scholarly journals Virtual Functional Mobility Test: A Potential Novel Tool for Assessing Mobility of Individuals With Parkinson´s Disease in a Multitask Condition.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Júlia Araújo de Moura ◽  
Josevan Cerqueira Leal ◽  
Maria Elisa Pimentel Piemonte ◽  
John P. Quarles ◽  
Felipe Augusto Dos Santos Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Clinical Tests ◽  
Clinical Tool ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
Mobility Test ◽  
Trail Making

Abstract Background: There are few instruments available for evaluating functional mobility during multitasking in people with Parkinson´s Disease. Virtual Reality is a potentially tool capable of aiding in the evaluation of functional mobility. The purpose of this study is to verify the potential of the Virtual Functional Mobility Test (VFMT) as a clinical tool to assess functional mobility of people with PD during multitasking condition. Method: 25 people with PD and 25 people without PD, matched for age and sex, were recruited. Participants were evaluated through the Trail Making Test, Timed "UP and GO" test, Timed “UG and GO” in dual task and through the VFMT, composed of 1) a simple task, involving exclusively motor skills and 2) a complex task, involving multitasking. The groups’ performances on the clinical and VFMT tests were compared to verify the virtual test´s sensitivity. It was evaluated the correlations between VFMT tasks and existing clinical tests, the reliability intra-rater and the users’ perception. Results: The VFMT and clinical tests were sensitive to differentiate the groups, except the trail making test part B (p= 0.332) and complex task (p= 0.052). Strong correlations were observed between parts A and B of the trail making test (r=0.75) and complex task (r=0.72); Moderate correlations between Timed Up and Go test and Timed Up and Go in dual task test with simple task (r=0.47) and complex task (r=0.55), respectively, was found. The complex task and simple task showed excellent and moderate reliability intra-rater, respectively. Conclusion: It was concluded that the novel VFMT is feasible, sensible, reliable and has potential as an instrument for the evaluation of functional mobility during multitasking in people with PD.

Reliability and construct validity of a novel motor–cognitive dual‐task test: A Stepping Trail Making Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosuke Osuka ◽  
Narumi Kojima ◽  
Ryota Sakurai ◽  
Yutaka Watanabe ◽  
Hunkyung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Trail Making

DUAL-TASK INTERVENTION BASED ON TRAIL MAKING TEST: EFFECTS ON PARKINSON'S DISEASE Dual-task and trail making test in Parkinson

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata do Nascimento Silva ◽  
Sabrina Vilela Afonso ◽  
Luana Rosseto Felipe ◽  
Rafael Almeida Oliveira ◽  
Lislei Jorge Patrizzi Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Trail Making

scholarly journals A Stepping Trail Making Test as an Indicator of Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 2835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosuke Osuka ◽  
Hunkyung Kim ◽  
Yutaka Watanabe ◽  
Yu Taniguchi ◽  
Narumi Kojima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Concurrent Validity ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Cognitive Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Net Reclassification Improvement ◽  
Trail Making

This study aimed to examine the concurrent validity of a novel motor-cognitive dual-task test, the Stepping Trail Making Test (S-TMT), as an indicator of cognitive impairment (CI), and compare its screening performance to that of motor or cognitive tests alone. This was a population-based cross-sectional study including 965 Japanese adults aged ≥ 70 years. To measure the time taken to perform the S-TMT, the participants were instructed to step on 16 numbers in sequence as quickly and accurately as possible. Motor and cognitive functions were assessed by gait speed and TMT part A (TMT-A), respectively. Participants were classified into CI (< 24 points), mild CI (MCI, 24–27 points), and intact cognition (> 27 points) categories based on their Mini-Mental State Examination score. Binary logistic regression models showed that the addition of the S-TMT to the covariates model gave the highest discrimination index (c-statistics), and significantly improved reclassification indices (net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement) for screening both CI and MCI compared to those of gait speed or TMT-A alone. These results show that S-TMT has a concurrent validity as a dual-task test for screening CI and MCI and better discrimination and reclassification performance than motor or cognitive tests alone in older adults.

scholarly journals Do Task Complexity Demands Influence the Learners’ Perception of Task Difficulty?

