scholarly journals Involvement of intestinal hypoperfusion related with Indoleamine 2,3-peroxidase activation and 5-HT metabolism abnormality in intestinal dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
xiaofang lu ◽  
PINGPING ZHOU ◽  
YANGANG WANG ◽  
YUEFEN WANG
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Laser Speckle ◽  
Immunohistochemical Method ◽  
Mesenteric Blood Flow

Abstract Background To investigate the intestinal dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and discuss the underlying mechanism. Methods Rats were divided into three groups randomly, including AMI group, Sham group and Normal (N) group. An AMI model was established with ligating the left anterior descending artery (LAD) without ventilator assisted. The body surface electrocardiogram (ECG), HE staining of myocardial tissues and echocardiogram were used to evaluate whether the model was established successfully. The HE staining for ileum tissue was applied to evaluate the structure of the ileum, the intestinal propulsive rate were conducted to investigate the intestinal dysfunction, and laser speckle technique was developed in order to measure the mesenteric blood flow. immunohistochemical method was used to determined the expression of Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) in ileum, high-performance liquid chromatography was used to detected 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) metabolism in rats plasma and ileum. Results After AMI in rats, the ECG shows ST segment elevation in lead Ⅱ for more than 30 minutes and pathological Q wave appeared at 4 weeks after surgery. HE staining showed at 4 weeks after AMI, the ventricular wall of the infarcted area of the rats became thin and white. Echocardiogram showed Left ventricular internal diameters of systole(LVIDs) and Left ventricular internal diameters of diastole(LVIDd) in the AMI group increased significantly, and Interventricular septal thickness at end diastole(IVSd) decreased significantly. Left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) and Fractional shortening(FS) values in the AMI group were significantly decreased. HE staining showed intestinal mucosa was hyperemia, edema, and it was infiltrated by a large number of neutrophils. The intestinal propulsive rate was increased in AMI group. Laser speckle technique shows the mesenteric blood flow was decreased in AMI group. Immunohistochemistry showed the expression of IDO was increased in AMI group. High-performance liquid chromatography showed the 5-HT content in the plasma was increased, and the content of 5-HT and 5-hydroxy indole acetic acid (5-HIAA) in the ileum was increased in AMI group. Conclusion Intestinal dysfunction after AMI may be achieved by decreased intestinal blood perfusion, IDO-related inflammation and the dysfunction of 5-HT metabolic pathway.

scholarly journals The ratio of structural and functional status of myocardium to plasma level of stimulating growth factor expressed by gene 2 in patients with myocardial infarction without ST segment elevation

2019 ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
I.А. Mezhiievska
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
St Segment Elevation ◽  
St Segment

Coronary heart disease remains one of the leading causes of temporary and persistent disability, invalidization and mortality in economically developed countries and is one of the most pressing problems in cardiology. Myocardial infarction is the most common manifestation of coronary heart disease and one of the main causes of the disability and mortality of the working population. The aim is to evaluate the structural and functional status of the myocardium in patients with acute myocardial infarction without ST segment elevation, depending on the plasma level of growth factor-stimulating factor expressed by gene 2 (ST2). 90 patients with acute myocardial infarction without ST segment elevation from 38 to 79 years old were examined. Among them, 60 (66.7%) male patients. Echocardiography assessed the structural and functional status of the myocardium. By enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay determined ST2 levels in blood plasma. It has been determined that myocardial infarction without ST segment elevation is associated with more severe structural left ventricular remodeling, left atrial overload, and decreased left ventricular contractility. In patients, myocardial infarction without ST segment elevation is associated with an increase in cases of left ventricular concentric hypertrophy. Analysis of the nature of diastolic transmitral blood flow showed a significant increase in cases of blood flow by type of pseudonormalization (43.5% versus 8.7%). Therefore, the data obtained showed that in patients with myocardial infarction without ST segment elevation, ST2 elevation was associated with a more frequent manifestation of diastolic transmitral blood flow by type of pseudonormalization. Patients with myocardial infarction without ST segment elevation showed a predominance of systolic dysfunction in the group with relatively high levels of ST2 in the blood plasma, and no significant differences in remodeling types were found in all study groups.

scholarly journals Cerebral blood flow alteration following acute myocardial infarction in mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Kaplan ◽  
Andriy Yabluchanskiy ◽  
Rana Ghali ◽  
Raffaele Altara ◽  
George W. Booz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Acute Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cerebral Blood Flow ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Coronary Artery Ligation ◽  
Brain Ageing ◽  
Lv Volumes ◽  
The Impact

Heart failure is associated with low cardiac output (CO) and low brain perfusion that imposes a significant risk for accelerated brain ageing and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) development. Although clinical heart failure can emerge several years following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the impact of AMI on cerebral blood flow (CBF) at early stages and up to 30 days following MI is unknown. Sixteen months old male mice underwent left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery ligation. Hemodynamics analyses were performed at baseline and at days 1, 7, and 30 post-MI. Left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF), LV volumes, CO, and right common carotid artery (RCCA) diameter were recorded by echocardiography. RCCA flow (RCCA FL) was measured by Doppler echocardiography. LV volumes consistently increased (P<0.0012) and LV systolic function progressively deteriorated (P<0.0001) post-MI. CO and RCCA FL showed a moderate but significant decrease over the course of MI with similar fluctuation pattern such that both variables were decreased at day 1, increased at day 7, and decreased at 30 days post-MI. Correlation and regression analyses between CO and RCCA FL showed a strong correlation with significance at baseline and day 30 post-MI (R = 0.71, P=0.03, and R = 0.72, P=0.03, respectively). Days 1 and 7 analyses between CO and RCCA FL showed moderate correlation with non-significance post-MI (R = 0.51, P=0.2, and R = 0.56, P=0.12, respectively). In summary, CBF significantly decreased following AMI and remained significantly decreased for up to 30 days, suggesting a potential risk for brain damage that could contribute to cognitive dysfunction later in life.

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