accuracy index
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2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vakhtang M. Merabishvili

Malignant neoplasms (MNO) of esophagus is the localization with a high mortality rate. Years of searching for effective treatment in Russia have resulted in modest success. The median survival rate of patients is expressed in months, 70% of patients die in the first year of dispensary registration, the levels of one-year mortality rates for men and women practically do not differ. The esophageal cancer (EC) morbidity and mortality rates have slightly decreased in 20002018 in Russia and has declined only among the male population of the Northwestern Federal District. Aim of the study. To study the trends in the morbidity and mortality rates in the population of Russia and the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation. Qualitative analytical indicators, such as the accuracy index and the year-to-year mortality patterns in esophageal cancer patients, will be further considered. Results of the study. The highest standardized EC morbidity rates of the population were found in Zimbabwe (Harare, Africans) 15.5 0/0000, Japan (Miyage) 14.3 0/0000 and the Arkhangelsk region of Russia 12.8 0/0000. In 2000-2019 the level of standardized morbidity rates of the Russian population with EC has decreased from 3.44 to 3.19 0/0000 or 7.3% (both sexes), mortality rates from 3.32 to 2.66 0/0000, or 19.9%. A decrease in the morbidity and mortality rates from EC occurred in the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation, only among the male population. Annual EC mortality rate mainly occurs according to the classical model. The highest level is determined in the first year of follow-up (72-74%); by the end of the decade, only 4.1% of patients remain from those initially recorded. The accuracy index has decreased in Russia and in the Northwestern Federal District of the Russian Federation, respectively, to 0.84 and 0.86 (both sexes) but has remained above the critical mark of 0.7 for localizations with a high mortality rate.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 597
Author(s):  
Chaitanya Joshi ◽  
Sophie Curtis-Ham ◽  
Clayton D’Ath ◽  
Deane Searle

A literature review of the important trends in predictive crime modeling and the existing measures of accuracy was undertaken. It highlighted the need for a robust, comprehensive and independent evaluation and the need to include complementary measures for a more complete assessment. We develop a new measure called the penalized predictive accuracy index (PPAI), propose the use of the expected utility function to combine multiple measures and the use of the average logarithmic score, which measures accuracy differently than existing measures. The measures are illustrated using hypothetical examples. We illustrate how PPAI could identify the best model for a given problem, as well as how the expected utility measure can be used to combine different measures in a way that is the most appropriate for the problem at hand. It is important to develop measures that empower the practitioner with the ability to input the choices and preferences that are most appropriate for the problem at hand and to combine multiple measures. The measures proposed here go some way towards providing this ability. Further development along these lines is needed.


2021 ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Yuliya Vladimirovna Matveichuk ◽  
◽  
Dmitrii Vladislavovich Stanishevsky ◽  
Yurii Viktorovich Shabeka ◽  
◽  
...  

Titrimetric methods for determining the concentration of quaternary ammonium salts and polyhexame­thylenebiguanide hydrochloride in the presence of a disinfectant are described. In addition, as auxiliary components, the agent contains a nonionic surfactant and an alkyl polyglucoside and a disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid as a complexing agent. The main differences between the methods proposed by us for the determination of quaternary ammonium salts and polyhexamethylenebiguanide hydrochloride is the use of not sodium dodecyl sulfate as a titrant, but a solution of the disinfectant itself, which greatly facilitated the visual fixation of the equivalence point. In addition, the volume of the indicator (methylene blue and bromophenol blue) was selected in such a way that the exposure between the portions of the added titrant was not prolonged, because this would increase the overall duration of the analysis. When titrating with polyhexamethylenebiguanide hydrochloride, the vo­lume of the indicator is selected in such a way as to minimize the interfering effect of HR, which are also part of disinfectants. The reproducibility of the developed methods has been confirmed in accredited laboratories of the relevant state institutions of the Republic of Belarus. Metrological characteristics of the developed methods: accuracy index±3.7 %, reproducibility index 4.0 %, n = 17, P = 0.95 – to determine the QAS; accuracy index±4.2 %, reproducibility index 5.5 %, n = 17, P = 0.95 – for the determination of PHMBG.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Mariуa V. Stulova ◽  
Dmitrii Yu. Konstantinov ◽  
German V. Nedugov ◽  
Larisa L. Popova ◽  
Anna V. Lyubushkina ◽  
...  

