Fully automatic three-dimensional MRI analysis for the cartilage and meniscus of the knee: Kanagawa Knee Study

Abstract Objective We have developed a fully automatic three-dimensional MRI analysis software that measures the projected cartilage area ratio (PCAR) to allow for the quantification of the cartilage in the knee. Our objectives for this cross-sectional study were to verify our software’s accuracy and to quantify cartilage and meniscus extrusion. We also examined which cartilage quantification was most affected by age and analyzed the relationship between PCAR and meniscus extrusion. Methods 108 subjects were selected for training, and Dice similarity coefficients were determined from 5 other subjects. This study included 561 subjects between 30–70 years of age. From their knee MRI data, we quantified cartilage thickness, cartilage volume, and PCAR (0.0–1.5 mm) in four regions, including the medial tibial (MT) cartilage. Furthermore, each region was divided into nine subregions. The medial central (mc) subregion was also analyzed. As a quantification for meniscus extrusion, the medial meniscus coverage ratio (MMCR) was also investigated. Results Dice similarity coefficients were 0.911 and 0.892 for the femoral and tibial cartilage and 0.916 and 0.891 for the medial and lateral meniscus. Among 48 cartilage quantifications, the highest absolute value of the correlation coefficient with age was mcMT PCAR 1.0 mm in females and mcMT cartilage thickness in males. In females, mcMT PCAR 1.0 mm was correlated with MMCR, although MMCR was not correlated with age. In males, mcMT PCAR 0.0 mm was correlated with MMCR. Conclusions Our software showed high segmentation accuracy and provided numerous quantifications of cartilage related to age and meniscus extrusion.

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Fully automatic three-dimensional MRI analysis for the cartilage and meniscus of the knee: Kanagawa Knee Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-43802/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hayato Aoki ◽

Nobutake Ozeki ◽

Hisako Katano ◽

Akinobu Hyodo ◽

Yugo Miura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cartilage Volume ◽

Cartilage Thickness ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Similarity Coefficients ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Coverage Ratio ◽

Segmentation Accuracy ◽

Fully Automatic

Abstract ObjectiveWe have developed a fully automatic three-dimensional MRI analysis software that measures the projected cartilage area ratio (PCAR) to allow for the quantification of the cartilage in the knee. Our objectives were to verify our software’s accuracy for segmentation of cartilage and meniscus and to quantify cartilage and meniscus extrusion in our cross-sectional study. We also examined which cartilage quantification was most affected by age and analyzed the relationship between PCAR and meniscus extrusion.MethodsMRI data from 108 subjects were selected for training, and Dice similarity coefficients were determined from 5 other subjects to verify the accuracy. Our cross-sectional study included other 561 subjects between 30–70 years of age. We quantified cartilage thickness, cartilage volume, and PCAR (0.0–1.5 mm) in medial femoral, lateral femoral, medial tibial, and medial lateral regions. Each region was divided into nine subregions, with particular focus on the medial central (mc) subregion. The medial meniscus coverage ratio (MMCR) was investigated as a quantification for meniscus extrusion.ResultsDice similarity coefficients for cartilage and meniscus were both approximately 0.9. Among cartilage quantifications, the highest absolute value of the correlation coefficient with age was mcMT PCAR 1.0 mm in females and mcMT cartilage thickness in males. In females, mcMT PCAR 1.0 mm was correlated with MMCR, although MMCR was not correlated with age. In males, mcMT PCAR 0.0 mm was correlated with MMCR.ConclusionsOur software showed high segmentation accuracy and provided numerous quantifications of cartilage related to age and meniscus extrusion.Trial registration: UMIN, UMIN000032826. Registered 1 September 2018, https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000037299

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Relationship between medial meniscus extrusion and cartilage measurements in the knee by fully automatic three-dimensional MRI analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-43802/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hayato Aoki ◽

Nobutake Ozeki ◽

Hisako Katano ◽

Akinobu Hyodo ◽

Yugo Miura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medial Meniscus ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Cartilage Thickness ◽

