Fusion Methods and Multi-Classifiers for Improving Land Cover Estimation By Remote Sensing Analysis
Abstract Adopting a low spatial resolution remote sensing imagery to get an accurate estimation of land-use and land-cover (LU/LC) is a very difficult task to perform. Image fusion plays a big role to map the LU/LC. Therefore, This study aims to find out a refining method for the LU/LC estimating by adopting these steps; (1) apply a three pan-sharpening fusion approaches to combine panchromatic (PAN) imagery has high spatial resolution with multispectral (MS) imagery has low spatial resolution, (2) employing five pixel-based classifier approaches on MS and fused images; artificial neural net (ANN), support vector machine (SVM), parallelepiped (PP), Mahalanobis distance (Mah) and spectral angle mapper (SAM), (3) Make a statistical comparison between classification results. The Landsat-8 image was adopted for this research. There are twenty LU/LC thematic maps were created in this study. A suitable and reliable LU/LC method was presented based on the obtained results. The validations of the results were performed by adopting a confusion matrix. A comparison made between the classification results of MS and all fused images levels. It proved that mapping the LU/LC produced by Gram-Schmidt Pan-sharpening (GS) and classified by SVM method has the most accurate result among all other MS and fused images that classified by the other classifiers, it has an overall accuracy about (99.85%) and a kappa coefficient of about (0.98). However, the SAM algorithm has the lowest accuracy compared to all other adopted methods, with overall accuracy of 53.41% and the kappa coefficient of about 0.48. The proposed procedure is useful in the industry and academic side for estimating purposes. In addition, it is also a good tool for analysts and researchers, who could interest to extend the technique to employ different datasets and regions.