Objectives to develop a method of early differential diagnosis of the hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (in 3 days after the onset) from other infectious and non-infectious diseases on the basis of mathematical-statistical analysis of clinical, functional and instrumental data. Material and methods. The study presented a complex clinical, functional and ultrasound examinations of 276 patients with various infectious and non-infectious diseases performed within 4 or 5 days from the onset of the disease. Results. Based on the discriminant analysis of the obtained data, a discriminant model for early differential diagnosis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome was developed. Conclusion. The accuracy index of the differential diagnosis of HFRS using the developed discriminant model is 96%.


2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-30
Author(s):  
Yu V Lavrishcheva ◽  
A N Belskykh ◽  
A A Yakovenko ◽  
A Sh Rumyantsev

The informativity of the screening method of sarcopenia «Strength, Assistance, Rise, Climb, Fall» in haemodialysis patients was evaluated. When diagnosing sarcopenia according to the recommendations of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People, the screening method studied showed a sarcopenia diagnosis accuracy index of 53%, that is, using this method eliminated rather than confirming the diagnosis of sarcopenia. Due to the low level of the sarcopenia diagnosis accuracy index for the screening method under investigation, at the second stage of the study, an attempt was made to develop a highly sensitive and specific screening method for sarcopenia in haemodialysis patients. In the course of the study, a screening method for «Screening of sarcopenia haemodialysis patients» sarcopenia was formed. This method includes two questions asked to the patient, anamnestic data (hemodialysis therapy experience), as well as two laboratory indicators (level of prealbumin and serum C-reactive protein), where each indicator has a score from 0 to 2. As a result of screening, the patient can score a maximum of 10 points. A total score of more than 5 indicates a high risk of sarcopenia in this patient. When diagnosing sarcopenia according to the recommendations of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People, the developed method demonstrated a sensitivity of 89% with a specificity of 73,5%, the overall accuracy index was 77%.


Nativa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 679-686
Author(s):  
Tiago Pereira da Silva Correia ◽  
Arthur Gabriel Caldas Lopes ◽  
Leandro Augusto Felix Tavares ◽  
Wesley Matheus Cordeiro Fulgêncio Taveira ◽  
Paulo Roberto Arbex Silva