Similarity Coefficients ◽

Tibial Cartilage ◽

Fully Automatic ◽

The Relationship ◽

Medial Meniscus Extrusion ◽

Meniscus Extrusion ◽

And Cartilage

Abstract BackgroundWe developed a fully automatic three-dimensional knee MRI analysis software that can quantify meniscus extrusion and cartilage measurements, including the projected cartilage area ratio (PCAR), which represents the ratio of the subject’s actual cartilage area to their ideal cartilage area. We also collected 3D MRI knee data from 561 volunteers (aged 30–79 years) from the “Kanagawa Knee Study.” Our purposes were to verify the accuracy of the software for automatic cartilage and meniscus segmentation using knee MRI and to examine the relationship between medial meniscus extrusion measurements and cartilage measurements from Kanagawa Knee Study data.MethodsWe constructed a neural network for the software by randomly choosing 10 healthy volunteers and 103 patients with knee pain. We validated the algorithm by randomly selecting 108 of these 113 subjects for training, and determined Dice similarity coefficients from five other subjects. We constructed a neural network using all data (113 subjects) for training. Cartilage thickness, cartilage volume, and PCAR in the medial femoral, lateral femoral, medial tibial, and lateral tibial regions were quantified by using the trained software on Kanagawa Knee Study data and their relationship with subject height was investigated. We also quantified the medial meniscus coverage ratio (MMCR), defined as the ratio of the overlapping area between the medial meniscus area and the medial tibial cartilage area to the medial tibial cartilage area. Finally, we examined the relationship between MMCR and PCAR at middle central medial tibial (mcMT) subregion located in the center of nine subregions in the medial tibial cartilage.ResultsDice similarity coefficients for cartilage and meniscus were both approximately 0.9. The femoral and tibial cartilage thickness and volume at each region correlated with height, but PCAR did not correlate with height in most settings. PCAR at the mcMT was significantly correlated with MMCR.ConclusionsOur software showed high segmentation accuracy for the knee cartilage and meniscus. PCAR was more useful than cartilage thickness or volume since it was less affected by height. A relationship was observed between the medial tibial cartilage measurements and the medial meniscus extrusion measurement in our cross-sectional study.Trial registration: UMIN, UMIN000032826; 1 September 2018,https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000037299

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The Association between Dietary Magnesium Intake and Magnetic Resonance Parameters for Knee Osteoarthritis

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11061387 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1387 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nicola Veronese ◽

Luciana La Tegola ◽

Maria Gabriella Caruso ◽

Stefania Maggi ◽

Giuseppe Guglielmi

Keyword(s):

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cartilage Volume ◽

Cartilage Thickness ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Knee Oa ◽

Dietary Magnesium ◽

Magnetic Resonance Parameters ◽

Osteoarthritis Initiative

The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between dietary magnesium (Mg) intake and prevalence of knee osteoarthritis (OA), a topic poorly explored in the literature. Overall, 783 people participating in the Osteoarthritis Initiative (59.8% females; mean age: 62.3 years) and having an MRI assessment were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Mg intake was measured with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and its association with knee OA was evaluated for an increased intake of 100 mg/day. Using an adjusted linear regression analysis, a higher Mg intake (i.e., increase of 100 mg/day) corresponded to a significant increase in mean cartilage thickness, cartilage volume at medial tibia, cartilage volume and mean cartilage thickness at central medial femur, and cartilage volume and mean cartilage thickness in the central medial tibiofemoral compartment. In conclusion, an increased Mg dietary intake is associated with a better knee cartilage architecture, also when adjusting for potential confounders, suggesting a potential role of Mg in the prevention and treatment of knee OA.

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Relationship between medial meniscus extrusion and cartilage measurements in the knee by fully automatic three-dimensional MRI analysis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-43802/v3 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hayato Aoki ◽

Nobutake Ozeki ◽

Hisako Katano ◽

Akinobu Hyodo ◽

Yugo Miura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medial Meniscus ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Study Data ◽

Cartilage Thickness ◽

Similarity Coefficients ◽

Tibial Cartilage ◽

The Relationship ◽

Medial Meniscus Extrusion ◽

Meniscus Extrusion ◽

And Cartilage

Abstract Background: We developed a fully automatic three-dimensional knee MRI analysis software that can quantify meniscus extrusion and cartilage measurements, including the projected cartilage area ratio (PCAR), which represents the ratio of the subject’s actual cartilage area to their ideal cartilage area. We also collected 3D MRI knee data from 561 volunteers (aged 30–79 years) from the “Kanagawa Knee Study.” Our purposes were to verify the accuracy of the software for automatic cartilage and meniscus segmentation using knee MRI and to examine the relationship between medial meniscus extrusion measurements and cartilage measurements from Kanagawa Knee Study data. Methods: We constructed a neural network for the software by randomly choosing 10 healthy volunteers and 103 patients with knee pain. We validated the algorithm by randomly selecting 108 of these 113 subjects for training, and determined Dice similarity coefficients from five other subjects. We constructed a neural network using all data (113 subjects) for training. Cartilage thickness, cartilage volume, and PCAR in the medial femoral, lateral femoral, medial tibial, and lateral tibial regions were quantified by using the trained software on Kanagawa Knee Study data and their relationship with subject height was investigated. We also quantified the medial meniscus coverage ratio (MMCR), defined as the ratio of the overlapping area between the medial meniscus area and the medial tibial cartilage area to the medial tibial cartilage area. Finally, we examined the relationship between MMCR and PCAR at middle central medial tibial (mcMT) subregion located in the center of nine subregions in the medial tibial cartilage. Results: Dice similarity coefficients for cartilage and meniscus were both approximately 0.9. The femoral and tibial cartilage thickness and volume at each region correlated with height, but PCAR did not correlate with height in most settings. PCAR at the mcMT was significantly correlated with MMCR. Conclusions: Our software showed high segmentation accuracy for the knee cartilage and meniscus. PCAR was more useful than cartilage thickness or volume since it was less affected by height. A relationship was observed between the medial tibial cartilage measurements and the medial meniscus extrusion measurement in our cross-sectional study.

