.01, −0.30), −0.51 L (−0.96, −0.06), −0.96 L/s (−1.21, −0.69), −0.78 L/s (1.14, −0.42) and −0.58 L/min (−0.90, −0.27), respectively, and showed a decrease in all pulmonary parameters in the exposed group. Conclusion Occupational exposure to petrol fumes is a risk factor for lung function and there is a reverse relation between lung function and the duration of exposure.

scholarly journals Lung Function Monitoring; A Randomized Agreement Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sveinung Berntsen ◽  
Solvor B. Stølevik ◽  
Petter Mowinckel ◽  
Wenche Nystad ◽  
Trine Stensrud
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Peak Expiratory Flow ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Forced Expiratory Flow ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Agreement Study

Objective: To determine the agreement between devices and repeatability within devices of the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF) and forced expiratory flow at 50% of FVC (FEF50) values measured using the four spirometers included in the study. Methods: 50 (24 women) participants (20-64 years of age) completed maximum forced expiratory flow manoeuvres and measurements were performed using the following devices: MasterScreen, SensorMedics, Oxycon Pro and SpiroUSB. The order of the instruments tested was randomized and blinded for both the participants and the technicians. Re-testing was conducted on a following day within 72 hours at the same time of the day. Results: The devices which obtained the most comparable values for all lung function variables were SensorMedics and Oxycon Pro, and MasterScreen and SpiroUSB. For FEV1, mean difference was 0.04 L (95% confidence interval; -0.05, 0.14) and 0.00 L (-0.06, 0.06), respectively. When using the criterion of FVC and FEV1 ≤ 0.150 L for acceptable repeatability, 67% of the comparisons of the measured lung function values obtained by the four devices were acceptable. Overall, Oxycon Pro obtained most frequently values of the lung function variables with highest precision as indicated by the coefficients of repeatability (CR), followed by MasterScreen, SensorMedics and SpiroUSB (e.g. min-max CR for FEV1; 0.27-0.46). Conclusion: The present study confirms that measurements obtained by the same device at different times can be compared; however, measured lung function values may differ depending on spirometers used.

scholarly journals Determinants of Longitudinal Change of Lung Function in Different Gender in a Large Taiwanese Population Follow-Up Study Categories: Original Investigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1033
Author(s):  
Chia-Heng Chang ◽  
Szu-Chia Chen ◽  
Jiun-Hung Geng ◽  
Da-Wei Wu ◽  
Jiun-Chi Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Longitudinal Change ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
History Of

Chronic lung disease is associated with tremendous social and economic burden worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the sex-specific risk factors for changes in lung function in a large longitudinal study. We included 9059 participants from the Taiwan Biobank. None of the participants had a history of smoking, asthma, emphysema or bronchitis. Lung function was assessed using spirometry measurements of forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1). Change in the FEV1/FVC (ΔFEV1/FVC) was calculated as a follow-up FEV1/FVC minus baseline FEV1/FVC. Linear regression analysis was used to identify associations between variables and ΔFEV1/FVC in the male and female participants. After multivariable adjustments, the male participants (vs. females; p = 0.021) were significantly associated with a low ΔFEV1/FVC. In addition, the male participants with low aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (p = 0.003), high alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (p = 0.006) and a low estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (p = 0.003) were significantly associated with a low ΔFEV1/FVC. For the female participants, low systolic blood pressure (p = 0.005), low diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.031), low AST (p < 0.001), high ALT (p < 0.001) and a low eGFR (p = 0.001) were significantly associated with a low ΔFEV1/FVC. In this large follow-up study, we found that the male participants had a faster decrease in the FEV1/FVC than the female participants. In addition, liver and renal functions were correlated with changes in lung function in both the male and female participants. Our findings provide useful information on sex-specific changes in lung function.

Determinants of Lung Function at Age 8.5 Years in a Birth Cohort of Thai Children

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-151
Author(s):  
Wanaporn Anuntaseree ◽  
Kanokpan Ruangnapa ◽  
Pasuree Sangsupawanich ◽  
Ladda Mo-suwan ◽  
Kantara Saelim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
First Year ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Data Collections ◽  
First Year Of Life

Abstract Background and aims Early life factors have reported the associations with impaired lung function in later life. In the present study, the birth cohort was followed up longitudinally to investigate the determinants of lung function in Thai children. Methods Cohort subjects were recruited from children born in Songkhla Province in southern Thailand. Data collections were obtained starting from antenatal, at birth, and at 1, 5 and 8.5 years of age. Spirometry was assessed at age 8.5 years. The variables investigated included birth weight, smoke exposure, respiratory diseases during the newborn period and during the first year of life, and asthma diagnosed at age 5 or 8.5 years. Results Of 1056 subjects, 892 (84.5%) subjects completed the spirometric measurements. The presence of asthma was the only factor that was significantly associated with a lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio, forced expiratory flow at 25–75% vital capacity (FEF25–75%VC) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). The regression analysis found that asthma was significantly associated with a lower FEV1/FVC ratio, FEF25–75%VC, and PEFR value with estimated coefficients ± standard error of –1.27 ± 0.55%, p = 0.02; –131.8 ± 48.2 ml/s, p = 0.006; and –166.2 ± 65.0 ml/s, p = 0.01, respectively. Asthma diagnosed at age 5 or 8.5 years was more likely among children who had lower respiratory tract illness during the first year of life. The odds ratio for the association was 4.81 (95% confidence interval 2.14–10.83, p &lt; 0.001). Conclusion The main factor associated with lower lung function in Thai cohort subjects was the present of asthma by age 5 or 8.5 years and early respiratory illness was the risk factor for asthma in childhood period.

Pulmonary function in men after oxygen breathing at 3.0 ATA for 3.5 h

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 878-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Clark ◽  
R. M. Jackson ◽  
C. J. Lambertsen ◽  
R. Gelfand ◽  
W. D. Hiller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Large Change ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Diffusing Capacity ◽  
Mild Degree ◽  
Oxygen Breathing ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Expiratory Flow

As a pulmonary component of Predictive Studies V, designed to determine O2 tolerance of multiple organs and systems in humans at 3.0–1.5 ATA, pulmonary function was evaluated at 1.0 ATA in 13 healthy men before and after O2 exposure at 3.0 ATA for 3.5 h. Measurements included flow-volume loops, spirometry, and airway resistance (Raw) (n = 12); CO diffusing capacity (n = 11); closing volumes (n = 6); and air vs. HeO2 forced vital capacity maneuvers (n = 5). Chest discomfort, cough, and dyspnea were experienced during exposure in mild degree by most subjects. Mean forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced expiratory flow at 25–75% of vital capacity (FEF25–75) were significantly reduced postexposure by 5.9 and 11.8%, respectively, whereas forced vital capacity was not significantly changed. The average difference in maximum midexpiratory flow rates at 50% vital capacity on air and HeO2 was significantly reduced postexposure by 18%. Raw and CO diffusing capacity were not changed postexposure. The relatively large change in FEF25–75 compared with FEV1, the reduction in density dependence of flow, and the normal Raw postexposure are all consistent with flow limitation in peripheral airways as a major cause of the observed reduction in expiratory flow. Postexposure pulmonary function changes in one subject who convulsed at 3.0 h of exposure are compared with corresponding average changes in 12 subjects who did not convulse.

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