scholarly journals Preliminary Validation of Infant Sucking Measurement System with Healthy Term Infants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinhee Park ◽  
Luke A. D’Imperio ◽  
Aaron H. Rose ◽  
Elaina Parrillo ◽  
Suzanne M. Thoyre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Preliminary Validation ◽  
Breast Pump ◽  
Consistent Assessment ◽  
High Risk Infants ◽  
Intraoral Pressure

Abstract Background: Although various methods have been used to objectively evaluate an infant’s sucking behavior during breast- and bottle-feeding, variations in instruments and technologies currently employed make it difficult to compare findings across breast and bottle-feeding conditions. Therefore, we developed a new method, the Infant Sucking Measurement System (ISMS) that provides a consistent assessment of sucking across breast and bottle-feeding. The purpose of this study was to present preliminary findings of the feasibility and validity of the ISMS.Methods: In Phase 1, we examined the ability of the ISMS to differentiate different levels of negative pressure generated by an artificial sucking condition using a breast pump. In Phase 2, we tested the feasibility and validity of the ISMS with data obtained from four mothers and their healthy full-term infants (two bottle-feedings and two breastfeedings). Intraoral pressures were measured using the ISMS along with a video camera simultaneously recording the infant’s cheek movements. Mothers provided feedback for improvement of the ISMS design. Following each observation, the team reviewed the findings and refined the system; refinements were trialed with the next study. To test the validity of the ISMS, a one-minute period with the highest quality ISMS signal was selected from each feeding to examine the synchrony between ISMS intraoral pressure measurements and coded cheek movements.Results: The ISMS differential pressures when low, medium, and high suction pressures were applied by a breast pump were 18.8, 29.6, and 40.3 kPa, respectively. The agreement between direct observation of sucking and ISMS data was high (mean: 90.6%, range: 84.6-100%). With a series of modifications, we found that the ISMS was a feasible method of reliably measuring intraoral pressure during breast-feeding; however, further testing is necessary to optimize methods of securing the catheter to the bottle nipple.Conclusions: Preliminary data support the validity of the ISMS for identifying sucks and quantifying intraoral pressure generated by sucks in both breast and bottle-feeding. Although further modifications are needed to improve the attachment of the device to the bottle nipple, our initial results support further investigation of the ISMS for use in high-risk infants to evaluate sucking behaviors.

119 Communicating Sensitive Information - An Exploration of Parental Perspectives on Prognostication of High Risk Infants

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. e85-e85
Author(s):  
Emily Fong ◽  
Ronit Mesterman
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Neurocognitive Deficits ◽  
Biological Father ◽  
Perinatal Medicine ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Neurologic Recovery ◽  
High Risk Infants

Abstract Primary Subject area Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine Background Preterm infants are at high risk of experiencing a range of impairments that may contribute to long-term challenges such as neurocognitive deficits. Physicians are often expected to give an outlook on future developmental outcomes of high-risk infants, often before sufficient time has elapsed to observe whether that particular child will demonstrate neurologic recovery from the initial injury. Clinicians often struggle with communicating this information, especially a poor prognosis, because of the worry about how these conversations affect families and their future expectations of the child. Objectives Our aim was to capture parents' retrospective perceptions of how their infant’s prognosis was communicated to them during their NICU stay. Design/Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted over the phone with parents of former preterm infants with a birthweight below 1500 grams or parents of term infants who have sustained HIE requiring cooling. Parents were invited to participate when their child was between 12-36 months old at the time of the interview, so that parents would be able to have a sense of their child’s development and possible impairments. The data was analyzed thematically, with particular focus around the discourse of communication and prognostication. Results Twenty-three interviews were conducted: 20 with the biological mother, two with both biological parents, and one with the biological father. The average length of the interviews was 30 minutes. The main themes that recurred in the interviews included parental loss of control, needing to prepare for the unexpected, the value of shared decision making between the health care practitioners and parents, recognition and conveyance of uncertainty by the physician, and the importance of celebrating the present. Above all, a recurring theme mentioned by the majority of interviewees was the power of hope. While wanting to receive transparent and honest updates, parents felt strongly that giving them realistic hope was of utmost importance. Conclusion Although clinicians often feel pressured to deliver answers, parents found it helpful when clinicians acknowledged and explained the uncertainty that surrounds prognostication. While healthcare providers may feel the need to prepare parents for the worst, the importance of balancing this information with hope and positivity is what families remember and value years after the prognosis was given.