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Relationship between medial meniscus extrusion and cartilage measurements in the knee by fully automatic three-dimensional MRI analysis

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12891-020-03768-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hayato Aoki ◽

Nobutake Ozeki ◽

Hisako Katano ◽

Akinobu Hyodo ◽

Yugo Miura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medial Meniscus ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Study Data ◽

Cartilage Thickness ◽

Similarity Coefficients ◽

Tibial Cartilage ◽

The Relationship ◽

Medial Meniscus Extrusion ◽

Meniscus Extrusion ◽

And Cartilage

Abstract Background We developed a fully automatic three-dimensional knee MRI analysis software that can quantify meniscus extrusion and cartilage measurements, including the projected cartilage area ratio (PCAR), which represents the ratio of the subject’s actual cartilage area to their ideal cartilage area. We also collected 3D MRI knee data from 561 volunteers (aged 30–79 years) from the “Kanagawa Knee Study.” Our purposes were to verify the accuracy of the software for automatic cartilage and meniscus segmentation using knee MRI and to examine the relationship between medial meniscus extrusion measurements and cartilage measurements from Kanagawa Knee Study data. Methods We constructed a neural network for the software by randomly choosing 10 healthy volunteers and 103 patients with knee pain. We validated the algorithm by randomly selecting 108 of these 113 subjects for training, and determined Dice similarity coefficients from five other subjects. We constructed a neural network using all data (113 subjects) for training. Cartilage thickness, cartilage volume, and PCAR in the medial femoral, lateral femoral, medial tibial, and lateral tibial regions were quantified by using the trained software on Kanagawa Knee Study data and their relationship with subject height was investigated. We also quantified the medial meniscus coverage ratio (MMCR), defined as the ratio of the overlapping area between the medial meniscus area and the medial tibial cartilage area to the medial tibial cartilage area. Finally, we examined the relationship between MMCR and PCAR at middle central medial tibial (mcMT) subregion located in the center of nine subregions in the medial tibial cartilage. Results Dice similarity coefficients for cartilage and meniscus were both approximately 0.9. The femoral and tibial cartilage thickness and volume at each region correlated with height, but PCAR did not correlate with height in most settings. PCAR at the mcMT was significantly correlated with MMCR. Conclusions Our software showed high segmentation accuracy for the knee cartilage and meniscus. PCAR was more useful than cartilage thickness or volume since it was less affected by height. Relations ips were observed between the medial tibial cartilage measurements and the medial meniscus extrusion measurements in our cross-sectional study. Trial registration UMIN, UMIN000032826; 1 September 2018,

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In-House, Open-Source 3D-Software-Based, CAD/CAM-Planned Mandibular Reconstructions in 20 Consecutive Free Fibula Flap Cases: An Explorative Cross-Sectional Study With Three-Dimensional Performance Analysis

Frontiers in Oncology ◽

10.3389/fonc.2021.731336 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Lucas M. Ritschl ◽

Paul Kilbertus ◽

Florian D. Grill ◽

Matthias Schwarz ◽

Jochen Weitz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Open Source ◽

Dimensional Analysis ◽

Open Source Software ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Free Fibula Flap ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Cad Cam ◽