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Nasrin Sanajou ◽  
Leila Zohali ◽  
Fateme Zabihi
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Task Difficulty ◽  
Task Complexity ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
The Other ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
Single Task ◽  
Efl Learners

This study investigates the effects of cognitive task complexity on EFL learners’ perception of task difficulty. Learners’ perception of task difficulty is measured by a five-item task difficulty questionnaire (as in Robinson, 2001a). The participants were 76 intermediate learners which were divided into two groups. One group performed a simple task (single task) and the other group performed a complex task (dual task). Having performed the tasks, the participants completed the task difficulty questionnaire. In order to see how the participants evaluated task difficulty, their ratings for each question of the questionnaire in the simple and complex tasks was compared using Mann-Whitney U. The results indicate that the complex task significantly affected learners’ perception of task difficulty in three items of difficulty, stress and interest. The results of task difficulty studies can help language educators in designing and employing more effective language teaching materials. 

scholarly journals Poor Trail Making Test Performance Is Directly Associated with Altered Dual Task Prioritization in the Elderly – Baseline Results from the TREND Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. e27831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus A. Hobert ◽  
Raphael Niebler ◽  
Sinja I. Meyer ◽  
Kathrin Brockmann ◽  
Clemens Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Trend Study ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Task Prioritization

scholarly journals A Dual-Task Paradigm Using the Oral Trail Making Test While Walking to Study Cognitive-Motor Interactions in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Langeard ◽  
Marta Maria Torre ◽  
Jean-Jacques Temprado
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Test Part ◽  
Normal Speed ◽  
Dual Task Paradigm ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Switching Task

Objective: With aging, gait becomes more dependent on executive functions, especially on switching abilities. Therefore, cognitive-motor dual-task (DT) paradigms should study the interferences between gait and switching tasks. This study aimed to test a DT paradigm based on a validated cognitive switching task to determine whether it could distinguish older-old adults (OO) from younger-old adults (YO).Methods: Sixty-five healthy older participants divided into 29 younger-old (&lt;70 years) and 36 older-old (≥70 years) age groups were evaluated in three single-task (ST) conditions as follows: a cognitive task including a processing speed component [Oral Trail Making Test part A (OTMT-A)], a cognitive task including a switching component [Oral Trail Making Test part B (OTMT-B)], and a gait evaluation at normal speed. They were also evaluated under two DT conditions, i.e., one associating gait with OTMT-A and the other associating gait with OTMT-B. Cognitive and gait performances were measured. The comparison of cognitive and gait performances between condition, logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed.Results: The cognitive and gait performances were differently affected by the different conditions (i.e., ST, DT, OTMT-A, and OTMT-B). The OTMT-B produced higher interference on gait and cognitive performances. Moreover, a higher number of errors on the OTMT-B performed while walking was associated with the older-old age group.Conclusion: Using validated cognitive flexibility tasks, this DT paradigm confirms the high interference between switching tasks and gait in older age. It is easily implemented, and its sensitivity to age may highlight its possible usefulness to detect cognitive or motor declines.

scholarly journals Multi-components exercise associated with dual task: Effects on physical functional performance and mobility of the older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Janine Carvalho Valentino Camargos ◽  
Milena Razuk ◽  
Kathisuellen Reis Assis ◽  
Alex Tomé ◽  
Natalia Madalena Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Physical Functional Performance ◽  
Training Protocol

Objective: The aim of this study was to verify the effect of dual task in a training protocol in the components of physical Functional Performance and mobility of older adults Methods: Thirty older adults (twenty-three female and seven males; 66.48 ±3.85 years) were distributed into three randomized groups: Multi-component physical activity group (MC), Dual Task Group (DT) and Control Group (CG). Participants were assessed before training and after 12 weeks of training with the following tests: Mini Mental State Examination, for evaluation of cognitive functions, AAHPERD test battery - American Alliance for Health, Physical Education, Recreation and Dance, for evaluation of five physical Functional Performance components, Timed Up and Go, for evaluation of functional mobility and The Baecke Questionnaire to assess the level of physical activity. Both MC and DT groups performed the same multi-components training protocol, however DT group performed simultaneously with a second cognitive task. Results: The groups that performed the training protocol improved some aspects of physical Functional Performance and mobility compared to the CG (p < 0.01). No difference was found between the DT and MC groups. Conclusion: Performing two simultaneous tasks in a training protocol does not seem to influence the functional capacity and mobility.Keywords: dual task training, multi-components training, physical functional performance

Cerebral Activation Patterns Of Older Adults While Performing The Functional Gait Test

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Bastos Tavares ◽  
Idaliana Fagundes de Souza ◽  
Bartolomeu Fagundes de Lima Filho ◽  
Kim Mansur Yano ◽  
Juliana Maria Gazzola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Complex Task ◽  
Simple Task ◽  
Brain Waves ◽  
The Right ◽  
Functional Gait ◽  
The Brain

