scholarly journals The regeneration of Acer rubrum L. "October Glory" through embryonic callus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chongwen Dai ◽  
Yang-yang YAN ◽  
Yumin Liu ◽  
Ya-min LIU ◽  
Yuan-wei DENG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Acer Rubrum ◽  
Adventitious Bud ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Stem Segment ◽  
Embryonic Callus ◽  
Bud Induction ◽  
Culture Process

Abstract Background: Tissue culture and rapid propagation technology is an important way to solve the difficulties of plant propagation. This experiment aims to explore the appropriate conditions at each stage of the red maple’s tissue culture process and to obtain plantlets, thus providing a theoretical basis for the establishment of the red maple’s tissue culture system. Results: The results showed that the stem segment is the most suitable explant for inducing embryogenic callus. The MS (Murashige&Skoog) +0.8 mg/L TDZ (Thidiazuron) +1.0 mg/L 6-BA (6-Benzylaminopurine) +0.5 mg/L IAA(Indole-3-acetic acid) +35 g/L sucrose+7.5 g/L semi-fixed medium was the best for callus formation. When selecting type Ⅵ callus as embryonic callus induction material, MS+0.6 mg/L TDZ+0.5 mg/L 6-BA +2.0 mg/L IAA +35 g/L sucrose+7.5 g/L semi-fixed medium can get embryonic callus. The optimal medium for adventitious bud induction is MS+1.0 mg/L TDZ+3.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA (1-Naphthaleneacetic acid)+1.2 mg/L IAA+35 g/L sucrose+7.5 g/L semi-fixed medium. The induction rate of adventitious roots in MS+0.6 mg/L TDZ+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+3 mg/L NAA+35 g/L sucrose+7.5 g/L semi-fixed medium was the highest, reaching 76%. Conclusions: In the course of our research, we found that PGRs play an important role in the callus induction stage, and the effect of TDZ is particularly obvious; The callus cells grow and proliferate according to the "S" growth curve, and can be sub-cultured when the highest growth point is reached to maintain the rapid proliferation of the callus cells and to avoid inactivation of callus caused by tight niche.

scholarly journals The regeneration of Acer rubrum L. "October Glory" through embryonic callus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chongwen Dai ◽  
Yang-yang YAN ◽  
Yumin Liu ◽  
Ya-min LIU ◽  
Yuan-wei DENG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Acer Rubrum ◽  
Adventitious Bud ◽  
Induction Effect ◽  
Embryonic Callus ◽  
Bud Induction ◽  
Regenerated Plant ◽  
Optimal Medium

Abstract Background Landscape industry has been recognized as the "eternal sunrise industry", however, the introduction and cultivation of colored-leaf trees in southern China is relatively vacant.Results The results showed that the induction effect of the stem was the best for the embryogenic callus, and the regenerated plant with genetic stability was obtained. The MS (Murashige&Skoog) +0.8 mg/L TDZ (Thidiazuron) +1.0 mg/L 6-BA (6-Benzylaminopurine) +0.5 mg/L NAA (1-naphthlcetic acid) +35 g/L sucrose+7.5 g/L semi-fixed medium was the best for callus formation. When selecting type VI callus as embryonic callus induction material, MS+0.6 mg/L TDZ+0.5 mg/L 6-BA +2.0 mg/L IAA (Indole-3-acetic acid) +35 g/L sucrose+7.5 g/L semi-fixed medium can get embryonic callus. The optimal medium for adventitious bud induction is MS+1.0 mg/L TDZ+3.0 mg/L 6-BA+0.2 mg/L NAA+1.2 mg/L IAA+35 g/L sucrose+7.5 g/L semi-fixed medium.The induction rate of adventitious roots in MS+0.6 mg/L TDZ+1.0 mg/L 6-BA+3 mg/L NAA+35 g/L sucrose+7.5 g/L semi-fixed medium was the highest, reaching 76%.Conclusion In the course of our research, we found that PGRs play an important role in the callus induction stage, and the effect of TDZ is particularly obvious; The callus cells grow and proliferate according to the "S" growth curve, and can be subcultured when the highest growth point is reached to maintain the rapid proliferation of the callus cells and to avoid inactivation of callus caused by tight niche.

scholarly journals Sterilization and Callus Formation of Rubber Meristem (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dwi Sucianingtyas Sukamto ◽  
Lila Maharani ◽  
Siti Amalia ◽  
Sholeh Avivi ◽  
Didik Pudji Restanto
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Hevea Brasiliensis ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Rubber Plantation ◽  
Sterile Water ◽  
Mass Propagation ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Embryonic Callus ◽  
Tissue Culture Techniques