As regulagens da semeadora-adubadora são cruciais para a correta distribuição dos insumos, melhorando assim o desempenho operacional. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a distribuição longitudinal de sementes e o desempenho operacional de uma semeadora-adubadora de precisão em função de diferentes pressões de insuflagem dos pneumáticos. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos casualizados, sendo os tratamentos três pressões de insuflagem dos pneus (138, 241 e 345 kPa), repetidos em seis blocos, totalizando 18 parcelas de 60 m de comprimento e 4,5 m de largura cada. Realizou-se avaliações de consumo de combustível horário (Chc), velocidade operacional (V), deslizamento dos pneus (DP), capacidade de campo operacional (Cco), distância entre sementes (DES), coeficiente de variação do espaçamento entre sementes (CVes) e índice de precisão da distribuição (IP). Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (P ≤ 0,05). Os resultados indicaram maior Chc e DP pela pressão 345 kPa. Menor falha, dupla, CVes, e maior IP, foram obtidos pela pressão 241 kPa. Cco não diferiu. Salienta-se que para cada tipo de máquina e condição de superfície do solo, seja necessário o refinamento da pressão dos pneus e regulagens da máquina. Palavras-chave: pressão; insuflagem; consumo de combustível; patinagem; plantabilidade.   Operational performance and longitudinal distribution of seeds by precision seeder submitted to different calibrations of the wheel   ABSTRACT: The settings of the seeder-fertilizer are crucial for the correct distribution of inputs, thus improving operational performance. The objective of the work was to evaluate the longitudinal distribution of seeds and the operational performance of a precision seed drill-fertilizer in function of different tire insufflation pressures. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, with three tire insufflation pressures from the seeder-fertilizer (138, 241 and 345 kPa), repeated in six blocks, totaling 18 plots of 60 m long and 4.5 m wide each. Hourly fuel consumption (Chc), operational speed (V), tire slip (DP), operational field capacity (Cco), distance between seeds (DES), variation coefficient of spacing between seeds were performed (CVes) and distribution accuracy index (IP). The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means compared by the Tukey test (P ≤ 0.05). The results indicated higher Chc and DP by the 345 kPa pressure. Minor failure, double, CVes, and higher IP, were obtained by pressure 241 kPa. Cco did not differ. It should be noted that for each type of machine and soil surface condition, refinement of tire pressure and machine adjustments is necessary. Keywords: pressure; insufflation; fuel consumption; skating; plantability.


2020 ◽  
pp. 102490792096652
Author(s):  
Andrea Laurentius ◽  
Rina Ariani

Introduction: Acute pulmonary embolism is the leading cause of cardiovascular mortality in which only 7% of total suspected cases were correctly diagnosed. Prompt diagnosis is essential to reduce disease burden. 12-lead electrocardiography has become standard of examination in any acute cardiovascular setting. Several abnormalities associated with right ventricular dysfunction include the classic McGinn-White and anterior leads T-wave inversion pattern due to conduction abnormalities. Nevertheless, studies conducting research in evaluating diagnostic values of both patterns have not come to definite conclusion. This review evaluates the diagnostic value of T-wave inversions in anterior leads difference compared to that of McGinn-White sign in patients with suspected acute pulmonary embolism. Methods: Literature searching was conducted from medical databases. Inclusion-exclusion criteria and study eligibility were assessed to select the included studies in this systematic review. Three final articles were selected and critically appraised using the Oxford Center of Evidence-Based Medicine appraisal tools for diagnostic study. Results: Considering the compared importance of selected studies, T-wave inversion shows better specificity (90.9% vs 88.7%) and sensitivity (35.5% vs 28.9%) although both signs exhibit minor impact in terms of sensitivity index. Analyses suggest higher averaged accuracy (accuracy index) and Youden index found in T-wave inversion than that of McGinn-White sign (accuracy index: 57.97% vs 56.16%; Youden index: 0.16 vs 0.12), providing more meaningful diagnostic value. Furthermore, anterior leads T-wave inversion possesses better diagnostic odds ratio than that of McGinn-White sign (5.52 vs 3.17). Conclusion: Anterior lead T-wave inversions present better diagnostic value than that of classic pattern of McGinn-White sign in electrocardiographic presentation of suspected acute pulmonary embolism.


Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 4275
Author(s):  
Emitis Roshan ◽  
Brian Funt

A novel method is described for evaluating the colorimetric accuracy of digital color cameras based on a new measure of the metamer mismatch body (MMB) that is induced by the change from the camera as an ‘observer’ to the human standard observer. In comparison to the majority of existing methods for evaluating colorimetric accuracy, the advantage of using the MMB is that it is based on the theory of metamer mismatching and, therefore, shows how much color error can arise in principle. A new measure of colorimetric accuracy based on the shape of the camera-induced MMB is proposed and tested. MMB shape is measured in terms of the moments of inertia of the MMB treated as a mass of uniform density. Since colorimetric accuracy is independent of any linear transformation of the sensor space, the MMB measure needs to be as well. Normalization by the moments of inertia of the object color solid is introduced to provide this independence.


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