scholarly journals Trail Conditions and Community Use: Utilizing Geospatial Video to Guide the Adoption of a Spatial-Temporal Trail Audit Tool (STAT)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8741
Author(s):  
Carissa Smock ◽  
Naomi Carlson ◽  
Chelsey Kirkland
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Composite Score ◽  
Audit Tool ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Spatial Video

Physical activity (PA), associated with all-cause mortality, morbidity, and healthcare costs, improves vitamin D absorption, immune response, and stress when completed outdoors. Rural communities, which experience PA inequities, rely on trails to meet PA guidelines. However, current trail audit methods could be more efficient and accurate, which geospatial video may support. Therefore, the study purpose was (1) to identify and adopt validated instruments for trail audit evaluations using geospatial video and a composite score and (2) to determine if geospatial video and a composite score motivate (influence the decision to use) specific trail selection among current trail users. Phase 1 used a mixed-method exploratory sequential core design using qualitative data, then quantitative data for the development of the Spatial-temporal Trail Audit Tool (STAT). Geospatial videos of two Northeast Ohio trails were collected using a bicycle-mounted spatial video camera and video analysis software. The creation of STAT was integrated from Neighborhood Environment Walkability Scale (NEWS), Walk Score, and Path Environment Audit Tool (PEAT) audit tools based on four constructs: trail accessibility, conditions, amenities, and safety. Scoring was determined by three independent reviewers. Phase 2 included a mixed-method convergent core design to test the applicability of STAT for trail participant motivation. STAT has 20 items in 4 content areas computing a composite score and was found to increase trail quality and motivation for use. STAT can evaluate trails for PA using geospatial video and a composite score which may spur PA through increased motivation to select and use trails.

Nutritive and non-nutritive sucking patterns associated with pacifier use and bottle-feeding in full-term infants

2019 ◽  
Vol 132 ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christyann L.C. Batista ◽  
Vandilson P. Rodrigues ◽  
Valdinar S. Ribeiro ◽  
Maria D.S.B. Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Full Term ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Nutritive Sucking ◽  
Pacifier Use

The SCATMES Device for Measurement of Concentrated Solar Radiation

1999 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Neumann ◽  
A. Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Flux Distribution ◽  
Optical Design ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Solar Furnace ◽  
Camera Systems ◽  
Measurement Principle ◽  
Concentrated Solar Radiation ◽  
Compact Geometry

Video camera systems monitoring a diffuse reflecting target for measuring the flux distribution of concentrated solar radiation are quite common. This technique cannot be used if parts of the experimental setup screen the surface of the target. The development of a new measurement system with a compact geometry and a new optical design is described. With this system it is possible to measure the flux distribution behind parts of an experiment and at any position of the plane of measurement, without any alteration of the setup. The sources of error, especially those of the target and the camera, are described and discussed, and finally a comparison to the existing FATMES-System, which has been performed at the solar furnace of the DLR in Cologne, is presented. Due to its measurement principle the new system is called ’Scanning Camera and Target Measurement System‘ (acronym: SCATMES).

“Womb” Literacy: Reading to Infants in the NICU

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martha Wilson Jones ◽  
Donna Englestad
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Medical Needs ◽  
Iq Scores ◽  
Repeating A Grade ◽  
High Risk Infants

PROMOTING LITERACY IS NOT generally one of the top priorities in the care of high-risk infants in the NICU. Basic survival and tending to medical needs are obviously the most pressing concerns. However, we know from various studies that high-risk infants are at greater risk for less-than-optimal cognitive outcomes.1–3 For example, preterm infants are at greater risk than term infants for lower overall IQ scores, repeating a grade, and failing to graduate from high school.1,2 Interventions to improve the academic achievement of children are most effective when begun in the preschool years.4

scholarly journals Conversion of Video Surveillance System into Measurement System based on Video Camera

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 400-404
Keyword(s):  
Video Surveillance ◽  
Measurement System ◽  
Surveillance System ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Video Camera ◽  
Video Surveillance System ◽  
Video Cameras ◽  
Measurement Systems ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

This work reviews measurement systems applied for static and dynamic detection of object coordinates as well as acquiring information of their position at various distances. The market of measurement systems based on video cameras has been analyzed. Their classification is presented, fields of application are described, advantages and disadvantages are summarized for each type of measurement systems. In addition, it has been revealed that the frequency and extent of measurement errors depend not only on the quality on system components but also on numerous other factors, such as light flare, microvibrations, thermal expansion, etc. The review of measurement systems is necessary for determination of the most efficient method of conversion of video surveillance system into measurement system.