Rubber plant (Hevea brasiliensis Muell Arg) is one of the important plantation commodities in Indonesia because of its role as a source of income. It stimulates the economic growth around the rubber plantation area. The propagation of rubber is still using conventional methods like grafting. The technique of tissue culture through callus induction is one of the alternatives of mass propagation of rubber seedling with quick and efficient time. The sterilization method is very important to determine the success of tissue culture techniques. Therefore, the aim of this research is to know the best method of sterilization and callus formation in rubber explants. The basic media used were WPM and MS, with BAP of 2 ppm and NAA 0.1 ppm. The best result of sterilization is by soaking 5% fungicide solution for 5 minutes, 5% Clorox solution for 15 minutes, betadin 10% solution for 5 minutes, and finally it rinsed with sterile water three times. The best medium uses WPM medium for callus induction, with 0.5 cm callus length and embryonic callus. In contrast, the MS medium has 0.4 cm callus length and non embryonic callus.

scholarly journals Establishment of Tissue Culture System of Actinidia deliciosa Cultivar “Guichang”

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Weimin Zhong ◽  
Junliang Zhou ◽  
Dongmei Tang ◽  
Yaxin Huang ◽  
Futao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Leaf Roll ◽  
Actinidia Deliciosa ◽  
Adventitious Bud ◽  
Stem Segment ◽  
Rapid Propagation ◽  
Bud Induction ◽  
Cherry Leaf Roll Virus ◽  
Tissue Culture Plantlets

In order to breed virus-free plantlets of the kiwifruit cultivar “Guichang,” which belongs to Actinidia deliciosa, in this study, stem segments with buds were used as explants, the establishment of a tissue culture rapid propagation system was carried out, and then the virus status of tissue culture plantlets was detected via the real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) method. The tissue culture rapid propagation system proved that the contamination and browning rates could be controlled below 20% and the survival rate could be exceeded by 70% when the single bud stem segment of “Guichang” kiwifruit was sterilized with 70% alcohol for 30–60 s and 15% NaClO for 15 min, respectively. Meanwhile, we screened the hormone concentration to get better results, and the appropriate medium for adventitious bud induction was MS + 6-BA (1.0 mg/L) + IBA (0.2 mg/L); for proliferation, it was MS + 6-BA (1.0 mg/L) + IBA (0.1 mg/L); and for rooting, it was 1/2 MS + IBA (0.3 mg/L), and the efficiency of induction, proliferation, and rooting could reach 74.07%, 79.63%, and 85.18%, respectively. In addition, the RT-qPCR results demonstrated that the infection rate of 9 viruses: apple stem grooving virus (ASGV), cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), Actinidia virus X (AVX), cucumber necrosis virus (CNV), ribgrass mosaic virus (RMV), citrus leaf blotch virus (CLBV), Actinidia virus B (AcVB), Pelargonium zonate spot virus (PZSV), and cherry leaf roll virus (CLRV) in the “Guichang” kiwifruit tissue culture plantlets was 0. This study could lay a foundation for the production of “Guichang” kiwifruit tissue culture seedlings, and the medium formula provided in this study was useful for the industrial rapid propagation of “Guichang” plantlets.

Effects of osmolality, cytokinin, and organic acids on pollen callus formation in Triticale anthers

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. C. Chien ◽  
K. N. Kao
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Benzyl Adenine ◽  
Growing Conditions

Triticale anthers with pollen at middle to late uninucleated stages were cultured individually in Falcon micro test II tissue culture plates. The results indicate that when the anthers were cultured in the same growing conditions the differences in pollen callus formation among anthers from the first and second florets in the same spikelet were not statistically significant, whereas the differences in callus formation among anthers from different spikes (or plants) were statistically significant. These results suggest that comparisons of treatment effects should be made between samples consisting of anthers from the same spikelet only. Benzyl adenine (BA) and higher osmolality enhanced pollen callus induction, while a higher concentration of organic acids suppressed it. Under optimal conditions 31% of anthers formed callus, while the number of pollen calli per 100 seeded anthers was as high as 130. The pollen calli were able to develop into plants; however, the frequency was relatively low.