Abstract Dual-task activities are common in daily life and have greater motor/cognitive demands. These are conditions that increase the risk of older adult falls. Falls are a public health problem. Brain mapping during dual-task activities can inform which therapeutic activities stimulate specific brain areas, improving functionality, and decreasing dependence and the risk of falls. The objective of the study was to characterize the brain activity of healthy older adults while performing a dual-task activity called the Functional Gait Test (FGT). Method : This observational study included 30 older adults aged 65 to 75 years, and it was approved by the institutional review board. The FGT consists of walking following a sequence of numbers (simple task), and a sequence of alternating letters and numbers (complex task). During the activity, the subjects had their cortical activation pattern measured using the Emotiv EPOC® electroencephalogram. Complete data was obtained for analysis on 13 participants. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), and paired T-tests to compare the brain activity during the conditions (simple vs. complex task). Results : Alpha brain waves were activated in the right and left hemispheres during the simple task, while Alpha brain waves’ activation during the complex task was predominant in the right hemisphere. However, the differences were not statistically significant. The Betha waves had predominant activation in the left hemisphere during the simple task, and predominant activation in the right hemisphere during the complex task. The difference was statistically significant in 11 out of the 14 channels evaluated ( P <0.04). Conclusion: The results corroborates the increased complexity of dual-tasks due to the predominant activation of the right hemisphere, which is related to motor learning process and new stimulus processing.

scholarly journals Influence of a multidimensional music-based exercise program on selected cognitive and motor skills in dementia patients—a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Prinz ◽  
A. Schumacher ◽  
K. Witte
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Hand Dynamometer ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Bar Test ◽  
Dynamometer Test

AbstractOne of the most common causes of needing care in old age is dementia. In order to enjoy a pleasant retirement for people with dementia, it is essential for them to maintain their independence. Studies have shown that a combination of physical activity and music has positive effects on dementia patients. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the feasibility of implementing a multidimensional music-based exercise program for dementia patients and the effects on an intervention group (IG) compared to a control group (CG, usual care). The study design was based on a 12-week intervention with two (IG/CG) by two (pretest/posttest) parallel groups and block randomization with unequal group sizes. Participants had to be able to move independently or with a walker and not have severe cardiovascular disease or cardiac arrhythmias. Fifty-three blinded dementia patients (age: 83.63 ± 6.03 years) from inpatient facilities participated in the study and were assigned from the exercise instructors to IG (n = 34) and CG (n = 19). The primary outcomes were feasibility (Observation sheet), modified Chair Rising test, Timed Up and Go test, hand dynamometer test, FICSIT‑4 (Frailty and Injuries: Cooperative Studies of Intervention Techniques), and drop bar test. Secondary endpoints included: verbal fluency (“animals”), the Mini-Mental State Examination, memory, Trail Making Test A, and Qualidem. Forty-nine subjects were analyzed (IG = 32; CG = 17). There were significant differences between the groups in the modified Chair Rising test (p = 0.033), FICSIT‑4 (p = 0.035), and Timed Up and Go test (p = 0.005) at posttest, which showed improved performance of the IG compared to the CG. The IG additionally showed improvements in the modified Chair Rising test (p = 0.000), drop bar test (p = 0.033), hand dynamometer test (p = 0.001), Timed Up and Go test (p = 0.000), verbal fluency (p = 0.002) and Trail Making Test A (p = 0.04) after 12 weeks. There were no adverse events or side effects. The multidimensional music-based exercise program could be performed by the dementia patients and was well received. The improved functional mobility could contribute to a lower risk of falls and thus maintain independence. For the follow-up study, the number of subjects, randomization, and parameters should be considered.

scholarly journals Comparison of Three Physical—Cognitive Training Programs in Healthy Older Adults: A Study Protocol for a Monocentric Randomized Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Marta Maria Torre ◽  
Antoine Langeard ◽  
Nicolas Hugues ◽  
Jérôme Laurin ◽  
Jean-Jacques Temprado
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Trail Making Test ◽  
Balance Test ◽  
Motor Fitness ◽  
Gaming Technology ◽  
Trail Making ◽  
Four Square ◽  
Complex Goal

(1) Combining aerobic, coordination and cognitive training allows for more improved physical and cognitive performance than when performed separately. A Nordic walking (NW) and two cognitive-motor circuit training programs (CT-c and CT-fit) are compared. CT-c and CT-fit stimulate cognition differently: CT-c, is through conventional complex coordination training performed in single and dual-task conditions; CT-fit, incorporates it into complex goal-directed actions, implemented by fitness gaming technology (2) The aim is to determine whether CT-fit brings additional benefits to cognition compared to more traditional training. (3) Forty-five healthy independent living community dwellers participants (65–80 years) will be included after a general medical examination. The main exclusion criteria are signs of cognitive impairments (Mini–Mental State Examination < 26/30) and physical impairments. Pre and post-tests will be performed to assess: cognitive functions (Montreal Cognitive Assessment; Trail Making Test; Stroop task, working memory test, Rey Complex Figure copy task, Oral Trail Making Test, and dual-task); motor fitness (Bipedal and unipedal balance test, gait assessments, Time Up and Go, chair sit and reach test and four-square stepping test); and physical fitness (10 m incremental shuttle walking test, maximal handgrip force, Timed-Stands test). (4) Incorporating cognitive demands into complex, goal-directed actions using fitness gaming technology should be the best solution to optimize training benefits.

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