scholarly journals Lessons and Challenges to be learned from different countries policy implication on COVID 19 recovery cases- A cross-sectional descriptive study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAIYA PATEL
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Poisson Model ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Policy Decision Making ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background- The need to quantify the non-pharmaceutical measures in policy decision making is essential in current uncertain times of pandemic. The purpose of the current study is to quantify the relationship between Social Distancing measures and the Total number of tests performed with the Total number of recovered cases across 23 countries around the world, currently struck by COVID-19 pandemic.Methods- The cross-sectional descriptive study utilized STATA 16. for Poisson Model analysis using data collected across 23 countries. The statistical databases Statista, WHO situation reports, CDC website, respective country health ministry websites, and World Bank data was utilized to collected the lacking data details regarding COVID-19. The WHO regions/23 countries included in analysis are Republic of Korea, Japan, Australia, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, India, United States of America, Canada, Italy,Germany,United Kingdom,France,Austria,Croatia,Israel,Russian Federation,Spain,Belgium,Finland,Sweden,Switzerland,Iran (Islamic Republic of). The variables included in analysis are The factorial analysis of categorical data is included to quantify the levels of social distancing measures and its effect on the total number of recovered cases until April 2nd, 2020. Results- There exists a positive relationship between the improved number of recovered infected cases, and Social distancing measures of lockdown, the total number of tests performed depending on the stage at which it is completed. The availability of total medical doctors in each country affects the number of recovered cases in that particular country. Conclusion- Future studies might use it as a foundation for evaluation modeling in public health for policy decision making.

‘Bending the Rules’: The Space between HQ Policy and Local Action in UN Civilian Peacekeeping

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 293-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Felix da Costa ◽  
John Karlsrud
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Institutional Policy ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
The Social ◽  
Policy Decision Making ◽  
The Relationship

Recent literature has argued that a ‘dominant peacebuilding culture’ has precluded the contextualisation of peacebuilding to local dynamics. The article explores the ‘peacekeeping-peacebuilding nexus’ in practice, where civilian peacekeepers are increasingly considered to be early peacebuilders. Drawing on examples from United Nations (UN) civilian peacekeeping involvement in local peacebuilding in South Sudan, this article argues for a less reductionist and more nuanced view of local peacebuilding and the social interactions and dynamics which take place. It recognises the discrepancies between official UN Headquarters (HQ) policy and action in the “field”, and thus explores the relationship between policy and practice and the location of agency and authority in civilian peacekeeping. The article argues that the critique levelled against peacekeeping and peacebuilding for being focused on actors in host country capitals does not sufficiently take into consideration the relationship between capitals and the “field”. Rather, local peacebuilding outcomes depend as much or more on negotiations, bargains and compromises between different actors at the “field” level, than on institutional policy decision-making deriving from headquarters.

scholarly journals Heuristics and Public Policy: Decision-making Under Bounded Rationality

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjit Dhami ◽  
Ali al-Nowaihi ◽  
Cass R. Sunstein
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Bounded Rationality ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Knightian Uncertainty ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Subjective Uncertainty ◽  
Policy Decision Making ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Jel Classifications ◽  
Bayesian Rationality

How do human beings make decisions when, as the evidence indicates, the assumptions of the Bayesian rationality approach in economics do not hold? Do human beings optimize, or can they? Several decades of research have shown that people possess a toolkit of heuristics to make decisions under certainty, risk, subjective uncertainty, and true uncertainty (or Knightian uncertainty). We outline recent advances in knowledge about the use of heuristics and departures from Bayesian rationality, with particular emphasis on growing formalization of those departures, which add necessary precision. We also explore the relationship between bounded rationality and libertarian paternalism, or nudges, and show that some recent objections, founded on psychological work on the usefulness of certain heuristics, are based on serious misunderstandings. JEL classifications: D01, D04, D81, D9

scholarly journals Network meta-analysis of interventions to prevent person-to-person transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bhavani Shankara Bagepally ◽  
Rizwan S A ◽  
Manickam Ponnaiah
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Policy Decision Making ◽  
Set Up

The evidence on the relative ranking of effectiveness measures to prevent the SARS-CoV-2 spread from person to person is crucial for policy decision making. We have conducted the network meta-analysis by extending recent meta-analysis to delineate the relative effectiveness of different preventive measures. We observed properly used N95 respirator provides the best protection against SARS-CoV-2 in overall as well as healthcare set-up. In community settings, social distancing offers the best risk reduction against SARS-CoV-2.

Modeling Foreign Policy Decision Making

1970 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 136, 138
Author(s):  
RICHARD L. MERRITT
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Policy Decision Making

A CAS Approach to Public Policy Decision Making

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenda H. Eoyang ◽  
Lois Yellowthunder ◽  
Vic Ward
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Policy Decision Making
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