Study on Tissue Culture of Sweet Broad Pea

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 5407-5410
Author(s):  
Hui Fang Chi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Adventitious Bud ◽  
Experimental Basis ◽  
Research Results

s. The cotyledons, Internodes, leaves and stems of sweet broad pea were studied on tissue culture. Research results show that: The ability of different explants for callus formation and adventitious bud differentiation in different culture medium is different. The callus formation rate and sprouting rate of Internodes is significantly higher than other explants, which is a ideal material for tissue culture. The callus formation rate of Internodes was 100% in MS +BA1.0 mg/L+NAA 1.0 mg/L and MS+ 2, 4-D 0.5 mg/L; The bud differentiation is best at the medium of MS+ 6-BA 2 mg/L, which reached 86.7%; the rooting rate was 83.3% at the medium of MS+ NAA 3mg/L. The study provides a experimental basis for further study on the plant regeneration in the sweet broad pea.

scholarly journals HISTOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF IN VITRO ADVENTITIOUS BUD DEVELOPMENT ON HYPOCOTYLS OF FRASER FIR

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1102a-1102
Author(s):  
Carole H. Saravitz ◽  
Frank A. Blazich ◽  
Henry V. Amerson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Adventitious Bud ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Abies Fraseri ◽  
Fraser Fir ◽  
Cell Clusters ◽  
Cell Divisions ◽  
Bud Induction

Hypocotyls of Fraser fir (Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir.) were excised from seeds germination 9 days and placed on bud induction medium containing 10 mg/liter benzyladenine (BA) and 0.01 mg/liter naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or medium without growth regulators. After 3 days on medium containing growth regulators, cell divisions were localized in epidermal and subepidermal layers of the hypocotyl while similar cell divisions were not observed in control-treated hypocotyls. Cell clusters consisting of two to five cells were present after 7 days in hypocotyls placed on bud induction medium. In control-treated hypocotyls, stomata continued to develop and cells within the cortex became vacuolated during the first 2 weeks in culture. All hypocotyls were transferred to secondary medium after 3 weeks. Cell clusters continued to enlarge into meristemoids in hypocotyls initially placed on bud induction medium. Gradually, meristemoids developed into buds and cataphylls were observed covering bud meristems.

scholarly journals CALLUS FORMATION AND PLANT REGENERATION FROM IMMATURE EMBRYOS OF PIGMENTED UPLAND RICE (Oryza sativa cv. Tadong)

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 91-100
Author(s):  
Hoo Kah Yan ◽  
Lee Ping Chin ◽  
Mariam A. Latip ◽  
Noumie Surugau ◽  
Zaleha A. Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Regeneration ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Immature Embryos ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Improvement Programs ◽  
Rice Improvement

  The application of biotechnology in upland rice improvement programs depends on the availability of efficient regeneration protocols.  Although protocols for shoot regeneration of upland rice are available, none has been reported for pigmented cultivars.  This study reports on a protocol for callus induction and regeneration of Tadong, a pigmented upland rice cultivar from Sabah.  For callus induction, immature embryos were cultured on media containing 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic (2,4-D) at various concentrations (0 – 2.5 mg/L) and on different types of media (MS; MSB5; N6B5; N6).  To induce shoot regeneration, callus explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with combinations of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP) at various concentrations (0 – 3.0 mg/L) and 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at 1.0 mg/L.  To induce shoot development, callus explants were pre-treated with Thidiazuron (TDZ) at various concentrations (0-1.0 mg/l) and exposed to different desiccation periods (0 – 72 hours).  2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic at 2.5 mg/L and N6B5 medium resulted in the highest percentages of explant forming callus which were 60.3 ± 17.0 % and 58.7 ± 9.8 % respectively.   The regeneration media failed to induce shoot on callus explants, instead, green spots were formed on the surface of the callus.  The green spots were stimulated to develop into shoots when the callus explants were pre-treated with 0.5 mg/L TDZ or exposed to partial desiccation for 24 h, the percentages of explant forming shoot were 35.7 ± 4.8 % and 47.7 ± 6.8 % respectively.   Shoots developed into complete plants on hormone-free MS medium and acclimatized.

scholarly journals Establishment of Tissue Culture Regeneration System for Medicago ruthenica L. cv. ‘Zhilixing’

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Xu ◽  
Rina Wu ◽  
Cuiping Gao ◽  
Fengling Shi
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Regeneration System ◽  
Medicago Ruthenica ◽  
Rooting Medium ◽  
Drought And Salt Tolerance