scholarly journals Bottle-Feeding Challenges in Preterm-Born Infants in the First 7 Months of Life

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 2333794X2095268
Author(s):  
Rebecca R. Hill ◽  
Jinhee Park ◽  
Britt F. Pados
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Very Preterm Infants ◽  
Preterm Born

Preterm infants frequently experience oral feeding challenges while in the neonatal intensive care unit, with research focusing on infant feeding during this hospital stay. There is little data on symptoms of problematic feeding in preterm-born infants in the months after discharge. The purpose of this study was to describe symptoms of problematic bottle-feeding in the first 7 months of life in infants born preterm, compared to full-term infants. Parents of infants less than 7 months old completed an online survey that included the Neonatal Eating Assessment Tool—Bottle-feeding and questions about the infant’s medical and feeding history. General linear models were used to evaluate differences in NeoEAT—Bottle-feeding total score and subscale scores by preterm category, considering other significant factors. Very preterm infants had more symptoms of problematic bottle-feeding than other infants. Current age, presence of gastroesophageal reflux, and anomalies of the face/mouth were associated with problematic bottle-feeding.

Role of umbilical interleukin-6, procalcitonin and C-reactive protein measurement in the dia gnosis of fetal inflammatory response syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Zbyněk Straňák ◽  
◽  
Ivan Berka ◽  
Jan Širc ◽  
Jan Urbánek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
High Risk Infants ◽  
Fetal Inflammatory Response

Overview Objective: Fetal Inflammatory Response Syndrome (FIRS) is a serious complication accompanied by increased neonatal mortality and morbidity. Early dia­gnosis of FIRS is essential to detect high risk infants. The aim of the study was to evaluate the correlation between interleukin-6 
(IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP) in cord blood and histologically proven funisitis/ chorioamnionitis in high-risk infants after preterm birth. Methods: Blood sampling for the measurement of inflammatory bio­markers was performed immediately after placental delivery and umbilical cutting. Umbilical and placental inflammatory changes were assessed using a recently released scoring system (Amsterdam Placental Workshop Group Consensus). Results: One hundred preterm infants (30.5 ± 2.5 gestational week, birth weight 1,443 ± 566 grams) and 21 health term infants were analyzed. Histologic chorioamnionitis was confirmed in 19% cases and chorioamnionitis with funisitis in 7% cases. Thirty-three infants (33%) fulfilled criteria of FIRS (funistis and/ or umbilical IL-6 > 11 ng/ L). The presence of FIRS correlated significantly with maternal leukocytosis (P < 0.001), preterm premature rupture of membrane (P < 0.001) and preterm uterine contraction (P < 0.0001). In comparison to preterm and healthy term infants we found statistically significant higher levels of umbilical inflammatory bio­markers (IL-6, PCT, CRP) in FIRS group (P < 0.0001). Composite mortality and morbidity (bronchopulmonary dysplasia, intraventricular haemorrhage, periventricular leukomalacia) was higher in FIRS group (28.1 vs 22.4% in preterm group). However, the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.53). Conclusion: Our study confirmed the correlation of umbilical inflammatory bio­markers levels (IL-6, PCT, CRP) and the presence of FIRS. We did not find significant adverse impact of FIRS on neonatal mortality and morbidity. Nevertheless, our results could be influenced by the size of study group and strict inclusion criteria (only cases after C-section were analyzed). Keywords: fetal inflammatory response syndrome – neonatal mortality – morbidity – interleukin-6 – C-reactive protein – procalcitonin – chorioamnionitis and funisitis

Child health promotion

2020 ◽  
pp. 151-256
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Toilet Training ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Special Educational Needs ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Looked After Children

The Children Act (2004) places a responsibility on health practitioners to work together to help a child be healthy, stay safe, enjoy and achieve, make a positive contribution, and achieve economic well-being. This chapter covers the assessment of children, screening tests for vision and hearing, the immunization schedule, and accident prevention. It includes information for working with parents, providing support to new parents, and new birth visits. It then covers pre-term infants, new babies (including twins and multiple births), breast and bottle feeding, and weaning. Growth and development milestones are explained for different age ranges. The promotion of development, toilet training, good food habits, speech and language acquisition, and communication are all covered. The chapter also covers puberty and adolescence, health promotion in schools, sex and relationship education, and child and adolescent mental health. Separately, the care of children with complex health needs, disabilities, and special educational needs is described. Safeguarding children, identifying at-risk individuals, child protection processes, and the care of looked-after children are all included.

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