Free Fibula

BackgroundMandibular reconstruction is conventionally performed freehand, CAD/CAM-assisted, or by using partially adjustable resection aids. CAD/CAM-assisted reconstructions are usually done in cooperation with osteosynthesis manufacturers, which entails additional costs and longer lead time. The purpose of this study is to analyze an in-house, open-source software-based solution for virtual planning.Methods and MaterialsAll consecutive cases between January 2019 and April 2021 that underwent in-house, software-based (Blender) mandibular reconstruction with a free fibula flap (FFF) were included in this cross-sectional study. The pre- and postoperative Digital Imaging and Com munications in Medicine (DICOM) data were converted to standard tessellation language (STL) files. In addition to documenting general information (sex, age, indication for surgery, extent of resection, number of segments, duration of surgery, and ischemia time), conventional measurements and three-dimensional analysis methods (root mean square error [RMSE], mean surface distance [MSD], and Hausdorff distance [HD]) were used.ResultsTwenty consecutive cases were enrolled. Three-dimensional analysis of preoperative and virtually planned neomandibula models was associated with a median RMSE of 1.4 (0.4–7.2), MSD of 0.3 (-0.1–2.9), and HD of 0.7 (0.1–3.1). Three-dimensional comparison of preoperative and postoperative models showed a median RMSE of 2.2 (1.5–11.1), MSD of 0.5 (-0.6–6.1), and HD of 1.5 (1.1–6.5) and the differences were significantly different for RMSE (p < 0.001) and HD (p < 0.001). The difference was not significantly different for MSD (p = 0.554). Three-dimensional analysis of virtual and postoperative models had a median RMSE of 2.3 (1.3–10.7), MSD of -0.1 (-1.0–5.6), and HD of 1.7 (0.1–5.9).ConclusionsOpen-source software-based in-house planning is a feasible, inexpensive, and fast method that enables accurate reconstructions. Additionally, it is excellent for teaching purposes.

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Discrepancy in the physical dimensions of nose and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) interface: a possible reason for high rates of nasal injury in Indian neonates

BMJ Innovations ◽

10.1136/bmjinnov-2019-000372 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 33-39

Author(s):

Jagjit Singh Dalal ◽

Sanketh Kumar Ajmera ◽

Kanika Prajapat ◽

Tanushree Sahoo ◽

Chander Prakash Yadav ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ◽

Airway Pressure ◽

Neonatal Intensive Care ◽

Positive Airway Pressure ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

High Rate ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Weight Category ◽

Nasal Injury

BackgroundProperly fitting continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) interface is critical to the efficacy and safety of nasal CPAP therapy in preterm. Unfortunately, there is a perception that CPAP interfaces being used in Indian neonatal intensive care units do not fit well and cause a high rate of nasal injury.ObjectivesTo determine the nasal anthropometric dimensions in preterm (<35 weeks) Indian neonates and compare them with those of commercially available CPAP interfaces.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, relevant anterior nasal parameters were measured by three dimensional imaging in 32 preterm newborn (26+0–34+6 weeks) and compared with commercially available 17 short binasal CPAP prongs of multiple sizes made by five manufacturers. Dimensions for best-suited interfaces were generated for Indian neonates.ResultsThe mean (SD) gestation and birth weight of enrolled neonates were 30.6 (3.0) weeks and 1338 (575) g, respectively. The inter prong distance was narrower than the upper bound of the 95% CI of the columellar width in Hudson type CPAP interfaces in <1250 g weight category with discrepancy in measurement varying from 0.2 to 0.5 mm and 0.9–1.4 mm at midpoint and base of columella, respectively. Similarly, the lower bound of 95% CI of the distance between the lateral walls of the nostrils was narrower than the width of the prongs by 1–3 mm.ConclusionsThere is mismatch between nasal prongs and nose dimension of Indian neonates resulting in possible erosion of columella and distension of nostrils.

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Taurodontism and Van der Woude Syndrome

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/081707-384.1 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 78 (5) ◽

pp. 832-837 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Hiroyuki Nawa ◽

Snehlata Oberoi ◽

Karin Vargervik

Keyword(s):

Clinical Sample ◽

Cone Beam Ct ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Panoramic Radiograph ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Linear Measurements ◽

Van Der Woude Syndrome ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Mandibular First Molar

Abstract Objective: To report the occurrence of taurodontism in a clinical sample of Van der Woude syndrome (VWS) and describe its association with hypodontia and cleft type. Materials and Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out on chart reviews and radiographs of 13 persons with VWS. Mean age was 10 years 11 months ± 1 year 5 months. Panoramic radiographs were used to confirm the presence or absence of teeth and to measure crown body and root lengths of mandibular first molars. Three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography (CT) scans were available on two persons with VWS. Both volumetric and linear measurements were obtained. Results: The occurrence of taurodontism of the mandibular first molar was 35%: 27% hypodont and 8% mesodont. Of the 13 subjects with VWS, 6 (4 males and 2 females) had at least one tooth identified with taurodontism. Half of the cases were unilateral and half were bilateral, and all of the unilateral cases were on the left side. Five of the six subjects with taurodontism had missing incisors and premolars. Taurodontism was two times more frequent in those who were missing their second premolars than in those who had their second premolars. There was no correlation between cleft type and presence of taurodontism. The cone beam CT pilot study on two persons showed very abnormal morphology of both crown and roots, which was not apparent on the standard panoramic radiograph. Both the volumetric and linear measurements of the ratio of crown body to root were highly indicative of taurodontism. Further genetic studies are needed. Conclusion: There is a likely association between VWS and taurodontism.