Background: Medicago ruthenica L. ‘Zhilixing’ is a new variety with superior forage and seed yield compared to the wild type. The cold, drought and salt tolerance of Zhlixing are better than those of alfalfa, suggesting that this variety can serve as a high-quality genetic resource for improving the stress resistance of alfalfa. However, because of the lack of tissue culture regeneration system, it is difficult to perform genetic transformation studies on stress resistance genes. This study aimed to establish an efficient tissue culture regeneration system for Zhilixing variety. Methods: Three types of explants were selected and tested on four types of basal media supplemented with different combinations of auxin and cytokinin for callus induction and differentiation, based on orthogonal tests to select the combinations of auxin and cytokinin suitable for callus induction and differentiation. Two-factor combination method was used to formulate a suitable rooting medium. Result: The hypocotyledonary axis was found to be an excellent explant for callus induction on MS medium. The optimum callus induction medium contained thidiazuron (TDZ, 0.5 mg/L), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D, 1.0 mg/L) and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA, 0.5 mg/L) where the callus induction rate was 93.33%. The differentiation medium was supplemented with TDZ (0.75 mg/L), 2,4-D (0.25 mg/L) and 6-benzyladenine (6-BA, 1.5 mg/L) where the differentiation rate was 63.33%. Thidiazuron played the key role in both processes of callus induction and differentiation. Half-strength MS containing 0.1 mg/L of NAA was the most efficient rooting medium.

scholarly journals New Basal Media for Protocorm-Like Body and Callus Induction of Hybrid Cymbidium

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime A. Teixeira da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Callus Induction ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Control Medium ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Basal Media ◽  
Bacto Agar

Abstract High frequency protocorm-like body (PLB) production from hybrid Cymbidium Twilight Moon ‘Day Light’ has been developed through a new medium, Teixeira Cymbidium (TC) medium. Two new TC media containing variable amounts of macroand micronutrients and other additives, inspired by Winarto and Teixeira (WT) medium for Anthurium and Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium were used to induce PLBs and callus. Control medium was research- and industry-standard Vacin and Went (VW) medium. The first TC medium, TCPLB, could induce significantly more PLBs than on VW while high levels of macronutrients in the second TC medium, TCCALLUS, and MS were required to induce callus. All PLB induction media contained 0.1 mg/l α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 0.1 mg/l kinetin (KIN), 2 g/l tryptone and 20 g/l sucrose, and solidified with 8 g/l Bacto agar while callusinduction media were identical, except that KIN was substituted by thidiazuron (TDZ). Basal medium had a significant effect on PLB and callus formation. This protocol could be used to induce PLBs and callus from other Cymbidium species or cultivars.

Explant, Medium and Plant Growth Regulator (PGR) Affect Induction and Proliferation of Callus in Abies koreana

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1388
Author(s):  
Ge Guo ◽  
Byoung-Ryong Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Basic Medium ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Stem Segment ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Abies Koreana ◽  
Callus Proliferation ◽  
Stem Segments

Korean fir (Abies koreana E.H. Wilson) is a unique Pinaceae tree species endemic in Korea. In recent years, it is believed that climate change has caused many of them to die. Therefore, it has become extremely important to protect and preserve this tree species. In this study, the possibility of callus induction using different explants, media, and plant growth regulators (PGRs) was studied. After the dormancy period in May 2020, needles and stem segments that grew from the leaf buds as the explants were collected from one-year-old shoots. The explants were disinfected and subsequently transferred to culture media supplemented with different combinations of auxins and cytokinins. These explants were cultured in the dark in a culture room with a 16 h photoperiod, day/night temperature of 24/18 °C, and 80% relative humidity. After 8 weeks, significant differences were observed in the callus induction and proliferation, as affected by the explant type, basic medium, and PGR. The stem segments were more suitable as the explants for callus induction than needles were. Furthermore, fluffy calli suitable for differentiating the regeneration buds were observed on the calli induced from stem segments. The Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium was the most effective of the three media used in this study, namely MS, Douglas fir cotyledon revised (DCR), and Quoirin and Lepoivre (LP) media, with the highest callus induction ratio of stem segments being 100.0%. The highest fresh callus weight was also observed on the MS medium (819.3 mg). Moreover, the PGR combinations of α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) consistently exerted a positive influence on callus induction throughout this study. In addition, the advantages of these two kinds of PGR were reflected in callus proliferation. The callus proliferation ratio reached 1,147.6% as compared to the initial fresh weight, with a high concentration of 2,4-D (3.0 mg·L−1). In conclusion, the MS medium was optimal for callus induction on the stem segment explants, and 2,4-D promoted callus induction as well as an increased proliferation ratio of callus in A. koreana.

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