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Rotational Three-dimensional OCTA: a Notable New Imaging Tool to Characterize Type 3 Macular Neovascularization

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-53307-x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Enrico Borrelli ◽

Riccardo Sacconi ◽

Gerd Klose ◽

Luis de Sisternes ◽

Francesco Bandello ◽

...

Keyword(s):

3D Visualization ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Volume Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Imaging Tool ◽

Age Related ◽

Treatment Naïve ◽

Type 3

AbstractThis study explored whether rotational three-dimensional (3D) visualization of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) volume data may yield valuable information regarding type 3 macular neovascularization (MNV). In this retrospective, cross-sectional study, we collected data from 15 eyes (13 patients) with treatment-naïve type 3 MNV in their post-nascent stage and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Subjects were imaged with the SS-OCT system (PLEX Elite 9000, Carl Zeiss Meditec Inc., Dublin, CA, USA). The OCTA volume data were processed with a prototype volume projection removal algorithm and then analyzed using volumetric visualization techniques in order to obtain a 3D visualization of the region occupied by type 3 MNV. The two-dimensional and three-dimensional OCTA images were investigated. Mean ± SD age was 75.1 ± 7.4 years. BCVA was 0.42 ± 0.21 LogMAR in the study eyes. Considering the cohort of analyzed eyes, on rotational 3D OCTA images, a total of 35 neovascular lesions (vs 22 lesions detected on 2D OCTA images) rising from the deep vascular complex and variably spanning the outer retinal layers and eventually reaching the RPE/sub-RPE space were detected. Nine of 35 lesions had a saccular shape, while the remaining cases had a filiform shape. On rotational 3D OCTA images, these lesions were inclined on the three planes, instead of perpendicular to the RPE/Bruch’s membrane. In conclusion, this study used an algorithm to obtain rotational three-dimensional visualization of type 3 MNV. This approach seems to increase the detection rate for these lesions and to be useful to offer new insight into type 3 MNV.

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Effects of plantar flexion resistive moment generated by an ankle-foot orthosis with an oil damper on the gait of stroke patients: a pilot study

Prosthetics and Orthotics International ◽

10.1177/0309364612460266 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 212-221 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Sumiko Yamamoto ◽

Naoki Tomokiyo ◽

Tadashi Yasui ◽

Toshikazu Kawaguchi

Keyword(s):

Plantar Flexion ◽

Reaction Force ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Chronic Phase ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽

Paretic Limb ◽

Gait Parameters ◽

Foot Orthosis

Background: An ankle-foot orthosis with an oil damper was previously developed to assist the first rocker function during gait, but the effects of the amount of resistive moment generated on gait have not been clarified. Objectives: To measure the amount of resistive moment generated by the ankle-foot orthosis with an oil damper during gait and determine its effect on the gait of patients with stroke. Study Design: Preliminary cross-sectional study. Methods: The gait of four patients with stroke in the chronic phase was measured in four conditions: without an ankle-foot orthosis and with the ankle-foot orthosis with an oil damper generating three different amounts of resistive moment. Measurements were taken with a three-dimensional motion analysis system and a specially designed device to determine the resistive moment. Results: The resistive moment was observed in the former half in stance of the paretic limb, and its magnitude was less than 10 N m. Some gait parameters related to terminal stance and preswing were affected by the amount of resistive moment. The forward component of floor reaction force and the shank vertical angle showed peak values when the patients reported feeling most comfortable during gait. Conclusion: Although the resistive moment generated by the ankle-foot orthosis with an oil damper was small, it was sufficient to alter gait. Clinical relevance To maximize the effectiveness of ankle-foot orthoses, it is necessary to know the effects of resistive moment on the gait of patients with stroke. The ankle-foot orthosis with an oil damper assists the first rocker function in gait and also affects the gait in a later phase in stance. The peak values of some gait parameters coincided with patients reporting gait to be most comfortable. It is important to know that ankle-foot orthosis with an oil damper assistance in the first rocker alters the weight acceptance on the paretic limb and affects the gait parameters related to propulsion ability in stance.

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